Every year, the FIPI official website publishes USE demos current year.
On August 21, 2017, draft documents regulating the structure and content of the KIM USE in 2018 were presented (including a demo version of the USE in literature).
There are documents that regulate the structure and content of KIM - a codifier and a specification.
Unified State Examination in Literature 2018 - demo version with answers and criteria from FIPI
Total tasks - 17; of them by type of tasks: with a short answer - 12; with a detailed answer - 5; by difficulty level: B - 12; P - 4; IN 1.
The maximum score for work is 57 (significant changes compared to last year).
Changes in the USE 2018 in literature compared to 2017
1. Improved and brought closer to OGE criteria evaluation of detailed answers.
2. Simplified algorithm of expert actions when evaluating detailed answers different types; greater transparency in the formation of marks for individual tasks and work as a whole (for an expert and an examinee) was ensured. The changes are aimed at improving the objectivity of assessment examination work and to strengthen the continuity between the forms of final control at different levels of school education.
3. Strengthened control over the quality of speech of the examinee (speech is assessed in response to all tasks).
4. The requirements for the performance of comparative tasks 9 and 16 have been clarified: in the instructions for them there is no requirement to justify the choice of an example for comparison, which is reflected in the criteria for their assessment.
5. The fourth task has been introduced in part 2 (the themes of essays vary taking into account the genre and generic diversity of literary material and the literary era).
6. The maximum score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 points.
7. The procedure for appointing 3 experts has been clarified.
8. Instructions for work and individual tasks have been improved (they more fully, consistently and clearly reflect the requirements of the criteria, give a clear idea of what actions and in what logic the examinee should perform)
The duration of the exam 2018 in literature
The duration of the exam in literature is 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes).
Distribution of KIM tasks by content, types of skills and methods of action
The list of content elements tested for the exam is presented in section 1 of the codifier. The list contains eight subsections. Based on subsection 1 "Information on the theory and history of literature", certain terms and concepts are used in the wording of tasks.
The remaining subsections distribute works fiction according to different literary eras:
From ancient Russian literature;
From the literature of the 18th century;
From the literature of the first half of XIX in.;
From the literature of the second half of the 19th century; -
from literature late XIX- the beginning of the 20th century;
From the literature of the first half of the 20th century;
From the literature of the second half of the 20th century - the beginning of the 21st century;
To compile the KIM USE, these subsections are combined into content blocks. In each version of the examination paper, there are necessarily tasks from three content blocks:
1) Old Russian literature, literature of the 18th century. and the first half of the 19th century;
2) literature of the second half of the 19th century;
3) literature of the late 19th century - early 21st century;
Starting from the new academic year 2017-2018, changes have been made to the system for passing the Unified State Exam in our country in several subjects. Rumors about the upcoming changes have been circulating for a long time. On the eve of the Minister of Education and Science Russian Federation Olga Vasilyeva confirmed this information. According to her, the changes will affect a number of subjects, including Unified State Examination in Literature 2018. School graduates will take the exam differently next year.
Innovations developed by FIPI (Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements) will radically change the very model of conducting final tests for schoolchildren. It is planned that now the exam will consist only of creative tasks. Model tests will be abolished.
Whether this will improve the quality of the check, time will tell. Teachers, the eleventh-graders themselves and their parents have already begun to thoroughly prepare for the exams in literature today. What changes in the passing of the exam in literature await graduates?
FIPI presented their official list:
- The requirement to justify the choice of an example for comparison was cancelled.
- A fourth was added to the three previous themes of the essay.
- The criteria for assessing the performance of tasks with a detailed answer have undergone strong changes.
- Immediately by 15 points (from 42 to 57 points) the maximum for the entire work increased.
Testing with one short answer, on which schoolchildren, especially three-year-olds, so often left, was canceled. Thus, there will be no chance to earn points on tests. According to the developers, such innovations are fully justified. Indeed, because of its simplicity and monosyllabism, the answer could be guessed.
With the help of tests of this type (there are 12 such questions in the current exam), knowledge of terminology in literary criticism was tested. In addition, experts believe that such testing is unnecessary. Since in a detailed written response, it is already necessary to operate with terms. And this is enough to test basic knowledge. Now, in order to successfully pass the unified state exam in literature, the guys will have to work hard.
Starting from 2018, assignments in literature will be aimed at testing graduates to present their thoughts beautifully and competently, to be able to reason based on the works they have read. Many tasks are related to the development of oral speech in schoolchildren and their vocabulary.
Increase in the number of optional tasks
Graduates will still be able to choose assignments for composition from the proposed options. If before there were only three tasks, now the list has increased to four. Thus, the choice has expanded, and the student can stop at interesting question to respond to the work.
Recall that earlier literature of three periods was proposed for the topic of the essay:
- from Old Russian to literature of the first half of the 19th century;
- second half of the 19th century;
- Russian literature of the XX century.
In 2018, the developers added works from the late 19th and early 21st centuries. Now the "latest" literature of our state is also included. This also includes works that have been born in the last ten years. The addition of the fourth topic of the essay is the most important innovation in the literature exam
The fact that the topics for essays were works of the post-Soviet period does not mean at all that graduates should read any specific authors (there are no mandatory names on the list). This innovation will allow the examiner, on the material of literary works of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, to reveal a given topic of his choice.
The volume of writing will grow
As for the minimum length of a detailed essay, it has become larger. This year it was enough to use 200 words in your answer. Next year, the number will increase by 50 to 250 words.
The requirements for mini-essays have changed. They have become clearer and more specific. If earlier it was necessary to write a text 5-10 sentences long. And, as you know, sentences are also short, of three words, for example.
They are also complex, using a large number of revolutions and introductory words. Now everything has become very clear. The length of the mini-story should be at least 50 words. This applies to any tasks related to both text analysis and comparative and contrast tasks.
Simplifying Matching Jobs
Next year, it was proposed to simplify tasks for comparison as much as possible. To show their reading outlook, graduates had to compare the text using two works. Now, one will be enough to justify your choice.
Evaluation criteria are specified
Experts have been thinking for a long time about the question of how to assess students' knowledge in full and as objectively as possible. After all, now there are no tasks with short answers that made the knowledge test automatic.
From 2018 for graduates criteria USE assessment proposed to be tightened. It is clarified that in addition to testing, which takes into account knowledge of terminology, the task should include five essays on selected topics
According to the developers, now a single exam will be as close as possible to the traditional version of passing a school exam. Perhaps, over time, the unified state exam will be completely canceled.
Specialists involved in the development of a new model of the Unified State Examination in Literature continue to work on a system for assessing knowledge in this subject. They hold meetings problematic issues, express opinions, try to find optimal solutions.
The new exam in literature has already been launched
Trial (experimental) exam in literature with some changes, which in this moment already officially approved, was held for the first time in academic year(2015-2016) in 13 subjects of the Russian Federation. More than 1000 students from 60 educational institutions took part in it.
It is worth noting that 94% of teachers of literature are the results of an experiment on the introduction of a new model conducting the exam satisfied on this subject. In their opinion, today this option for conducting the exam allows you to fully give an objective assessment of the knowledge of students.
But graduates need not worry. The updated exam is practically no different from the tests of previous years. Yes, and it is unlikely that the state exam in literature will become more difficult. It will not cause any difficulties for graduates.
Already, on the Internet, developers have published a demo version of the Unified State Examination in Literature 2018 with answers and criteria. Future graduates, parents, teachers and all interested persons can familiarize themselves with the demo version and understand the structure of control and measuring materials, the number of tasks, their form and level of complexity. This gives a general idea of the requirements that will apply to the answers to the exam in literature.
Video news
The Unified State Examination in Literature is not included in the list of mandatory examination tests for school graduates, but is required for admission to many universities for popular specialties: journalism, philology, television, acting and others. “I will solve the exam in literature” online - the ability to effectively prepare for the exam by completing tests on various topics.
This exam, according to surveys of graduates, is considered one of the most difficult. There are several reasons: it is necessary to operate with a huge amount of information, you need to write an essay, a lot of time is given (about 4 hours), and it is not enough to successfully complete all the tasks.
How to solve these problems?
- Master the theory so that you can confidently use it during the examination;
- Learn how to manage your exam time effectively.
- To master the skills of writing high-quality essays on a given topic, to succinctly formulate an idea.
- The main thing is to set a clear and precise goal. The goal is the result to which you are going. To present the desired result, you need to make a list of preferred universities where you plan to enter - each has its own passing score, which in the most prestigious educational institutions reaches 80.
- Take the necessary textbooks for reviewing literary theory. In order for the preparation to be systematic and thorough, it is recommended to start by familiarizing yourself with - it specifically indicates all the points that you should pay attention to.
- Use all resources for preparation, do not neglect school education.
- In the matter of writing an essay, training and the help of a teacher or tutor who will check the essay, give his recommendations, and help analyze mistakes is necessary.
The structure of the test includes tasks that can be divided into two types: testing and writing.
- The questions of the first part require knowledge of the theory and literature of different centuries - from antiquity to the present. Awareness in events, characters, characters, issues, styles of works is assumed. Testing involves choosing the correct option from those offered. More difficult questions relate to the establishment of correspondences, analysis of the poem, the examinee is given a fragment literary work and assignments to be completed. The biggest problem is working with poems, determining the means of artistic expression.
- The second part involves the formulation of one's own opinion in the form of an essay on a given topic. From the proposed options for topics, you can choose the appropriate one - there are three of them, according to the periods of development of literature: Old Russian, classical, and the latest literature. The criteria for evaluating an essay are: the completeness of the disclosure of the topic, the logic of constructing the text, the possession of terminology, factual accuracy, the ability to argue.
Changes in the system of conducting the Unified State Exam in 2018 have been known for a long time. For the first time, the former head of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Litvinov, announced big changes. In particular, innovations will affect USE in Literature 2018.
The new exam, which will be taken by all graduates of the 2017-2018 academic year, will consist entirely of creative assignments. According to the current Minister of Education of Russia Olga Vasilyeva, next year a new promising model of the unified state exam, specially developed by leading specialists of the FIPI Institute, will come into force.
FIPI has finished testing the new model of the unified state exam in literature and 2018 graduates will already take the exam in a completely new way.
Employees Federal Institute pedagogical measurements took drastic measures, completely excluding test items from KIM. What other innovations await the already anxious 11th graders?
There will be no more short answer questions.
To begin with, let's figure out which are the most important in literature. So, as mentioned above, the tests were extracted from the exam.
The reasons for such a step were found - according to the developers of the new method, the tests do not represent any difficulty for the graduate, being an extra element of assessment. AT test tasks there is a high probability of “guessing” the correct answer, which the FIPI experts in no way agree with.
In the Unified State Examination in Literature, there will no longer be open-ended test questions, where the student is required to answer in one word or in the form of digital sequences.
Today's exam has twelve such questions from total number. Most of these questions test the graduate's knowledge of the basic terms of literary criticism.
However, schoolchildren these days are well versed in these points. In addition, tasks that require detailed written answers are already designed to operate with terms, so additional verification of this knowledge is not required.
To the great sadness of graduates, they lose the guaranteed opportunity to score points on mere thorough knowledge of terminology. In addition, the strategy of C students to get off with "little blood" completely collapses, that is, to do only one part with tasks that require short answers. Starting in 2018, every examinee will be expected to demonstrate the ability to communicate clearly and beautifully.
Increase in the number of optional tasks
From now on, graduates will have a wider choice of options: instead of three tasks for a detailed essay, there will be four. That is, you will need to take one topic from an increased list. Having received this or that work for the “big” essay, the student can choose which question it will be more interesting for him to answer.
The volume of writing will grow
In the "main" essay, the minimum amount of required text will be increased. In the current exam in literature, the minimum volume is 200 words, but in a year it will be necessary to “put” at least 250 words on paper.
Also, the developers of the new method came to the decision to specify the requirements for mini-essays. If now there are no strict conditions regarding the number of words in such essays (when writing mini-essays there is a recommendation of 5-10 sentences), then by 2018 the FIPI plans to set a minimum length of 50 words. This requirement will apply to both comparative tasks and text analysis tasks.
Simplifying Matching Jobs
The changes also affected the tasks for the so-called "immersion in the literary context." If today in the Unified State Examination in Literature it is proposed to compare a text with two texts, thereby showing your horizons as a reader, then in 2018 it is proposed to abolish the task, mentioning only one text for comparison.
Evaluation criteria are specified
Now, when there are no tasks with short answers in the Unified State Examination in Literature, automatic verification has become impossible. In light of this, before the developers of a promising method single exam in literature, an important task arose - how to achieve the most objective assessment of a student's knowledge?
Now the Unified State Examination in Literature consists of five essays, which brings it closer to the “traditional” school final exam. Experts approached the matter seriously, various meetings are held, where wishes and suggestions are expressed for the approach to evaluating works. Presumably, by the time of delivery, we will know the final decision of the FIPI specialists.
The new exam in literature has already been launched
In the academic year 2015-2016 was held trial exam in the literature with some modifications. More than 1,000 schoolchildren from 60 educational institutions in 13 subjects of the Federation.
In the course of testing a new approach to passing the exam in literature, it was found that 94% of teachers were in favor of introducing an updated exam. In addition, experts emphasize the fact that the new model is not too different from the previous one in its complexity. In other words, schoolchildren should not worry - a fundamentally more difficult passing the exam in literature in 2018 will not.
USE test in literature-2018 acquired the most creative character - in connection with the improvement of KIMs, the exam format was updated, and the main emphasis was placed on testing the ability to correctly, consistently and beautifully express thoughts.
At the same time, according to specialists from the FIPI, it should not become fundamentally more difficult for graduates to pass the exam. After all, they were given a wide choice of topics for writing, the conditions of assignments for “immersion” in the context were changed - they would have to compare half as much. And for those for whom writing essays is not a problem, the new USE model will appeal to them.
Exam Structure Changes
Radical changes have affected tickets for literature- now they do not contain tasks with open answers and, as a result, automatic verification of knowledge is excluded.
With 2018 The exam will be a "set" of five essays, which brings its format as close as possible to the standard school exam.
At preparing do not ignore the use USE demos in literature- last year's version has already lost its relevance, but a version corresponding to the updated format has been developed and published. And do not limit yourself to just a superficial study of the meaning of the work, learn to understand as deeply as possible the essence of the problem that the author raises, find a connection between the plot and the experiences of the heroes of the work, defend and justify your opinion that arose after reading.
Works required for the exam
Number of works :
- poetry - more than 150 poems and 9 poems;
- novels - 11;
- plays - 6;
- stories - 4;
- stories - within 20.
A specific list can be found in .
How to prepare for writing an essay
Despite the small size of the examination essay, it is not easy for many to write it: excitement and lack of experience in creating written works.
To ensure that the exam runs smoothly, preparing certain rules must be followed:
- write as much as possible, write regularly;
- build your own unique template, on the basis of which you will create essays on various topics;
- delve into the problems of the work;
- write cards for each work or author;
- write down all the successful phrases and quotes that can be used for writing;
- train online.