Healthy lifestyle education is a purposeful, systematic and organized process. As a result of the analysis on the development of a healthy lifestyle in children, it turned out that a very important place is occupied by a healthy lifestyle for children with handicapped. In this regard, they have a constant need for a healthy lifestyle. It was also taken into account that for the correct formation of a way of life it is necessary to set three main goals: global, didactic, methodical. In this regard, the main components of a healthy lifestyle are determined - physical culture and sports. Physical culture and sports perform many functions in society and cover population groups of different ages. The multifunctional nature of these components is manifested in the fact that physical culture and sports are the development of the physical, aesthetic and moral qualities of the human personality, the organization of socially useful activities, leisure of the population, disease prevention, education of the younger generation, physical and psycho-emotional recreation and rehabilitation, communication etc. Physical culture and sports are an important factor for the rehabilitation and social adaptation of a person with disabilities. It is important to be able to organize work for the correct formation of knowledge and skills about a healthy lifestyle.
Physical Culture.
valeology
personal hygiene
healthy lifestyle
1. Bashkirova M. M. Physical activity and sport among the disabled: reality and perspectives. // Sports for all. - 1999. - No. 1–2. - S. 42-46.
2. Werner D. Rehabilitation of the disabled. - M., 1995. - 68 p.
3. Vinogradov P. A., Dushanin A. P., Zholdak V. I. Fundamentals of physical culture and a healthy lifestyle. - M., 1996. - S. 79-81.
4. Rubtsova N. O. On the problem of forming the infrastructure of the system of physical culture and sports for the disabled // Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'tury. - 1998. - No. 1. - S. 67-71.
5. Konoplina LL To live as an invalid, but not to be one. - Yekaterinburg, 2000. - 90 p.
The problem of forming a healthy lifestyle and strengthening the health of students is becoming a priority for the development of an inclusive educational system of a modern school. An important task of this direction is the preparation of an educated, creative person who is able to adapt to a rapidly changing socio-economic environment, rationally organizing independent activities, including activities to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Educate healthy lifestyles - organize a focused, systematic process to improve the health of children. The correct organization of training contributes to the formation of ideas about health-saving factors and teaches children to distinguish a healthy lifestyle from an unhealthy one, helps to protect their health and the health of others in the future, and forms the concept of bad habits.
Only from the very early age health care knowledge, skills and habits can be instilled in children. These skills will subsequently become the most important component of a person's general culture and will have an impact on the formation and development of a healthy lifestyle for the whole society. Responsible for physical potential physical education, sports, healthcare, recreation system, etc.
It is well known that health is one of the important social values of modern society. Therefore, the main goal of the study was to determine the ways of development and formation of a healthy lifestyle. A very important place is occupied by a healthy lifestyle for children with disabilities. In this regard, they have a constant need for a healthy lifestyle. To properly form it, you need to define three more important goals:
- global - ensuring the mental and physical health of children in the system of inclusion;
- didactic - equipping preschoolers and schoolchildren with the necessary knowledge in the field of health care, instilling skills, abilities and habits to prevent childhood injuries, contributing to the preservation of working capacity and health;
- methodical - mastering students' knowledge physiological foundations human life processes, personal hygiene rules, prevention of mental disorders, somatic diseases, sexually transmitted infections, as well as knowledge about the harmful effects of psychotropic substances on the body.
A great responsibility for achieving these goals of forming and developing a healthy lifestyle rests mainly with the school, but the family in which this child grows up must actively interact with the school. It is at school, under the control of teachers, exercise therapy teachers, that an algorithm for maintaining and building a healthy lifestyle is formed, and at home, these knowledge and skills should be consolidated. Initially, you need to introduce children to the concept of "healthy lifestyle".
Acquaintance with information about a healthy lifestyle is carried out in the family, and in relation to educational institutions, information about this is carried out already from kindergarten and then at school. Educators inform children about the rules of personal hygiene, proper nutrition and conduct subject classes, walks in the fresh air. It is possible to increase the effectiveness of pedagogical influence on the implementation of health saving and life safety only if close cooperation understanding with parents. It is known and scientifically proven that in children with intellectual disabilities at preschool age, knowledge, skills and abilities should have social experience of their application in real life otherwise they will be lost. Therefore, parents should become active participants in the correctional and educational process, adhere to the unity of requirements with teachers and understand that it is important not only to protect the child from danger, but also to prepare him for meeting with possible difficulties, form an idea of the most dangerous situations, the need to comply with measures precautions, instill in him the skills of safe behavior in everyday life.
It is necessary to form in children with disabilities the skills and abilities to maintain and improve health. That is, the elementary rules of safe behavior in relation to one's own body, for this it is necessary to develop a sense of security in the child through tactile sensations and understanding of prohibitory verbal and non-verbal symbols.
Currently, various health programs are being widely introduced into the practice of schools and kindergartens, which contribute to the formation of valeological literacy, a healthy lifestyle for students with disabilities. Health days have become more frequent, which contribute to the development of motor activity, communication skills and the improvement of the body.
Already in the pre-school preparation group, children with disabilities and ordinary children learn more information in the lessons of valeology, ecology, familiarization with the world around them, about the daily routine, physical activity and other components of a healthy lifestyle.
For a fruitful and proper healthy lifestyle, children with disabilities should be provided with medical and social support, including, in addition to systematic monitoring, individual training and correction programs, such an important component as working with the environment (social environment) in which the child integrates.
Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child should become the main direction in the activities of a preschool educational institution. This can be expressed not only through the direct teaching of children in elementary methods of a healthy lifestyle, but also through the use of aromatherapy, functional music, psycho-gymnastics, trainings, as well as in working with the family - conducting practical classes with parents on the topic.
Children with disabilities themselves need to develop social competence, communication skills with others. It is very important to find individual approach to a child with a disability. Particular attention should be paid to the correction of the personality of these children. For the most part, such children have increased excitability, outbursts of anger, and slight mood variability. The main thing is to involve children in various sports.
The main components of a healthy lifestyle are physical culture and sports. Physical culture and sports perform many functions in society and cover population groups of different ages. The multifunctional nature of these components is manifested in the fact that physical culture and sports are the development of the physical, aesthetic and moral qualities of the human personality, the organization of socially useful activities, leisure of the population, disease prevention, education of the younger generation, physical and psycho-emotional recreation and rehabilitation, communication etc. Physical culture and sports are an important factor for the rehabilitation and social adaptation of a person with disabilities.
The main goal of attracting children with disabilities to regular physical culture and sports is to restore lost contact with the outside world, create the necessary conditions for reunification with society, participation in socially useful work and rehabilitation of their health. In addition, physical culture and sports help the mental and physical improvement of children with disabilities, contributing to their social integration and physical rehabilitation.
When organizing this work, the main directions are:
Creation of appropriate conditions for physical culture and sports on sports facilities and in places of mass recreation;
Opening sports schools in the system of additional education for disabled children;
Development and production of specialized inventory and equipment;
Training of trainers, teachers and specialists in adaptive physical culture;
Development and publication of specialized methods and programs .
Sports activities have several goals:
1. Sport in its purest form as a means of self-affirmation, with the desire for leadership and victory at almost any cost, including the cost of health.
2. As a way to improve health, correct the figure, improve well-being.
3. As a means of social and psychological adaptation, involving people with similar interests, including the fight against shyness, demonstrating their capabilities, fighting for their rights.
4. Commercial or professional sports as hard work, sometimes associated with the exploitation of a person's physical data, and the main way of earning a livelihood.
The intensification of work with children with disabilities in the field of physical culture and sports undoubtedly contributes to the humanization of society itself, changing its attitude towards this group of the population, and thus is of great social importance.
Thus, the most important direction of psychological and pedagogical support for the development of preschoolers and younger schoolchildren with disabilities in the formation of a healthy lifestyle is the preservation and strengthening of children's health, the protection of their rights. The effectiveness of the activity on the formation of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior of children with intellectual disabilities depends on the success of interaction and mutual understanding between teachers and parents of pupils. Children with disabilities need to be helped to develop the skills and abilities to lead a healthy lifestyle, engage in physical education and sports.
Reviewers:
Abildina S.K., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Buketova E. A., Karaganda.
Mukhtarova Sh. M., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Buketova E. A., Karaganda.
Bibliographic link
Maksimenko T.A., Tebenova K.S., Bobrova V.V., Sakaeva A.N. THE PROCESS OF FORMING A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IN CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES // Modern Problems of Science and Education. - 2013. - No. 1.;URL: http://science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=8235 (date of access: 02/01/2020). We bring to your attention the journals published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural History"
The child's right to health is enshrined in international and national laws and regulations. The duty and duty of all adults is not only to observe, respect and protect this right, but also to equip the child with the necessary knowledge about their own health, to prepare them for a decent life in society.
Relevance.
The foundation of human health is laid in early childhood. How we, adults, take care of the health of the child, how we teach him to be healthy, depends on his future life. Of particular social importance is the provision of active differentiated assistance to children with disabilities. Currently, there is a constant search for effective methods of improving children's health in a kindergarten.
One of these methods is, in our opinion, the method of projects. An educational project is considered today as a joint educational, cognitive, creative or gaming activity that has common goal agreed methods, methods of activity and aimed at achieving a common result.
We turned to project activities for a number of reasons. Firstly, project activity develops a scientific-cognitive and practical-active attitude to the surrounding reality. Secondly, it is the project activity that allows supporting children's initiative. Thirdly, all project activity participants /children, teachers, parents/ gain experience of productive interaction.
Analysis of the situation in our group showed:
- children are little informed about their health, about what human health depends on;
- do not know how to apply their knowledge in everyday life;
- they do not understand the importance of observing the daily routine, they know little about the benefits of vitamins, they do not always wash their hands thoroughly; use a handkerchief only when reminded; violate elementary hygienic rules: they take fingers and toys in their mouths, they bite their nails.
Parents pay insufficient attention to the health of the child:
- do not follow the daily routine;
- on weekends they go to bed late, they allow the child to spend a lot of time at the computer;
- the child's clothes do not always correspond to the season;
- food at home is often inadequate;
- hygiene procedures in many families are carried out irregularly.
These reasons led to the creation of the project "My Health".
Project type: information and creative, medium-term (1 month).
Project participants: kindergarten preparatory group (children aged 6-7), teachers, parents.
Problematic question: How to learn not to get sick?
Target: learn to maintain and improve health.
Tasks:
- To form an understanding of the need to take care of their health, to protect it.
- Learn to be healthy and lead a healthy lifestyle.
- To increase the literacy of parents in the education and promotion of the health of preschool children.
Project product: Joint entertainment "If you want to be healthy."
1-preparatory - identifying the problem, defining tasks, studying methodological literature
2-practical - organization of project implementation activities
3-productive - joint entertainment "If you want to be healthy."
Expected results:
- Meaningful assimilation of healthy lifestyle skills in the daily and practical activities of pupils.
- A more serious attitude of parents to the problem of preserving and strengthening the health of the child.
Project implementation methods.
- Practical
Organization of the mode of motor activity, mode of ventilation in the group
finger games
Physical education minutes
Breathing exercises
Articulation gymnastics
Gymnastics for the eyes
Role-playing game, didactic, mobile
Experiments and observations
- verbal
Reading fiction
Consultations
storytelling
Instructions
word games
- Visual
Design of collective albums
Collection of photographic material
Examining the illustrations
Information stands, folders, folders, booklets
Personal example of adults
- Our body. In a healthy body healthy mind!
- Hygiene. From simple water and soap at microbes the force melts!
- Nutrition. I never lose heart and a smile on my face, because I take vitamins A, B, C!
- Physical Education. Who is friends with physical education, never grieve!
For the successful implementation of the project, we have collected working materials: project planning, questions for situational conversations with children, poems, riddles, fairy tales, fantasy games, recommendations for parents, class notes.
Exemplary forms of organization of activities.
3 weeks of the project. NUTRITION.
Motto of the week: Never lose heart and a smile on my face,
Because I take vitamins A, B, C!
- Articulatory gymnastics /on the recommendations of a speech therapist/
- Finger game "This finger is the most ..."
- Breathing exercises "Hot milk".
- Gymnastics for the eyes. Stretch out your hand. Follow the fingernail with your eyes, slowly bringing it closer to the nose, and then just as slowly pushing it back. /Five times/
- Physical education minutes "Cabbage", "Let's discard laziness."
- Didactic games: "Recognize and name vegetables and fruits", "Guess the taste", "Helpful-harmful".
- C-R game "Family".
Kosolapovskaya correctional (general education) boarding school for students, pupils of the VIII type
Report
on the topic
FORMATION OF THE BASICS OF HLS IN CHILDREN WITH DIFFICULTY
Prepared by the teacher: S.V. Chirkov
Kosolapovo 2011
Preserving and strengthening the health of children is one of the main strategic tasks of the country. It is regulated and provided by such legal documents as the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” (Article 51), “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, as well as Decrees of the President of Russia “On Urgent Measures to Ensure Public Health Russian Federation”, “On the approval of the main directions of the state social policy to improve the situation of children in the Russian Federation”, etc.
It is well known that human health is 20% dependent on hereditary factors, 20% on the natural environment, 7–10% on the level of health care, and 50% on a person’s lifestyle.
In this regard, the problem of maintaining health and cultivating a culture of a healthy lifestyle in children is extremely relevant.
Human health is a very complex phenomenon of universal and individual existence. Today there is no doubt that it is complex, because it depends on the interaction of many complex factors of the physical and mental, social and individual order, and often of a philosophical nature.
Health is "a dynamic state (process) of the preservation and development of biological, physiological and mental functions, optimal working capacity and social activity with a maximum life expectancy" .
Health represents a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or developmental defects.
Lifestyle - a set of specific forms of life of people in all spheres of public life.
A healthy lifestyle is a way and organization of the physical, social and spiritual life of people who provide them effective development performance and active longevity. This is a socially and historically defined idea of health, as well as the means and methods of its integration into practical life activities.
Health promotion is a system of individual and social activities aimed at improving the healthy lifestyle of a person and society.
Health is defined as the normal state of the body in which all its organs function properly. With the development of society and various sciences, this concept was filled with new content, and the definition of "healthy" began to be correlated with a person's lifestyle, his spiritual development and mental state.
A new definition was formulated by the World Health Organization: "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease."
Currently, the following definitions of the concept of "human health" are used in the system of human sciences:
Harmonious unity of biological and social qualities determined by congenital and acquired biological and social phenomena (Yu.P. Lisitsyn);
The process of preserving and developing its biological, physiological and psychological capabilities, optimal social activity with a maximum life expectancy (V.P. Kaznacheev);
As the ability of the human body to adapt to changes in the environment, interacting with it freely, based on the biological, mental and social essence of a person (P.M. Baevsky, P. Mikhailov, M. Popov);
A holistic multidimensional dynamic state (including its positive and negative indicators) that develops in the process of realizing the genetic potential in a specific social and ecological environment and allows a person to carry out his biological and social functions to varying degrees (R.I. Aizman, V.P. Kaznacheev , A.G. Shchedrin).
Returning to the definition of the concept of "healthy lifestyle", we can single out the most complete definitions of this concept:
1. A healthy lifestyle is a system of views that develops in the process of life under the influence of various factors on the problem of health as a concrete expression of a person's ability to achieve any goal he sets;
2. A healthy lifestyle is a person's way of organizing the production, household and cultural aspects of life, which allows one to realize one's creative potential to one degree or another;
3. A healthy lifestyle is a socially and historically defined idea of health, as well as the means and methods of its integration into practical life.
4. Healthy lifestyle - typical forms and methods of daily human life, which strengthen and improve the reserve capacity of the body, thereby ensuring the successful performance of their social and professional functions, regardless of gender, economic and socio-psychological situations.
It is possible to single out the general tasks of preserving the health of schoolchildren, characteristic of all programs used for educational institutions:
1. Teach children to determine their state and feelings.
2. Form an active life position.
3. Form ideas about your body, body.
4. Learn to strengthen and maintain your health.
5. Understand the need and role of movements in physical development.
6. Teach safety rules when doing physical exercises and various kinds activities.
7. Be able to provide basic assistance for injuries.
8. To form ideas about what is useful and what is harmful to the body.
Thus, it is necessary to constantly work on the development of self-determination of younger students, one of its most important components is the preservation and strengthening of physical, mental, moral and social health.
1.2. Features of the formation of schoolchildren's needs for a healthy lifestyle
It is known that the health crisis of children, adolescents and young people in Russia threatens national security, economic and social development, the country's defense capability. The scale and consequences of the violation of the health of new generations of the population are enormous. These problems lie in the sphere of vital interests of society, family and individual.
A healthy lifestyle (HLS) is the basis for disease prevention and health promotion for children and adolescents. Modern concept Healthy lifestyle defines it as a constant implementation of hygienic rules for strengthening and maintaining individual and public health, conscious of its need.
For schoolchildren, the main components of a healthy lifestyle are rational nutrition, physical activity, restorative and anti-stress activities, good rest, and high medical activity. In today's difficult socio-economic conditions, the absence of these elements in the behavior of a significant part of schoolchildren is a risk factor for the occurrence of diseases.
Taking into account the state of health of school-age children, in recent years the country has significantly intensified work on the creation of a health-saving system of educational institutions aimed at developing healthy lifestyle skills in children.
The learning aspect of this system includes:
Mastering curricula on a healthy lifestyle;
Development of manuals for teachers and students;
Creation of a methodical library for teachers of different categories on the problems of a healthy lifestyle;
Training teachers of general education schools in active methods of developing healthy lifestyle skills, etc.
The significant deterioration in the health of the population of Russia, especially children, observed in recent years, has become a nationwide problem. Systematic education of the younger generation in the field of health and a healthy lifestyle will help to solve it. Modern perspectives on this problem show that the health of each person, first of all, depends on the efforts that he makes to improve his health, and no doctors, no medicines will help if the person himself violates the norms of a healthy lifestyle (HLS).
It is known that healthy habits are formed from a very young age. Therefore, the role and importance of the family, family education in this process can hardly be overestimated. Every day, day after day, parents need to quietly and steadily educate their child so that he realizes the need to improve health and learns this art. To successfully cope with this task, parents must have a certain theoretical and practical training in these matters. Science offers them the following principles on which to build a healthy lifestyle for children:
1. System approach.
Man is a complex system. It is impossible to keep the body healthy if you do not improve the emotional-volitional sphere, if you do not work with the morality of the child.
A successful solution to the problems of educating a healthy lifestyle is possible only by combining the educational efforts of the school and parents.
2. Activity approach.
A culture in the field of health and a healthy lifestyle is mastered by children in the process of joint activities with their parents. It is necessary not to direct children to the path of health, but to lead them along this path.
3. The principle of "Do no harm"!
Provides for the use of only safe methods of healing, scientifically recognized and tested by thousands of years of human experience and officially recognized.
4. The principle of humanism.
In education in the field of health and healthy lifestyle, the inherent value of the child's personality is recognized. The moral guidelines of education are universal values.
The priority direction of education in the field of health should be the formation of the moral qualities of the child, which are the foundation of health. To do this, it is necessary to develop in him kindness, friendliness, endurance, determination, courage, an optimistic attitude towards life, a sense of the joy of existence, the ability to feel happy, believe in one's own strengths and trust the world.
For the formation of these qualities, spiritual harmony, adequate positive self-esteem are necessary, which arise if the child is free from feelings of anxiety and fear, lives with confidence in his security and safety. It is important that as each child masters the culture of health preservation, feelings of tenderness and love for himself, a mood of special joy from understanding his uniqueness, originality, the boundlessness of his creative possibilities, a sense of trust in the world and people are formed.
When organizing health education, remember:
If a child is often encouraged - he learns self-confidence,
If a child lives with a sense of security, he learns to believe
If a child manages to achieve what he wants, he learns hope,
If a child lives in an atmosphere of friendship and feels needed, he learns to find love in this world.
It is equally important for maintaining health to develop in your child the ability to consider himself and his condition from the outside, to understand his feelings and the reasons for their occurrence. Self-observation and self-analysis form the desire to improve themselves, allow the child to see and develop their personal capabilities, increase their intellectual potential.
It is necessary to form in the child a moral attitude towards their health, which is expressed in the desire and need to be healthy, to lead a healthy lifestyle. He must realize that health is the most important value for a person, the main condition for achieving any life goal, and everyone is responsible for maintaining and strengthening their health. In order to motivate him for health behavior, it is necessary to interest him, create positive emotions when mastering knowledge, let him feel the pleasure of healing methods, use positive examples from the surrounding life, and the personal example of parents.
Physical culture is a powerful source of healthy lifestyle formation in children. The training strategy proceeds from the fact that the pleasure of physical activity develops into a habit, and from it into a need.
An important task that you must solve when educating in the field of health and healthy lifestyles is to form the basics of personal hygiene: mastering body care skills, self-massage techniques, hardening methods, etc. It is equally important that the child masters the skills of psychoprophylaxis, self-regulation and activation reserve capacity of your body. To do this, it is necessary to develop and improve the functions of analyzer systems (hearing, vision, tactile sense, etc.), to teach the skills of voluntary control over breathing, muscle tone, imagination, to promote the formation of an “internal observer” in the child’s mind (inner self), to form the ability to express their feelings with the help of words, facial expressions, gestures, etc. Mastering this knowledge and skills, the child learns to control his emotions and mental activity. This improves psychological well-being at school, contributes to more successful learning.
Nazarenko Oksana Ivanovna
GBOU "Valuy special (correctional) general education boarding school VIII kind »
Formation of a healthy lifestyle in children with disabilities through the use of modern health-saving technologies outside of school hours.
Mathematic teacher
Valuyki
2013
The problem of educating a healthy generation is currently acquiring great importance. Disappointing statistics show that for a long time there has been a tendency for the health of children of all ages to deteriorate. Psychologists-practitioners note the violation of the emotional and personal development of students, the growing aggressiveness and cruelty in their relationships with other children and adults. These negative phenomena are interrelated and driven by a variety of economic and social causes, as well as lifestyles. Against the background of the difficult economic conditions of our time, the problem of health is particularly acute. That is why I teach my pupils to realize themselves as part of nature and to understand the responsibility to society for their health. The relevance of the topic I have chosen lies in the generally recognized fact that health is a basic human need, and human health determines precisely the way of life. In a correctional boarding schoolVIIII have been a teacher for 13 years. The contingent of students in my class are children with a clinical diagnosis of "mental retardation" with many concomitant health disorders. Everyone wants to see children healthy and happy. But how to make a child live in harmony with himself, with the world around him, with people? The secret of this harmony is simple: A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE. It includes the maintenance of physical health, and the desire to help those who need it, and the lack of bad habits. I believe that the result of my work with oligophrenic children is their awareness of the positive impact of observing the rules of personal and public hygiene, the importance of playing sports for a person’s creative and life successes, and awareness of the danger of bad habits for life and health.
aim my activity is to provide the pupil with sustainable motivation for a healthy lifestyle, the development of behavioral skills and a responsible attitude to their own health and its preservation.
Tasks : to promote the development in children of the ability to determine their state of health through emotional and physical sensations; arouse in children an interest in the physiology of the body and the relationship of the main functions of certain systems, such as digestion, respiration, the musculoskeletal system, vision, etc .; promote the development of ideas about what is good and bad for the body; create conditions for the development of a conscious attitude to one's behavior and activities in terms of a healthy lifestyle, the sustainability of healthy behavioral skills and some ways of self-help, self-correction and self-improvement.
Leading pedagogical idea of experience
The leading pedagogical idea of the experience is to study modern health-saving technologies used after school hours in a correctional school, as a means aimed at developing knowledge, skills and abilities about a healthy lifestyle in children with disabilities.
Experience Range
The range of experience is presented by the author's didactic system of the teacher's work on the formation of knowledge, skills and habits of a healthy lifestyle in younger students as a result of the use of modern health-saving technologies during after-school hours in a correctional school.
Novelty of experience
The novelty of the experience lies in the creation of a system for the use of health-saving technologies during extracurricular time in elementary grades remedial school to improve the health status of children with disabilities.
An outstanding teacher V. A. Sukhomlinsky wrote: “Care for health is the most important work of an educator.” Their cognitive activity, the strength of knowledge, faith in their strengths and capabilities, and their spiritual life in general depend on the health and cheerfulness of our younger generation. The idea of forming a healthy lifestyle is reflected in many modern teaching aids: the Program of G.K. Zaitseva "Health Lessons", E.A. Strebeleva and E.A. Eyukanova "Technologies that improve health in the education system of correctional and developmental special preschool institutions ”, the educational program “Know Your Body”, developed by the American Health Foundation, the methodological guide “Know Yourself” by M. L. Lazarev, etc.
Working on this problem, I decided that it was necessary to systematize all the methods and techniques for the formation of a healthy lifestyle and developed work program"I keep my health"
Building a healthy lifestyle is holistic process, covering all aspects of the development of the child in the system of his relations with his inner world, with nature and society. A child's health is formed under the influence of a combination of social, economic, natural and genetic factors. In the process of my work, I take into account that the health of the child has four components:
physical - creates the basis for posture, coordination of movements, height, weight, mobility;
somatic - substantiates the formation, development and functioning of all body systems, its internal organs;
spiritual - includes the moral potential of a person, provides an essential component of his life;
mental - ensures the integrity of the perception of the surrounding reality and the adequacy of reactions to its objects and phenomena, as well as to a person's attitude to himself and to others. The complexity of solving all the tasks set is that my pupils are mentally retarded children. They have persistent, irreversible impairment, predominantly cognitive sphere, which arose as a result of an organic lesion of the cerebral cortex, which has a diffuse (diffuse) character. A characteristic feature of a defect in mental retardation is a violation of higher mental functions. Violation of reflection and regulation of behavior and activity is expressed in violation of cognitive processes. Suffer emotionally - volitional sphere, motor skills, personality as a whole. Children lag behind in development from normally developing peers, later they begin to walk, talk, and at a later date master self-service skills. They are awkward, physically weak, often sick. They have little interest in others: they do not explore objects, they do not seek to learn about them from adults, they are indifferent to the processes and phenomena occurring in nature and social life. By the end of preschool age, their active vocabulary is poor. Phrases are monosyllabic. Children cannot convey elementary coherent content. The passive vocabulary is also much smaller than normal. They do not understand constructions with negation, instructions consisting of two or three words, even at school age it is difficult for them to keep up a conversation, since they do not always understand the interlocutor's questions well enough. Communication of children with normally developing peers is difficult: they are not accepted into the game, because they do not know how to play. They become rejected by their peers and are forced to play with children who are much younger than them.
My main areas of work are:
studying the state of health of students;
introduction to a healthy lifestyle;
development of motor abilities;
expanding horizons;
education of a culture of communication, the formation of moral and volitional qualities;
organization of health-improving and medical-preventive measures. The study of the state of health of students is in close contact with the work of the medical service. When a child enters school, I study his medical record, which reflects the physical and mental parameters of his health. And throughout the entire stay of the child at school, I work to fulfill the recommendations of doctors. I conduct parent-teacher meetings, as well as individual conversations with parents. Together with a social pedagogue, I regularly visit the families of my pupils in order to examine their living conditions. I organize a variety of activities with children: a conversation, a didactic game, health-improving minutes, creative and business games, dramatization games, a set of exercises, communication with nature, which helps to expand their horizons, cultivate a culture of communication, and form moral and volitional qualities. My work includes not only issues of physical but also spiritual health. From elementary school age, I teach children to love themselves, people, and life. Only a person who lives in harmony with himself and the world will be truly healthy. The conversations that I have with my pupils include issues of hygiene, nutrition, hardening, human structure; issues related to factors that strengthen and destroy health. In one conversation, one or several areas may be affected. I conduct classes in the subsection "Nutrition and Health" in the dining room. During these classes, I teach children the rules good manners, form and consolidate the principles healthy eating, teaching table setting. The theory is fixed by practice during the duty of students in the dining room. In the classroom, students gain knowledge about what our health depends on, acquire self-improvement skills. Taking into account the low level of physical development of this contingent of students, I pay great attention to the education of the need for physical exercises, the development of individual sports and health technologies, the formation of responsibility for one's health, the development of sanitary and hygienic skills to automatism, and special attention to the use psychoactive substances. I have been developing the motor abilities of children since the first grade. I spend morning exercises; during self-training and conversations - physical. minutes; outdoor games during walks; sports watch; days of health, etc. In the wellness minutes I include a set of physical exercises and relaxation exercises, which allows you to give certain knowledge and form the skills necessary for each pupil to improve their health, relieve fatigue, and find peace. I am focusing on creating conditions for the formation of the transfer of the learned skill and the representation associated with it from the educational situation to everyday life. I build the methodology of work in the direction of personality-oriented interaction with children. Each of my classes contains cognitive material that corresponds to the age and psychophysical characteristics of children with intellectual disabilities, and is combined with practical tasks(trainings, wellness minutes, etc.) necessary for the development of the child's skill. In elementary school, I filled the content of classes with playful and fairy-tale plots and characters. The introduction of the game into the lesson made it possible to preserve the specifics of primary school age.
Ultimately, all classes bring children joy, a sense of satisfaction, understanding the significance of studying this area. It is impossible to raise a child without a personal example. Only a personal example gives rise to a sincere interest in children with intellectual disabilities. You can’t talk about being kind to others and at the same time be angry, irritated, you can’t talk about proper nutrition and at the same time jump up from the table, eat while standing. You can not talk about the dangers of certain products and at the same time eat them yourself. You can’t talk about the benefits of playing sports, but avoid it yourself. I go in for fitness, go to the swimming pool and participate in all the sports that take place within the walls of our school.
Summing up my work, I want to note that all the children of my group attend various creative associations and sports sections.
State Autonomous Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education "Institute for the Development of Education of the Republic of Tatarstan" Laboratory of Inclusive Education of the Institute of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan
Project work listeners within educational program"Modern requirements and technologies of psychological and pedagogical support for students with disabilities in the context of the introduction of the SFES"
"Formation of the need for a healthy lifestyle in children with disabilities"
(correctional) general education
boarding schools of the VIII type.
Scientific adviser: Morozova A.N.
senior methodologist of IRO RT.
Curator: Morozova A.N.
Senior methodologist of IRO RT.
Kazan 2015
Introduction
“Health is a treasure, and besides
the only one for which really
it is worth not only not to spare time, effort,
works and all sorts of benefits, but also to donate
for him a particle of life itself,
as life without it becomes
intolerable and humiliating."
Michel de Montaigne
The current state of health of all children, and even more so with intellectual disabilities, causes serious concern. Only 5% of school graduates are practically healthy, 40% of schoolchildren are chronically ill, 50% have morphophysiological deviations, instead of acceleration there is deceleration (a 20-fold increase in the number of undersized ones), annually up to 300 thousand young men do not go to military service for medical reasons. Up to 80% of children suffer from various neuropsychiatric disorders.
In the Concept of health protection forvillages of the Russian Federation in the transitional period of reformeconomy and social sphere, one of the priority tasks is to change the behavior of the population. This is due not only to diseases that lead to premature death of adults, but also to the growth of socially caused diseases in adolescents.According to the conducted studies, the prerequisites for behavior related toconsidered with a health risk are laid at the age of 18 years. Soin the Concepts of education and health protection, great importance is attached to strengthening thehealthcare cooperation with institutions yami education and first of all in institutions of a closed type (boarding schools). This is especially true for special Corr. 8 types of schools, because they have a special mode of life. But, given the peculiarities of physical development, the state nervous system and health of pupils of these schools, mode d must be protective. Therefore, the work of the teacher and educator should be aimed at strengthening the physical condition of children, their nervous system and health.
Of course, the reasons for the decline in the level of health are diverse: these are aggravated heredity, and ecological problems and social crisis. modern school with its increased physical and mental stress, it often has a sharp negative effect on the weakened body of children, causing maladjustment, provoking the growth of diseases. The choice of a healthy lifestyle for a child should be conscious. That is why any educational institution should become a “school of a healthy lifestyle” for pupils, where any of their activities (educational, sports, leisure, as well as eating, physical activity, etc.) will have a health-pedagogical orientation. This will contribute to the education of children's habits, and then the needs for a healthy lifestyle, the formation of skills for making independent decisions regarding the maintenance and strengthening of their health.
1. Relevance of the project:
The relevance of a healthy lifestyle (HLS) is caused by both an increase and a change in the nature of stress on the body in the conditions of modern life, which is associated with an increase in environmental, psychological and technogenic risks. Stress, malnutrition, physical inactivity, passion for computer games, "bad" habits accompany the life of a modern person.
The concept of "healthy lifestyle" has not yet been clearly defined. Representatives of the philosophical and sociological direction (P. A. Vinogradov, B. S. Erasov, O. A. Milshtein, V. A. Ponomarchuk, V. I. Stolyarov and others) consider a healthy lifestyle as a global social problem, constituent part the life of society as a whole. In the psychological and pedagogical direction (G. P. Aksenov, V. K. Balsevich, M. Ya. Vilensky, R. Dittles, I. O. Martynyuk, L. S. Kobelyanskaya, etc.), healthy lifestyle is considered from the point of view of consciousness, human psychology, motivation. There are other points of view (for example, biomedical), but there is no sharp line between them, since they are aimed at solving one problem - improving the health of the individual.
Health - the category of reserves of life, the viability of a person as an integral being in the unity of his bodily and mental characteristics. Such reserves, viability are formed in the process of education. And this is the area of pedagogy. So, health is a pedagogical category. Health is either strengthened or lost in the process of raising a person in the family and school.
From the foregoing, we can conclude that the current situation is complex and requires immediate action. In order to preserve the health of the child, it is necessary to unite the efforts of all adults surrounding him (parents, teachers, educators, doctors, etc.) in order to create an atmosphere around him filled with the needs, traditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. Thus, a certain culture of behavior and an appropriate lifestyle is formed from an early age.
And if the solution to the problem of healthy lifestyles is not addressed today, then there will be “probably” no one to think about it tomorrow. The priority areas in the work of the teaching staff were: maintaining and strengthening the health of schoolchildren, educating the internal need to lead a healthy lifestyle. Analyzing the current situation, there was a need to revise the formation of a healthy lifestyle and create the healthy lifestyle program.
A healthy lifestyle is a prerequisite for the development of other aspects of human life, the achievement of active longevity and the full implementation of social functions. As they say: "Health is not everything, but everything without health is nothing."
2.Goals and objectives of the project.
Objective of the project : formation of the pupils' need for a healthy lifestyle.
Project objectives:1. Mo formationmotivation and responsibility for maintaining one's ownhealth, ensuring a healthy lifestyle by creating an environment in the group that is conducive to strengthening health.
2. Organization of diverse and versatile activities of children in the formation of a physically healthy personality,
3. Development of an integral system of health saving and its application in order to radically improve the state and quality of health of all participants in the educational process;
Target group of the project: students of a special general education correctional boarding school of the VIII type
Project participants: administration, class teacher, educator, teachers, school psychologist, boarding school medical staff, students with disabilities, parents.
Location of the project: State budgetary special (correctional) educational institution for students, pupils with disabilities "Pestrechinskaya special (correctional) general education boarding school of the VIII type"
Project implementation timeline: 2013-2016 years.
Life cycle and stages of project implementation
I stage. Information and analytical - 2013-2014
II stage. Practical - 2014-2015
III stage. Practice-generalizing 2015-2016
Healthy lifestyle elements implemented through a set of actions in all major forms of human life :
labor,
public,
household,
leisure.
From elementary school in a special (correctional) boarding school of the 8th type, a certain culture of behavior and an appropriate lifestyle are formed. This is especially true when it comes to caring for the health of children with intellectual disabilities. When compiling the project, the mental deficiencies of children and age characteristics were taken into account. Therefore, the work consists of six sections and in each of them, classes are allocated for younger, middle and older ages.
The main principles of the project:
Humanization and democratization - determination of specific goals and objectives of education, upbringing and personal development, creation of a comfortable environment and conditions for its self-realization;
Compliance of goals, objectives of the content programs of national strategy, interests of the state and regional policy;
scientific - to introduce the advanced scientific experience of teachers in the creation of health-saving technologies;
Participation - attracting pupils to direct and conscious participation in purposeful activities to improve their body, rational use time, the implementation of sanitary and educational work;
Succession - ensuring an integrated approach to health education between different age groups;
Allocate three aspects of health or wellbeing:
physical,
mental (psycho-emotional)
social health
The way of life is formed by the society or group in which the person lives. Therefore, the formation of a healthy lifestyle is primarily an educational task. The program highlights the main components of a healthy lifestyle:
1.favorable social environment;
2. spiritual and moral well-being;
3.optimal motor mode (culture of movements);
4. hardening of the body;
5.rational nutrition;
6.personal hygiene;
7. Refusal of harmful addictions (smoking, drinking alcohol
drinks, drugs)
8.positive emotions.
Human health (a state of complete physical, spiritual and social well-being) depends on lifestyle (up to 70%), heredity (15%), environment (8-10%), medicine (8-10%). Therefore, the main task in preserving and strengthening the health of children is the formation of the need for a healthy lifestyle.
Main design lines
Based on the study of the works of V.V. Kolbanova, I.I. Sokovni-Semenova, B.N. Chumakov can be distinguished main components of a healthy lifestyle:
1. Rational nutrition.
Food should cover the body's energy costs, be complete in chemical composition and contain proteins, fats, carbohydrates (1-1-4), vitamins, mineral salts and trace elements, be chemically harmless and safe in terms of bacterial composition.
2. Optimal physical activity for the body.
The role of motor activity in determining human health has been known for a long time. The ancient Greek philosopher Plato considered movement to be "the healing part of medicine." The great Russian writer L. N. Tolstoy wrote “You must certainly shake yourself up physically in order to be morally healthy.”
3. Compliance with the daily routine (taking into account individual biorhythms).
I.N. Pavlov believed that the regime was based on a “dynamic stereotype”, i.e. regularly repeated activity, but not inert, monotonous, but dynamic, changing depending on the influence of the environment. This contributes to the development of the child's good adaptation to changing conditions. Be sure to perform only the main components of the daily routine (waking up and falling asleep, eating, walking). Other activities of children can be changed in time and duration. And if, in addition, the regimen is based on the characteristics of the individual “biorhythmological portrait” of the child, the systems of his body will be in better conditions for functioning.
4. Prevention of bad habits (or rejection of them) and the formation of good habits.
Good habits and hygiene habits are better fixed when they are realized. As for bad habits, the basis of their acquisition and getting rid of them is the will.
5. Increasing psycho-emotional stability.
Judging by the experiments, it is not active emotions that are especially dangerous for health, but passive ones - despair, anxiety, timidity, depression. In humans, these emotions often acquire a social connotation of guilt, regret, remorse.
That is why one of the components of health is considered positive thinking. Positive thinking is not an innate quality, it is achieved by hard training. It is important to teach a child to rejoice even in his small victory, and even more in someone else's luck.
6. "Meaningful life" (meaning of life).
It is directly related to health. Everything else - food, movement, and hygiene makes sense, only when a person has something to get out of bed every morning, if there is a task that no one else can do except him or better than him, there is an interest in the world, there is love at least for something.
When compiling the program, the following methods of research and influence were used.
Research methodsI: study, observation, experiment.
Methods of influence: verbal, practical, visual.
The need for widespread use verbal methods due to the fact that pupils with intellectual underdevelopment, especially children, have a limited vocabulary, and they do not understand the content of many words. Often a conversation is used, organized with the help of a system of questions, gradually leading them to the assimilation of new material. At partially search conversations, problem situations are created (questions are posed, tasks are offered), a collective discussion is organized.
Using the illustration method (showing posters, sketches on the board,
pictures, etc.) and demonstration method (demonstration of real objects,
experiments) allowed to increase the effectiveness of classes. Much attention is paid to the example method. In the classroom, the methods of "accustoming" and "exercise" are actively used. In order to increase the emotional background of the classes, we used didactic games (various topics and content), elements of visual activity, motor exercises.
When compiling the program, various educational and methodological literature was used. In the book " extracurricular activities in correctional classes "contains the development of a health day -" If you want to be healthy - try!", Lesson - advice - "How to learn to observe the regime of the day", compiled by G.P. Popova. Great methodological assistance was provided by the book by L.A. Obukhova et al. “New 135 Health Lessons, or the School of Doctors of Nature” (Teacher's Workshop). It contains a fully developed course for students with planning. A practical guide was the manual for educators "Organization and planning
educational work in a special boarding school, orphanage "Khudenko E.D.
The program is a synthesis of knowledge about the main factors of a healthy lifestyle and
includes 6 interrelated blocks of classes:
Each block of the program consists of three subsections. for three age student groups:
The average;
Senior;
Graduates;
Each age group has its own theme.
For example, section "Proper nutrition":
correct
nutrition.
middle link:
1. Nutrition is a necessary condition for life (conversation).
2.Healthy food for the whole family (presentation).
3. Nutrition is the basis of life (oral journal).
4. How to become Hercules? (distance travel).
5. Vegetables and fruits - vitamin products (conversation).
6.What are nutrients? (Questions and answers).
7. "Useful" and "harmful" products (crossword puzzle).
8. What do you know the rules of eating? (generalization of knowledge and skills).
9. What does a person need in food? (food rules)
senior level:
1. Healthy eating (question and answer hour).
2Peculiarities of nutrition by the seasons of the year (compilation of recommendations).
3. Home doctor (conversation with the "doctor").
4. The way of the pie (presentation).
5. Relationship between nutrition and disease (auction of opinions).
6. Health pantry in the forest, in the garden (correspondence trip).
7. "Evil products" (crossword puzzle).
8.Avitaminosis and exacerbation of chronic diseases (role-playing game).
9. Rational nutrition is the key to a healthy lifestyle (conversation).
Graduates:
1. Basic foods and human health (oral journal).
2. Reasonable diet (menu work).
3. Diet - pros and cons (auction of interests).
4. Rational nutrition is the key to a healthy lifestyle (conversation).
5.Avitaminosis and feeling unwell(doctor's advice).
6.Vitamins and chronic diseases ("hike" to a dietitian).
7. Analysis of the daily menu (workshop).
8. Product shelf life and my health (work with food packaging).
Work with students begins with the consolidation of basic knowledge about human nutrition in the form of conversations, game moments, entertaining moments, then in the senior level more attention is paid to practical and research work.
The number of children suffering from gastrointestinal diseases was analyzed.
no./p.
Types of diseases
Number of students
1.
Liver disease.
Gastrointestinal tract
25,0
Gastritis
25,0
Violation of the musculoskeletal system
Respiratory diseases
33,4
Total
12
100
From the data in the table it can be seen that almost every pupil (7 people) has gastrointestinal diseases. And most of these diseases are acquired.
In the course of extracurricular activities, a survey of children was conducted. Example "Your food preferences."
After analyzing this questionnaire, we got the following results: Diagram. 
Finally school year results have changed for the better:
Question 3
Question 2
Question 3
Option A
20%
31%
48%
Option B
33%
27%
50%
Option B
35%
16%
1%
Option D
2%
10%
1%
Option D
10%
7%
Option E
9%
Chapter I. Theoretical basis project implementation:
1.1
The first direction "Fundamentals of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle"
A healthy lifestyle is a rational lifestyle, an integral feature of which is vigorous activity aimed at maintaining and improving health. A way of life that promotes public and individual health is the basis for the prevention, protection and promotion of the health of the people.
1.2
The second direction "Education of culture of health"
Education of a culture of health - the creation of pedagogical conditions that ensure the development of the student's personality as a subject of health-improving activities in accordance with his interests, inclinations, abilities, value orientations for self-preservation of health, as well as knowledge, skills and habits of sound healthy lifestyle.
1.3
The third direction is "Prevention of bad habits".
A bad habit is a way of behavior fixed in a person, in relation to the person himself. The quality of life depends not only on the observance of the rules of a healthy lifestyle, but also on the habits that a person has at a particular age. The referral has a preventive effect on a number of bad habits such as smoking, alcohol and drug use.
1.4
The fourth direction "Mobile and educational games"
The game is a natural companion of a child's life and therefore meets the laws laid down by nature itself in developing organism child - his irrepressible need for cheerful movements. The advantage of mobile and developing games over strictly dosed exercises is that the game is always associated with initiative, fantasy, creativity, flows emotionally, and stimulates motor activity.
Chapter II. Project Implementation Mechanism
2.1 The structure of the complex of recreational and physical education activities used in the boarding school
(A) During educational process
PE lessons from 1
12th grade 2-3 times a week;
Outside of physical education classes:
Morning exercises;
moving change;
Physical education minutes.
(B) During extracurricular and
extracurricular work
Prevention:
colds;
Violation of posture;
Violation of vision.
Physical therapy classes from 1st to 6th grade
Two times per week
Health Days
and health lessons;
Classes in sports sections;
Carrying out sports
holidays.
2.2 Improving moments in the classroom and in the course of extracurricular and extracurricular activities:
Physical education minutes, dynamic pauses
Minutes of relaxation
Breathing exercises
Gymnastics for the eyes
Active point massage
2.3 Indicators (criteria for project performance, diagnostic methods) To solve the tasks set, the research method was used: analysis of methodological, psychological, pedagogical sources on the stated topic.
2.4 Expected results of the project implementation
In the course of work to improve the health of intellectually disabled children, a system has developed that has made it possible to record positive results: the incidence of children has decreased, a healthy lifestyle culture is being formed, and independent beliefs about health are being developed.
1. Acceptance of the value of health as one of the main values of a person will allow students with disabilities to focus their behavior on saving and strengthening the health of themselves and those around them;
2. Successfully adapt in the educational and social space;
3. Reveal Creative skills for students with disabilities;
4. To fully realize personal potential, increase success in sports.
As a result of active work to improve the health of children with intellectual disabilities
fulfill sanitary and hygienic requirements: observe personal hygiene and carry out hygiene procedures during the day;
carry out active recreational activities;
shape your health.
Students should know:
factors affecting human health;
causes of certain diseases;
causes of injuries and first aid rules;
types of hardening (staying in the fresh air, dousing, wiping, sunbathing) and the rules for hardening the body; the impact of hardening on the physical condition and strengthening of human health;
about the benefits of physical exercise for the harmonious development of a person;
main forms of physical activity and types of physical exercises.
Currently, a large number of healthy lifestyle measures have been developed. These are the radio line “Traveling around the city of Zdoroveysk”, the distance travel “Why teeth hurt”, the drawing competition “A healthy mind in a healthy body”, the lesson “Vegetables and fruits are vitamin products”, the presentation “If you want to be healthy!”, “Let's say no to drugs!”, “Smoking is harmful to health”, compiling a crossword puzzle “Evil products”, etc. The topics of the DRC (diagnostics, regulation and correction) carried out in the group: the health of students in the daily routine of the boarding school; the state and level of comfort of the student in the school and group.
She has repeatedly spoken at methodical associations and pedagogical councils with topics on healthy lifestyles (“The influence of psychoactive substances on a teenager”), we share our work experience “ Methodical piggy bank groups).
The problem of children's health is in the hands of our teachers, doctors, parents, and whatever socio-economic conditions surround us. Protecting the health of children is our top priority. Health will become a value for a child if: - He will form an interest in this problem; - Supported by entertaining, playful activities;
“Care for human health, especially the health of a child, is, first of all, concern for the harmonious fullness of all physical and spiritual forces, and the crown of this harmony is the joy of creativity.”
V.A. Sukhomlinsky
Conclusion
Thus, healthy lifestyle program provides a wide-ranging
health-saving culture of pupils, taking into account the possibilities
and conditions of the boarding school. It provides mechanisms for the transition
external culture of a healthy lifestyle into the internal culture of the personality of the pupil, primarily through the construction of a route for the development of the personality, the formation of the pupil's self-awareness. The program provides a link between the physical, moral, mental components of the child and the corresponding types of health. Taking into account the individual characteristics of the child, special approaches are selected for each child through non-standard, active forms and methods of education and upbringing
Literature:
1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation;
3. Law of the Russian Federation "On Education";
4. Sanitary norms and rules approved by the joint
Decree of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision;
5. Order 1418 dated May 15, 2001 of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation "On approval of the approximate regulation on the center for promoting the health of students, pupils of an educational institution."
6. V.V. Kolbanova, I.I. Sokovni-Semenova, B.N. Chumakova
"The main components of a healthy lifestyle in the educational process", M., 2003.
7 G.P. Popova. "Extracurricular activities in correctional classes", M., 2000.
8. L.A. Obukhova “New 135 Health Lessons, or the School of Doctors of Nature » Rotov on / D: Phoenix, 2009
9. E.D. Khudenko "Organization and planning of educational work in a special boarding school, orphanage", M., 2006.
10. Kvach N.V. Health-saving pedagogy. - M., "VLADOS", 2001.
11. The health of our children.// elementary School, No. 8.9 - 2004
Applications
Application No. 1
Healthy Lifestyle Formation System
FORMING A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Education of a culture of healthy lifestyle
Introduction of new technologies
Application No. 2
Questionnaire.
1. What foods do you like to eat? A) fruits B) flour products C) chips D) croutons E) other
2 .What drink do you prefer when buying? A) juice B) coca-cola C) sprite D) lemonade E) mineral water E) other drinks
3. Do you know the benefits or harms of these foods and drinks? A) Yes B) I have a vague idea C) I don’t know D) I don’t care
Program
extracurricular activities "Sport is health"
The purpose and objectives of the program:
Target: ensure the possibility of preserving the health of children during the period of schooling; to teach children to be healthy in body and soul, to strive to create their own health, applying knowledge and skills in accordance with the laws of nature, the laws of being.
Tasks:
to form in children the necessary knowledge, skills and habits for a healthy lifestyle;
form in children motivational sphere hygienic behavior, safe life, physical education;
ensure physical and mental self-development;
to teach how to use the acquired knowledge in everyday life;
achieve the need to comply with elementary rules of health conservation.
Program features
This program is built on the principles :
scientific ; which are based on an analysis of statistical medical research on the health status of schoolchildren.
Availability ; which determines the content of the course in accordance with the age characteristics of younger students.
Consistency ; defining the relationship and integrity of the content, forms and principles of the proposed course.
At the same time, it is necessary to highlight practical orientation course.
Providing Motivation
Being healthy means being happy and successful in your future adult life.
Classes are scientific and educational in nature.
The main activities of students:
discussion skills;
experiences;
a game.
The study of program material begins from the 1st grade at a level accessible to younger students, mainly in the form of educational games and in the process of practical activities. In addition, each separate section of the course includes additional activities:
learning and performing songs;
organization of outdoor games;
conducting experiments;
performing physical exercises, relaxation exercises, concentration of attention, development of imagination;
The organization of training sessions suggests that any activity for children should become a lesson in joy, revealing to each child his own individuality and reserve capabilities of the body, which provide an increase in the levels of working capacity and adaptability.
It should not be a "memorization" lesson, in which instead of achieving a healing effect, only an additional load is created. Each lesson should be a real lesson in "health".
The program is designed for children 7-10 years old, implemented for 4 years. The number of students is 10-15 people.