Test tasks in chemistry (compiled by Ivanova Marina Pavlovna)
1.The principle of contradiction.
1) The core is integral part atom: a) with electrons; b) without electrons.
2) With a small increase in pressure, the solubility of gases in water:
a) is increasing b) does not increase.
3. Changing the pressure on the state chemical equilibrium in the N2+O2=2NO system:
a) will affect b) will not affect
2. The principle of opposition.
1. The oxidation state of an element during oxidation: 1) increases; 2) goes down.
2. With a slight increase in pressure, the solubility of gases in water: a) increases b) decreases
3. Electrons in an atom are: a) inside the nucleus
b) outside the nucleus
3. The principle of homogeneity.
1. Isotope nuclei have different numbers:
a) protons b) neutrons
2. Ammonium nitrate - fertilizer:
a) sour b) alkaline
3. What gas is the most in the composition of the Earth's atmosphere:
a) nitrogen b) oxygen c) hydrogen
4. The principle of cumulation.
1. When iodometry determine the content:
a) oxidants
b) oxidizing and reducing agents
c) oxidizing agents, reducing agents and acids.
2. The heat capacity of the reaction can be:
a) positive
b) negative
c) positive and negative
3. What properties does iodide ion exhibit in OVR:
a) only an oxidizing agent c) only a reducing agent
b) neither an oxidizing agent nor a reducing agent d) both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent
5. The principle of combination.
1. Which of these particles form the nuclei of atoms?
a) neutrons and electrons c) neutrons and protons
b) protons and electrons d) neutrons, protons and electrons
2. Aqueous solutions electrolytes conduct electricity due to:
a) cations and electrons c) only electrons
b) anions and electrons d) and cations and anions
3. Atoms of which elements contain 2 neutrons:
A) protium and tritium c) helium and tritium
B) protium and helium d) protium, helium and tritium
6. The principle of graduation.
1. In the series of chemical elements C-AL-Ca, the number electronic layers in their atoms:
a) increases from 3 to 5
b) increases from 2 to 4
c) decreases from 4 to 2
d) decreases from 5 to 3
2. What is the oxidation state of zinc in the zincate ion ZnO2:
A) +4, b) +3, c) +2, d) +1.
3. The process of sulfur recovery corresponds to the transformation:
A) 0…-2 b) 0…+4 c) +4…+6 d) -2…+4
7. The principle of double opposition.
1. In the series of oxides N2O5 - SiO2 - BeO - CaO, a change in properties occurs:
a) from acidic to basic b) from basic to amphoteric
b) from basic to acid d) from acid to amphoteric
2. Substances whose formulas RbF, HF, F2 are formed chemical bonds respectively:
a) covalent non-polar, covalent polar, ionic
b) ionic, covalent non-polar, polar covalent
c) ionic, non-polar covalent, polar covalent
d) ionic, polar covalent, covalent non-polar
3. Combustion of ammonia is a reaction:
1) catalytic, endothermic
2) catalytic, exothermic
3) non-catalytic, exothermic
4) non-catalytic, endothermic
8. The principle of facet.
1. hydrochloric acid a) refer
nitric acid) soluble acids b) do not belong to the group
sulfuric acid
2. Zn, Cu, Sn) belong to the side subgroup a)
b) do not apply
Nitrogen) to substances molecular structure a) are
Hydrogen b) do not apply
9. Principle of implication.
1. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers increases the content of:
a) phosphates c) carbonates
b) sulfates d) nitrates
2. If as a result of a reaction from 2 complex substances two complex reactions are formed, then the type of reaction:
a) substitution c) addition
b) exchange d) decomposition
3. With an increase in pressure in the N2 + O2 = 2NO system, the chemical equilibrium:
A) move to the left
B) move to the right
B) will not change
10. Principle of formulation.
1. A chemical element is:
a) an indivisible particle
b) a set of atoms of the same type
c) the type of atoms
2. Oxides are:
a) compound substances
b) substances consisting of metal and oxygen atoms
c) substances consisting of atoms of non-metals and oxygen
d) substances consisting of 2 different atoms, one of which is oxygen.
3. A simple substance is:
A) the form of existence of a chemical element
B) substances, the number of which is greater than chemical elements
C) a substance made up of one type of atom
11. A combination of principles.
1. 1. oxygen has a crystal lattice: a) atomic
( 2. graphite ) b) ionic
3. aluminum c) metal
d) molecular
2. 1. CaCL2 a) covalent polar
2. H2O) has a bond: b) ionic
3. AL c) metal
d) covalent non-polar
3. Ar a) S-elements
( Te ) refer to: b) P-elements
Test task in chemistry on the topic "Review of non-metals" (Grade 11) Name: Timokhina Alena VladimirovnaPosition: teacher of biology, chemistryPlace of work: MOBU "Rassvetskaya secondary school" them. V. V. LapinaThe goal is to replicate the physical and chemical properties of non-metals.Tasks:1. Educational - to study the properties and production of non-metals;2. Educational - the role of non-metals in nature;3. Developing - compare the properties of non-metals. Test
- A chemical element that has the following isotopes: protium, deuterium, tritium.
- Oxygen Sulfur Hydrogen Phosphorus
- In the redox reaction Hydrogen is.
- Strong oxidizing agent Neutral Oxidizing agent, reducing agent Strong reducing agent
- The degree of oxidation of Hydrogen with metal compounds.
- +1
– 1
– 2
+2
- Continue the sentence: “When a mixture of 2 volumes of hydrogen is ignited with 1 volume of oxygen, the combination of gases occurs instantly and is accompanied by a strong explosion.” What is this mixture? Write the reaction equations following the chain.
- Name the chemical element corresponding to the following statement: "A typical non-metal, which is not characterized by reducing properties."
- Oxygen Chlorine Fluorine Sulfur
- Select general properties characteristic of halogens?
- Mostly have an oxidation state of - 1 interact with simple substances All exhibit both oxidizing and reducing properties. The halogens are - F 2
,
Cl 2
,
I 2
,
Br 2
,
At
- Name a chemical element that has the following physical properties: a colorless, odorless gas that is heavier than air.
- Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen Carbon
- Write the reaction equation that is used to produce oxygen in the laboratory. Select physical property, whichnot
corresponds to Sere.
- fragile crystals yellow color
Soluble in water It has allotropic modifications: rhombic, plastic It dissolves well in carbon disulfide, benzene
- A chemical element that has the following allotropic modifications: diamond, graphite, coal.
- Sulfur Carbon Phosphorus Selenium
- Correlate the half-reactions of ions and the reaction equations in the redox process.
BUT) S+6+2e = S+4
- Add the reaction equations (for redox reactions, write the OB balance).
- Solve the problem: Oxygen was obtained from potassium permanganate 7.9 g, which reacted with magnesium. What mass of magnesium oxide will be obtained in this case? Solve the problem: In the interaction of 14.2 g of chlorine with 1 g of hydrogen, hydrogen chloride is obtained HCl
Answers to test tasks
1.
in2.
G3.
b4.
explosive gas5.
2
H 2
+
O 2
= 2
H 2
O 2H 2 O + CaH 2 \u003d 2H 2 + Ca (OH) 2 H 2 + CuO \u003d H 2 O + Cu 6.
in7.
abg8.
a9.
10.
b11.
b12.
BUT -1.4; B - 1; IN 2; G - 3.13. a)
b)
in)
G)
e)
e)
g)
14.
Oxygen was obtained from potassium permanganate 7.9 g, which reacted with magnesium. What mass of magnesium oxide will be obtained in this case? 
15.
When 14.2 g of chlorine reacted with 1 g of hydrogen, hydrogen chloride was obtained HCl . Determine: a) the mass of the resulting hydrogen chloride; b) what gas will remain in excess and the mass of this excess.
Bibliography
- Rudzitis G.E. Chemistry. Fundamentals of General Chemistry. Grade 11: textbook. for general education institutions / G. E. Rudzitis, F. G. Feldman. - 14th ed. – M.: Enlightenment, 2011. – 159 p. Lydia R.A. Chemical properties inorganic substances: Proc. allowance for universities. 3rd ed., Rev./R.A. Lidin, V.A. Milk, L.L. Andreeva; Ed. R.A. Lidina. - M.: Chemistry, 2000. 480 s: N. L. Glinka. general chemistry
Khomchenko I. G. Collection of tasks and exercises in chemistry for high school. - 2nd ed., corrected. and additional - M.: RIA "New Wave": Publisher Umerenkov, 2011. - 214 p.
There are only 26 Voros in the tests. Given a question and a correct answer.
School curriculum tests in chemistry
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liquid metal? (Mercury) |
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What are substances that are made up of atoms of the same type called? (simple) |
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Color of phenolphthalein in alkalis? (Crimson) |
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A gas that supports combustion? (Oxygen) |
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What is the name of the smallest particle of a substance that determines its properties? (Molecule) |
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The volume of one mole of gas? (22.4l) |
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Who discovered the law of conservation of mass of matter? (Lomonosov) |
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The gas that is used to cut and weld metals? (Oxygen) |
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The smallest indivisible particle of elements? (Atom) |
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The most common element on earth? (Oxygen) |
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What are salts of sulfuric acid called? (sulphates) |
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Who discovered the periodic law? (Mendeleev) |
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What gas is the most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere? (Nitrogen) |
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Which acid is saltier, sulfuric acid or carbonic acid? (sulphuric) |
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What is the composition of a water molecule (water formula)? (H2O) |
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What is the valency of oxygen? (2) |
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What is the formula for nitric acid? ( HNO-3) |
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The lightest gas? (Hydrogen) |
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What is the name of the number that is written in front of the formulas? (Coefficient) |
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Specify acid-free acid: sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric. (salt) |
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Substances that change the rate of chemical reactions? (Catalysts) |
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How much aggregate states by the water? (Three) |
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A unit of measure for the amount of a substance? (Moth) |
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At what temperature does pure water boil? (100) |
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The gas needed for breathing? (Oxygen) |
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formula for oxygen? (O-2) |
Chemistry test
I. Expand the essence of the periodic law of D. I. Mendeleev in the light of the theory of the structure of the atom.
1. Specify the name of the element forming amphoteric compounds:
c) sodium.
2. Designate the element that is part of the main subgroup:
a) calcium
b) iron
3. Determine the number of electrons that can be contained in f - sublevel of the electron shell:
4. Establish a correspondence between the number of electrons in the external energy level and the name of the chemical element:
a) 1, 1. potassium,
b) 2, 2. chlorine,
c) 3, 3. phosphorus,
d) 5. 4. aluminum,
5. Set the sequence of increasing charge of the nucleus of elements:
b) sodium
c) rubidium,
d) actinium.
6. Set the correspondence between the element symbol and its name:
a) Al, 1. magnesium,
b) Na, 2. nitrogen (nitrogen),
c) N, 3. mercury,
d) Hg. 4. aluminum,
5. sodium.
7. Designate the elements that can show valency II:
a) sodium
b) calcium,
c) aluminum.
d) magnesium
e) purple,
d) iron.
8. Designate the element of the second group:
b) carbon (carbon),
c) aluminum
9. Determine molecular weight CaCo3 compound:
10. Choose a characteristic of the composition of a molecule of a simple substance:
a) is made up of one type of atom
b) consists of atoms of different types,
c) contains only two atoms.
d) contains only one atom.
11. Indicate the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom at number 20:
II Methane. Describe the structure of molecules, properties and applications.
1. Designate the valency of carbon in organic compounds:
at four,
2. Designate the homologous difference in homologous series alkanes:
3. Specify the molecular formula of methane:
4. Specify the possible combustion products of methane:
a) oxygen
c) carbon dioxide
5. Specify the properties characteristic of methane:
a) gaseous
b) liquid
c) explosiveness,
d) lighter than air
e) good solubility in water.
6. Indicate possible products during the decomposition of methane:
a) molecular hydrogen
b) atomic hydrogen,
7. characteristic reaction methane has:
a) substitutions
b) joining,
c) exchange.
d) polymerization.
8. According to the structure of molecules, methane is:
a) an alkyne
b) alkene,
c) an alkane
d) cyclans.
9. Specify the general molecular formula of the homologous series of alkanes:
b) Сu H2n - 2bb
d) Сu H2n - 4.
10. Designate the compounds with which methane reacts:
11. Methane is used as a raw material in the processes:
a) oxidation,
b) recovery,
c) polymerization,
d) synthesis of new substances,
In this section, we have collected examples of tasks school olympiads in chemistry for 8th grade students. Included training tasks includes test questions and tasks for the smartest. The tasks of the Olympiad in Chemistry differ from the usual tasks for control and independent work. They help students improve their knowledge and generalize the studied program material.
Teachers can use these tasks in the classroom both for conducting tests and for preparing students for the Olympiad. This page offers tasks with answers, which means that students can use them on their own. The correct answers and solutions are written at the bottom of the page so as not to distract the student in the process of solving.
Chemistry Olympiad Grade 8
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Test tasks in chemistry
1. How many elements, simple substances of which non-metals are presented today in periodic system chemical elements d.I. Mendeleev?
A) 12
B) 22
B) 44
D) 89
2. Which element is named after celestial body- satellite of the Earth:
A) Co - cobalt
B) Te - tellurium
B) Se - selenium
D) U - uranium
3. Which element is named after the mythical hero who stole fire from the gods:
A) Ta - tantalum
B) Th - thorium
C) Nb - niobium
D) Pm - promethium
4. K pure substances refers to A) vinegar
B) distilled water
To the air
D) milk
5. Is a substance:
A) a drop of dew
B) copper coin
B) a piece of chalk
D) mercury
6. The same relative mass have substances whose formulas are: A) CuSO4 and CuS
B) CuS and CuO
B) CuO and Cu 2S
D) CuSO4 and Cu 2S
7. Mass fraction sulfur in sulfuric acid H2S04 is: A) 2.04%
B) 65.31%
C) 32.65%
D) 3.2%
8. Which of the following substances is the most salty?
A) N2
B) NaCl
B) H2O
D) C2H5OH
9. Substances of a couple are complex:
A) sulfur and aluminum
B) water and methane
B) ozone and hydrogen chloride
D) ammonia and nitrogen
10. K chemical phenomena applies to:
A) melting paraffin
B) dissolving alcohol in water
B) evaporation of a salt solution
D) changing the color of the indicator
Open questions for 8th grade
Question 1
What kind chemical elements named after countries? Give at least four names. Indicate the number of protons and neutrons contained in the nuclei of atoms, the elements you named.
Question 2
You are a pilot of a plane flying from Siberia to Yaroslavl. The plane is carrying ingots of the most common metal in nature. How old is the pilot? Additional question: what kind of metal was the plane carrying? Why did this metal cost 1200 rubles per 1 kg in 1827, and 1 ruble in 1900?
Question 3
You enter an unfamiliar apartment that is darkened. The electricity is off, but there are two lamps: gas and kerosene. What will you light first? Additional question: where else is gas (guess what) and kerosene used?
Question 4
To prevent Cinderella from going to the ball, her stepmother came up with a job for her: she mixed wood shavings with small iron nails, sugar and river sand and told Cinderella to clean the sugar and put the nails in a separate box. Cinderella quickly completed the task and managed to go to the ball. Explain how you can quickly complete the stepmother's task.
Question 5
The Young Chemist mixed together five liquids: gasoline, water, mercury, alcohol, vegetable oil. Putting the mixture into a separating funnel, he saw that the mixture separated into three layers. Describe the composition of each of the layers from top to bottom. Justify your answer.
Answers to tests
| Test | № 1 | № 2 | № 3 | № 4 | № 5 |
| Answer | B | AT | G | B | G |
| Test | № 6 | № 7 | № 8 | № 9 | № 10 |
| Answer | G | AT | B | B | G |
Answers to open questions
Answer to question 1:
Ruthenium (Ru) - named after Russia; 44 protons, 57 neutrons.
Polonium (Po) - in honor of Poland; 84 protons, 37 neutrons.
Francium (Fr) - in honor of France; 87 protons, 35 neutrons.
Germanium (Ge) - in honor of Germany; 32 protons, 40 neutrons.
Answer to question 2:
14 years old. Aluminum, because in 1827 it was first obtained. Its properties are light, shiny metal.
Answer to question 3:
Match. In a gas lamp - natural gas (used as fuel), kerosene (solvent, diesel and aviation fuel, rust removal).
Answer to question 4:
Wood shavings from small iron nails can be separated using a magnet. Dissolve sugar with river sand in water, filter, evaporate the water.
Answer to question 5:
The upper layer is formed by water-insoluble liquids with a density less than that of water:
gasoline and vegetable oil
The middle layer is formed by water and alcohol dissolved in it.
The lower layer is formed by heavy and water-insoluble metallic mercury.