Russia or the Russian Federation is a unique country that combines European and Asian features. The map of Russia is striking: the country occupies a vast territory of 17 million km 2 and is located simultaneously on the territory of Northern Asia and Eastern Europe.
143 million people live in Russia. The Russian Federation is a kind of "melting pot of nations": representatives of more than 200 nationalities live here. Country is federal republic with a presidential form of government. The territory of the country is divided into 46 regions, 9 territories, 21 republics, 4 autonomous regions, one autonomous region and 2 cities. federal significance. It is noteworthy that the Kaliningrad region is located on the territory of the European Union and has no borders with the Russian Federation.
Today Russia is one of the dynamically developing states that make world politics. The Russian Federation is a member of numerous world political organizations such as the UN and the G8. Despite the relative stability and significant development of the country after the fall of the Soviet regime, the Russian economy is largely dependent on energy resources, in particular on oil and gas prices.
The capital of Russia is Moscow - one of the most expensive and beautiful cities in the world.
History reference
The Russian Federation is the successor of several states. The country traces its history back to 862, when Kievan Rus was formed. In the 12th century, numerous Russian principalities were located on the territory of Russia, which in the 15th century merged into Russian state. Since 1721, Tsar Peter I created Russian empire. In 1917, the revolutionary movement of socialism overthrew the monarchical regime and formed first the Russian Republic, then the RSFSR, and in 1922 the USSR.
During the Soviet regime, the country was separated from other countries of the world by the "Iron Curtain", some of the consequences of which have not yet been eliminated. In 1991, the USSR collapsed and the Russian Federation appeared.
must visit
Russia is a country on the territory of which there are many cultural, historical and natural monuments. It is recommended to visit the business and cultural centers of the country - Moscow and St. Petersburg, Lake Baikal, the cities of the "Golden" and "Silver" rings, Orthodox monasteries and temples, the Caucasus Reserve, the volcanoes of Kamchatka and much more.
Interactive map of Russia- a modern and convenient way to find desired card any region or city. This map allows you to view cities both in satellite mode and in schematic map mode. You can watch from a satellite with the ability to zoom in on any city and switch between different providers and map types. Additional services are available - real-time cloud photos, traffic jams (only for major cities), photos of the area, a weather layer with a display of the current weather for each locality, and a brief forecast for the next 4 days.
For most objects on the map of Russia - Google Maps satellite photos are considered the best in quality
The quality of satellite photography often varies by region, as satellite images need to be constantly updated. Therefore, different providers may have different photo quality for a particular city or region. However, the best quality photos in most cases are taken by Google Maps. Photos of Yandex maps are often worse in quality, but they can be newer, so for new buildings you can get by with Yandex. OVI maps - surprisingly in some cases it has better photos even than in Google Maps,
Open Street Maps
OSM is a phenomenon of the modern computer society, because the map is made up of ordinary people (volunteers, volunteers), (unlike the 2gis map and others). But despite this, OSM is considered the most accurate and detailed map not only for Russia, but for the whole world. Even such giants as Yandex or Google cannot map as accurately and efficiently as a community of enthusiastic amateur cartographers does. New buildings (namely, it is easy to determine the relevance and "freshness" of the map by them) are almost always present on OSM (and even the foundations of new buildings), while in Google and Yandex they may be present alternately, or not present at all. In addition, Open Street Maps is probably the only map that displays paths in parks and forests and many other additional objects that are usually not available on other services.
Russia - physical map one file, which shows the largest cities, the main ranges and plains. The map is very clear and easy to understand, although not detailed enough.
Physical card - option 2
Detailed map of Russia with regions
Our vast homeland is divided into regions, regions, republics, and so on. To better navigate you will need a detailed and large map with areas Russian Federation.
List of maps of regions of Russia:
Map with major cities of Russia
List of maps of major Russian cities on our website:
A look at the map of Russia
How to get more complete information about Russia and get to know it better? There are several ways to do this:
- discover and explore her;
- read books about geography, history and customs of the peoples inhabiting this country;
- come and live here for a few months.
And for the most complete immersion, it is better to use all three paths. At least then it will be possible to say that the first acquaintance with the Russian Federation happened to mutual satisfaction.
What can be learned from the map of Russia?
Why only the first meeting? Yes, simply because how can you quickly recognize a country that occupies 1/8 of the land on our planet? How to quickly get acquainted with the largest state in the world by area?
So before us map what can we learn from it? At the first glance at the map, it is clear that Russia is freely spread over two parts of the world: Europe and Asia. Immediately striking is the huge area of the country, stretching along the continent of Eurasia.
You can even roughly determine that about 1/3 of the country's territory is in Europe, and Asia belongs to a little more than 2/3. Most of Russia is located beyond the Arctic Circle, and the Northern Planetary Zone owns approximately 68% of its area.
Looking at the map, you can even count the number of states with which Russia borders. There are 18 such states: from Norway in northern Europe to North Korea in the east of Asia. Russia has maritime borders with two more countries - the United States and Japan.
Water resources of the country on the map
The Russian Federation is considered the country with the largest water resources. And it really is, Russia map You can see a huge number of rivers and lakes. If you look into the encyclopedia, you can find out from it that there are more than 120 thousand rivers, and more than 2 million lakes.
Surely many are familiar with the largest Russian rivers: the Volga and Lena, the Amur and the Irtysh, the Yenisei and the Ob. There is on the territory of the country the largest lake in the world with fresh water- This is Baikal. There is a huge salt lake, which is called the sea for its large size - this is the Caspian Sea.
Russia is washed by the seas of three oceans of our planet:
- in the north is the harsh North Arctic Ocean and the Barents, White, Kara, Laptev, East Siberian and Chukchi seas. It is difficult for ships to navigate these seas, since drifting ice is present in them for almost the entire year;
- in the west - the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic, Azov and Black seas;
- in the east - Pacific Ocean and its Bering, Okhotsk and Japanese seas.
Extreme geographic points of Russia on the map
See for yourself: the northernmost continental point is Cape Chelyuskin, it is located on the Taimyr Peninsula. The same extreme northern point, only an island, is called Cape Fligeli, it is located on an island in the Franz Josef archipelago.
The southern boundary of the continent of Eurasia and Russia is a point on the main Caucasian ridge on the border between Dagestan and Azerbaijan.
Next, look west. There, in the Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad, on the spit is the westernmost point of Russia. On the opposite side of the map, in the east, is Cape Dezhnev, which is considered the extreme continental point. And the extreme island point is on Rotmanov Island, located near America in the Bering Strait.
Due to the large length of Russia from east to west, its entire territory is divided into 10 time zones. In sparsely populated areas, their borders run along the meridians, and where there is a lot of population, they are drawn along the borders of administrative entities.
How are the borders
The length of the borders of the Russian Federation exceeds 60 thousand km, of which about 20 thousand km are land borders, and the rest are sea borders. It is generally accepted that maritime border passes at a distance of 22.7 km from land. And the space limited by the distance from the coast of 370 km is considered the maritime economic zone of the country.
Vessels can be located in this space, limited by a 370 km zone. different countries but the right to mine Natural resources only the Russian Federation has.
Russia is the largest state on the planet, located in the northeast of Eurasia at the junction of two parts of the world. detailed map Russia demonstrates that it is here that the two extreme points of the continent are located: the northern one - Cape Dezhnev on the Taimyr Peninsula and the eastern one - Cape Chelyuskin on the Chukotka Peninsula.
Russia is washed by 14 seas belonging to the Pacific, Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the endorheic Caspian sea-lake.
In addition to continental territories, Russia has many archipelagos and large individual islands. The largest island in the country is Sakhalin. Its area is 76600 km2.
The largest archipelago is the islands of Novaya Zemlya - the total area exceeds 83,000 km 2.
The area of Russia is 17125191 km 2, which is almost 2 times larger than the closest competitor on the list - Canada. From west to east, Russia on the world map stretches for almost 10,000 km, while its average width from south to north is about 2000-3000 km.
The total length of the country's land borders is 37,653 km - another absolute record, as is the number of neighboring countries.
In total, Russia recognizes 15 countries as its terrestrial neighbors and 3 through coastal waters. In the northwest, the country borders with Norway and Finland, in the west - with Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus and Ukraine, in the southwest - with Georgia, Azerbaijan and partially recognized South Ossetia and Abkhazia. The southern border with Kazakhstan is represented by the longest section at 5936 km. In the southeast, Russia has China, Mongolia as neighbors, as well as through river and sea territories - Japan and the DPRK. The only northeastern neighbor of the country across the Chukchi Strait is the United States.
Geographical position
Russia can be divided into two parts: European (about a quarter of the country) and Asian. The European part is mainly represented by the Russian or East European Plain, the average height of which is about 200 meters. To the south of the plain are the highest Caucasian mountains in Russia. On the map of Russia in Russian, you can find the highest mountain in the country - Elbrus (5642 m). The low Ural Mountains (1000-1500 m), the Russian plain is separated from the less inhabited West Siberian Plain, to the east passing into the Central Siberian Plateau (350-800 m). To the south, on the border with Mongolia, are the Altai Mountains, the beginning of a mountain range that stretches northeast along the Pacific coast. Most regions of Russia are rich in inland waters. Many large rivers flow through the country. About 100 of them have a length of more than 1000 km.
There are more than 2,000,000 lakes in Russia. And the largest lake - Baikal - is the largest fresh water reservoir on the planet in terms of volume.
Fauna and flora of Russia
The flora and fauna of the country is extremely rich. The extreme northern regions are poor in vegetation and animals. The most common here are polar bears, arctic foxes, walruses, seals, partridges and loons. But most of Russia (more than 60% of the territory) is occupied by taiga zones. Coniferous trees are abundant here: fir, spruce, pine and larch. Animal world taiga is represented by bears, lynxes, wolves, wolverines, beavers, deer and elks. To the south there is a strip of mixed and broad-leaved forests, the main plant species of which are birch, pine, spruce, linden, oak and aspen. Steppe and semi-desert regions are often found along the southwestern borders of the country. Birds of prey, steppe wolves, foxes and antelopes are widespread here. Subtropical forests in Russia are represented by a small area on the northeastern coast of the Black Sea.
Climate of Russia
The climate of Russia is one of the most diverse in the world. In the Asian part of the country, winters are the most severe. The average January temperature here can reach -23-24°C. Average summer temperatures rarely exceed 15-17°C. Winters in the northwestern part of the country, as well as in the steppe regions, are similar in temperature - about -14-16 ° С. But in summer, the north of the European part of the country, unlike the steppes, cannot boast of high temperatures of 13-15°C. The center of the European part is represented by a temperate continental climate with corresponding temperatures: about -9°C in winter and 18-20°C in summer. The hottest region is the southwestern part of Russia. In winter, the temperature rarely drops below -5°C, and in summer it reaches 24-25°C on average. The difference in rainfall is not that significant. In the lower reaches of the Volga, the average rainfall barely reaches 200 mm, but in the rest of Russia this figure is 500-800 mm per year. The exceptions are high-mountainous regions - here precipitation can fall up to 1800 mm.
Map of Russia with cities. Administrative division of the country
Russia is divided into 85 subjects, among which there are regions, republics, territories, autonomous regions, autonomous region and subjects of federal significance. A map of Russia with cities in Russian clearly demonstrates that up to 80% of the population lives in the European part of the country, whose area is about 35% of the total. The largest subject of Russia - the Republic of Yakutia - is comparable in size to India, but more than a thousand times inferior to it in population density.
Moscow- capital and The largest city Russia. It is located in the central part of the Russian Plain, 400 km from the western border. It is the political and economic center of the country. The key transport and trade hub of Russia.
In the northwestern part of the country, on the shores of the Baltic Sea, the second largest and most important city is located - St. Petersburg. Like the capital, it is a city of federal significance. In addition, it is the northernmost city in the world with a population of over a million people.
Novosibirsk located closer to the geographical center of the country, but shifted to the southern border. Is the largest Russian city in Asia. The economic and industrial center of the entire Asian part of the country.
At the southern end of the Ural Range is the city Yekaterinburg- the main transport hub connecting the Asian and European parts of Russia. One of the largest centers of heavy industry and engineering in the country.