Owl. Leninsk-Kuznetsky. Polysaevo. The decision to separate from Novosibirsk region Kuzbass. Kemerovo. Industries. City square. History of Kuzbass. Bee. Capercaillie. Kuznetsk region. Anzhero-Sudzhensk. Let's solve the puzzle. Filatova Maria Evgenievna Strong wood. Shrew shrews. Kuzbass. Inland waters of Kuzbass. Memorable dates. Belovo. Pine forests. Flora and fauna of Kuzbass. Coal industry.
"Ecology of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug" - Direct interpretation of man-made objects. The greatest increase in man-made load. Protected zone of the state nature reserve"Malaya Sosva". Pollution due to failure of sealing of the sludge pit. Field verification of the results of interpretation was carried out at Lyantorskoe. Bottom water spill. State natural reserve regional significance"Untorsky". The 2011 spill on an unremediated old spill.
"Geography of Western Siberia" - Neither Yar nor Fall. Geographical position. natural areas. The forest-tundra zone extends south of the tundra. Forest-steppe and steppe zones. Tundra, which occupies the northernmost part of the Tyumen region. Siberia is generous and rich to everyone. Climate. Inland waters. forest zone West Siberian Plain subdivided into subzones. About 80% of the area of Western Siberia is located within the West Siberian Plain. At the base of the territory lies a young platform.
"YANAO" - Krasnoselkupsky district. Flag and coat of arms of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Small peoples of Yamal. The nature of Yamal. Types of ornament. Priuralsky district. Hunting. Chum. Yamal-Nenets autonomous region. Purovsky district. Shuryshkarsky district. Kinds. Tazovsky district. Animal world. Map of YaNAO. Fishing. A life. Economic culture. Kisy. Gathering. Nadymsky district. Vegetable world. Men's outerwear. Reindeer moss. Reindeer breeding. Souvenirs.
"Ugra" - Settlements. My region is Yugra. Irtysh. Volume Pine. Chaga. House of Culture. Mosquito and mosquito. Mushroom. Which plant occupies a leading place on the Konda River. Warm up. How many districts are included in the KhMAO. Yugra. The settlement became the city of Yugorsk. River Konda. Reserves. Auction. Snowdrop. Plant. The first village in the area. Rose hip. Samza. Water resources. 9 districts. Drainage area of the Konda River. Malaya Sosva.
"Birds of Yamal" - "The Siberian Crane is a symbol of hope!". The legs are long, reddish-pink. Gray crane. The plumage of most of the body is white. They wear a gray vest, But the wings are black. Small or tundra swan. Cranes are omnivorous and eat both plant and animal food. Magpie. Goose. As a sacrifice - in gratitude to nature and the gods - a deer is slaughtered. Crow. Grey goose. White-tailed eagle. Let's take care of the birds!
We list all the cities of Siberia (a list of them is in the article). They differ in location, population, history, culture.
We will consider the cities of Siberia (see the list below) for each of the regions. The list is given short description some of them, as well as the population according to the 2016 census.
So, we present to the reader's attention all the cities of Siberia: an alphabetical list by regions.
Altai Republic
- Gorno-Altaisk - 62860.
Altai region
- Aleisk - 28528. Barnaul - 635583. From the north and east the city goes around the Ob - one of the greatest rivers in the world. Belokurikha - 15072. Biysk - 203822. Miner - 13000. Zmeinogorsk - 10568. .Novoaltaisk - 73134. Rubtsovsk - 146385. Slavgorod - 30370. Yarovoe - 18085.
Buryatia
- Babushkin - 4620. Gusinoozyorsk - 23358. Zakamensk - 11234. Kyakhta - 19985. Severobaikalsk - 23940. Ulan-Ude - 430551. Included in the list of antipodal cities. Its counterpart is the city of Puerto Natales in Chile.
Transbaikalia
- Balei - 11586. Borzya - 29050. Krasnokamensk - 53242. Mogocha - 13525. Nerchinsk - 14820. Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky - 16800. Sretensk - 6620. Khilok - 10853. Chita - 343510. A feature of Chita is the presence of natural landscapes within the city limits. Shilka - 12984.
Irkutsk region
- Alzamai - 6135. Angarsk - 226777. Baikalsk - 12900. Biryusinsk - 8484. Bodaibo - 13420. Bratsk - 234145. Vikhorevka - 21455. Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky - 23980. Winter - 31282.
- Irkutsk - 623420. An ancient city with many cultural and historical attractions. Kirensk - 11435. Nizhneudinsk - 43050. Sayansk - 38955. Svirsk - 13126. Slyudyanka - 18300. Taishet - 33587. Tulun - 41988. - 82828. Ust-Kut - 42499. Cheremkhovo - 51337. Shelekhov - 47377.
Kemerovo region
- Anzhero-Sudzhensk - 72825. Belovo - 73401. Berezovsky - 47140. Guryevsk - 23360. Kaltan - 21185. Kemerovo - 553075. last years there is a deterioration in the ecological situation in the city, due to the work of industrial enterprises. Kisilevsk. Leninsk-Kuznetsky - 97666. Mariinsk - 39330. modern city. One of the oldest in Siberia. Osinniki - 43445. Polysaevo - 26737. Prokopyevsk - 198430. Taiga - 24530. Tashtagol - 23080.
Krasnoyarsk region
- Artyomovsk - 1777. Achinsk - 105366. Bogotol - 20477. Borodino - 16220. Divnogorsk - 29050. Dudinka - 21974. Yeniseysk - 18155. Zheleznogorsk - 84542. Zaozerny - 10270. Zelenogorsk - 62670. Ilansk - 49. Igarka - 49. 91 019. Kodinsk - 16222. Krasnoyarsk - 1066944. A million-plus city that flourished during the "gold rush" in the 2nd half of the 19th century. Lesosibirsk - 59846. 38416. Uyar - 12210. Uzhur - 15567. Sharypovo - 37258.
Novosibirsk region
- Barabinsk - 29 305.] Berdsk - 102810. Bolotnoye - 15740. Iskitim - 57416. Karasuk - 27333. Kargat - 9588. Kuibyshev - 44 610. Kupino - 13898. Novosibirsk - 1602915. Large industrial, scientific and cultural center federal significance. Lies in the waters of the great river Ob. Ob - 28917. Tatarsk 24070. Toguchin - 21355. Cherepanovo - 19570. Chulym - 11312.
Omsk region
- Isilkul - 23545. Kalachinsk - 22717. Nazyvaevsk - 11333.
- Omsk - 1178390. Known for the enterprises of the aerospace industry. Packaging - 28013. Tyukalinsk - 10493.
Tomsk region
- Asino - 24587. Cedar - 2050. Kolpashevo - 23125. Seversk - 108135. Strezhevoy - 41956. Tomsk - 569300. The most ancient city in Siberia. It has many historical monuments.
Tuva
- Ak-Dovurak - 13664. Kyzyl - 115870. Turan - 4900. Chadan - 8861. Shagonar - 10920.
Khakassia
- Abaza - 15800. Abakan - 179 163. Sayanogorsk - 48300. Sorsk - 11500. Chernogorsk - 74268.
Novosibirsk is the third in Russia
There are many settlements - cities, towns and villages in the Russian Trans-Urals, and the most Big city is the capital of Siberia. Novosibirsk ranks third in Russia in terms of population after Moscow and St. Petersburg. According to 2009 data, 1.397 million people are registered in Novosibirsk. April 30, 1893 is considered to be the birthday of the city, but, despite its youth, it is impossible to talk about Novosibirsk without using the word “most”. Firstly, the city is located on the banks of the longest river in Russia - the Ob. The length of the Ob with its main tributary, the Irtysh, is 5,410 km.
Secondly, the city has the largest opera and ballet theater in Russia, in terms of area, which is the hallmark of Novosibirsk. The theater building is an example of modernist architecture of the late 1920s. During the construction of the theater, many unique constructive solutions, for example, the structure of the theater dome. The dome was designed by B.F. Mater and P.L. Pasternak, the diameter of the dome is 60 meters with a thickness of only 8 centimeters - this is the largest dome of this design in the world.
Theatre, Trans-Siberian Railway
In May 1931, the laying of the building was carried out. And already on August 1, 1941, the official opening of the theater was planned. But the war made its own adjustments, and the opening of the theater took place on May 12, 1945. During the war, the evacuated exhibits from the museums of Moscow and Leningrad were kept in the building of the future theater.
The beginning of the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway (1891) gave impetus to the development of the city's industry. Before October revolution In 1917, Novosibirsk (until 1925 - Novonikolaevsk) was the commercial and industrial center of Western Siberia. The leading industry in those years was the flour milling industry.
Novosibirsk factories
The largest plant "Trud", founded in 1904, produced spare parts for the mechanisms of mills, oil refineries and agricultural machinery. Before the war of 1941-1945, many industrial enterprises were built in Novosibirsk, among them a tin plant, Sibkombain, and a plant for boring machines. In 1936, an aircraft manufacturing plant was opened, which in 1939 was named after Valery Pavlovich Chkalov.
The second powerful impetus to the development of industry was given by the Great Patriotic War. Many enterprises from Leningrad and other cities of the USSR were evacuated to the largest city in Siberia, due to this, production for the front increased by 8 times: only Yak fighters for the front were produced up to 33 aircraft per day.
Modern Novosibirsk
In modern Novosibirsk, there are 214 enterprises that produce 2/3 of the volume of all products of the Novosibirsk region. The leading industries of the city include mechanical engineering, metallurgy, energy, chemical, light and food industries. In 1985, the first metro stations were opened in Novosibirsk. This is the very first metro beyond the Urals with the world's longest covered metro bridge.
The city grew and developed rapidly, in just a few decades a small town with a population of 100 thousand people became a millionaire city. Only Chicago can boast of such growth rates. In Novosibirsk (Novonikolaevsk) there was a center Russian Empire. In this place, in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty, a chapel was built in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, designed by the famous architect A.D. Kryachkov.
The chapel is a symbol of Novosibirsk
The project of the chapel was made in the style of Novgorod-Pskov architecture of the XII-XIV centuries. In 1933, by order of the city council, "taking into account the wishes of the working masses and taking into account the improvement of the city," the chapel was destroyed. By the 100th anniversary of the city, in 1993, the Nikolskaya chapel was re-erected. The project of the new chapel was carried out by the architect P.A. Chernobrovtsev.
Novosibirsk has also become world famous thanks to its unique zoo, which occupies one of the leading places in the world in the conservation of rare species of animals.
The largest city in Siberia continues to grow and develop actively. Much attention is paid not only to the construction of new modern buildings but also the preservation of historical architectural heritage.
Andrey Koshelev, Samogo.Net
Population of Siberia
The population of Siberia is about 24 million people. The largest cities of Siberia are Novosibirsk 1 million 390 thousand, Omsk 1 million 131 thousand, Krasnoyarsk 936.4 thousand, Barnaul 597 thousand, Irkutsk 575.8 thousand, Novokuznetsk 562 thousand people, Tyumen 538 thousand people. Ethnically, the main part of the population is Russians, however, many other ethnic groups and nationalities live in this territory, such as the Buryats, Dolgans, Nenets, Komi, Khakasses, Chukchi, Evenks, Yakuts, etc.
The peoples of Siberia differed greatly in language, economic structure and social development.
Yukagirs, Chukchi, Koryaks, Itelmens, Nivkhs, as well as Asian Eskimos were at the earliest stage. social organization. Their development went in the direction of patriarchal-tribal orders, and some features were already evident (patriarchal family, slavery), but elements of matriarchy were still preserved: there was no division into clans and tribal exogamy.
Most of the peoples of Siberia were at various levels of the patriarchal-tribal system.
These are Evenks, Kuznetsk and Chulym Tatars, Kotts, Kachintsy and other tribes of Southern Siberia. Remnants of patriarchal-clan relations were also preserved among many tribes that embarked on the path of class formation. These are the Yakuts, the ancestors of the Buryats, the Daurs, the Duchers, the Khanty-Mansiysk tribes.
Only Siberian Tatars, defeated by Yermak, had their own statehood.
Population of Eastern Siberia
The total urban population is 71.5%. The most urbanized Irkutsk region. and Krasnoyarsk Territory. Rural population prevails in autonomous regions: in the Buryat Ust-Orda district there is no urban population at all, in the Buryat Aginsk district it is only 32%, and in the Evenki district - 29%.
The current migration growth of the population of the ESER is negative (-2.5 pers.
per 1000 inhabitants), which causes depopulation of the population of the region. Moreover, negative migration from the Taimyr and Evenk Autonomous Regions is an order of magnitude higher than the average and creates the prospect of complete depopulation of these regions.
The population density in the region is extremely low, four times lower than the Russian average.
In the Evenki district, it is three people per 100 km2 - a record low level in the country. And only in the south - in the forest-steppe Khakassia, the population density is close to the average Russian one.
The economically active population of Eastern Siberia was 50%, which is close to the national average.
About 23% of the working population was employed in industry (in Russia, respectively, 22.4% and 13.3%). The level of general unemployment is very high (in the Republics of Buryatia and Tyva, as well as in the Chita region.
The level of unemployment in the EMEA is quite high, and the proportion of hidden unemployment is high in its composition.
The ethnic composition of the population of Eastern Siberia was formed as a result of centuries-old mixing of the indigenous Turkic-Mongolian and Russian Slavic population with the participation of small small peoples of Siberia, including those living in the taiga regions and in the Far North.
The peoples of the Turkic group live in the upper reaches of the Yenisei - Tuvans, Khakasses.
Representatives of the Mongolian group, the Buryats, live in the mountains and steppes of Cis-Baikal and Transbaikalia, in the taiga regions of the central part Krasnoyarsk Territory- Evenks belonging to the Tungus-Manzhur language group. The Taimyr Peninsula is inhabited by the Nenets, Nganasans, and the Yurk-speaking Dolgans (related to the Yakuts).
In the lower reaches of the Yenisei, a small people lives, the Kets, who have an isolated language that does not belong to any of the groups. All these peoples, with the exception of the extremely small Kets and Nganasans, have their own national-territorial formations - republics or districts.
Most of the population of Eastern Siberia adheres to the Orthodox faith, with the exception of the Buryats and Tuvans, who are Buddhists (Lamaists). The small peoples of the North and the Evenks retain traditional pagan beliefs.
Population of the West Siberian region
The total urban population is 71%.
The most urbanized are the Kemerovo region, where the number of urban residents reaches 87%, and the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - 91%.
At the same time, in the Republic of Altai, 75% of the population are rural residents.
The area varies in population density. Very high population density in the Kemerovo region. - about 32 people/km2.
The minimum density in the polar Yamal-Nenets district is 0.7 people/km2.
The economically active population of Western Siberia was 50%, slightly above the national average. About 21% of the working population was employed in industry, and about 13.2% in agriculture.
The level of general unemployment in Western Siberia was below the Russian average only in the Tyumen region.
In other regions, it exceeded the national average. In terms of the level of registered unemployment, all regions were in the worst position relative to the average Russian indicator (1.4%), except for the Novosibirsk region. Most registered unemployed in the Tomsk region - 2.1% of the economically active population. In the oil-producing Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug, their number is 1.5 times higher than the average for Russia.
The ethnic composition of the population of Western Siberia is represented by Slavic (mainly Russians), Ugric and Samoyedic (Khanty, Mansi, Nenets) and Turkic (Tatars, Kazakhs, Altaians, Shors) peoples.
The Russian population numerically predominates in all regions of the ZSER. The Nenets, who are part of the Samoyedic language group of the Uralic family, live mainly in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and are its indigenous people. The Khanty and Mansi, who are part of the Ugric group of the Ural family, live in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. Turkic peoples- Kazakhs and Tatars live in the steppe and forest-steppe zones, and Altaians and Shors live in the mountainous regions of Altai and Mountain Shoria in the Kemerovo region.
The Russian population of Western Siberia is mainly Orthodox, believing Tatars and Kazakhs are Muslims, Altaians and Shors are partly Orthodox, some adhere to traditional pagan beliefs.
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Indigenous population of Siberia. Population of Western and Eastern Siberia
Siberia occupies a vast geographical area of Russia. Once it included such neighboring states as Mongolia, Kazakhstan and part of China. Today this territory belongs exclusively to Russian Federation. Despite the huge area settlements comparatively few in Siberia.
Most of the region is occupied by tundra and steppe.
Description of Siberia
The whole territory is divided into Eastern and Western regions. In rare cases, theologians also define the Southern region, which is the highlands of Altai.
The area of Siberia is about 12.6 million square kilometers. km. This is approximately 73.5% of the total territory of the Russian Federation. Interestingly, Siberia is larger in area than Canada.
Of the main natural zones, in addition to the Eastern and Western regions, the Baikal region and the Altai mountains are distinguished.
The largest rivers are the Yenisei, Irtysh, Angara, Ob, Amur and Lena. Taimyr, Baikal and Ubsu-Nur are considered the most significant lake areas.
From an economic point of view, cities such as Novosibirsk, Tyumen, Omsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Ulan-Ude, Tomsk, etc. can be called the centers of the region. 
most high point Belukha Mountain is considered to be Siberian - over 4.5 thousand meters.
Population history
Historians call the Samoyed tribes the first inhabitants of the region.
This people lived in the northern part. Due to the harsh climate, reindeer herding was the only occupation. They ate mainly fish from adjacent lakes and rivers. The Mansi people lived in the southern part of Siberia. Their favorite pastime was hunting. The Mansi traded in furs, which were highly valued by Western merchants.
The Turks are another significant population of Siberia.
They lived in the upper reaches of the Ob River. They were engaged in blacksmithing and cattle breeding. Many Turkic tribes were nomadic. Buryats lived a little to the west of the mouth of the Ob. They became famous for the extraction and processing of iron.
The most numerous ancient population Siberia was represented by the Tungus tribes. They settled in the territory from the Sea of Okhotsk to the Yenisei. They made a living by reindeer herding, hunting and fishing.
The more prosperous were engaged in handicrafts. 
There were thousands of Eskimos on the coast of the Chukchi Sea. These tribes for a long time had the slowest cultural and social development. Their only tools are a stone ax and a spear. They were mainly engaged in hunting and gathering.
In the 17th century, there was a sharp jump in the development of the Yakuts and Buryats, as well as the northern Tatars.
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Native people
The population of Siberia today is made up of dozens of peoples.
Each of them, according to the Constitution of Russia, has its own right to national identification.
Many peoples of the Northern region even received autonomy within the Russian Federation with all the ensuing branches of self-government. This contributed not only to the lightning-fast development of the culture and economy of the region, but also to the preservation of local traditions and customs.
The indigenous population of Siberia mostly consists of Yakuts. Their number varies within 480 thousand people. Most of the population is concentrated in the city of Yakutsk - the capital of Yakutia.
The next largest people are the Buryats. There are more than 460 thousand of them. The capital of Buryatia is the city of Ulan-Ude. The main property of the republic is Lake Baikal. Interestingly, this region is recognized as one of the main Buddhist centers in Russia.
Tuvans are the population of Siberia, which, according to the latest census, numbers about 264 thousand people.
In the Republic of Tuva, shamans are still revered.
The population of such peoples as the Altaians and the Khakasses is almost equally divided: 72 thousand people each. The indigenous inhabitants of the districts are adherents of Buddhism. 
The Nenets population is only 45 thousand people. They live on the Kola Peninsula. Throughout their history, the Nenets have been famous nomads.
Today, their priority income is reindeer herding.
Also on the territory of Siberia live such peoples as Evenki, Chukchi, Khanty, Shors, Mansi, Koryaks, Selkups, Nanais, Tatars, Chuvans, Teleuts, Kets, Aleuts and many others. Each of them has its own centuries-old traditions and legends.
Population
The dynamics of the demographic component of the region fluctuates significantly every few years.
This is due to the mass relocation of young people to southern cities Russia and sharp jumps in fertility and mortality. There are relatively few immigrants in Siberia. The reason for this is the harsh climate and specific conditions for life in the villages.
According to the latest data, the population of Siberia is about 40 million people. This is more than 27% of the total number of people living in Russia.
The population is evenly distributed across the regions. In the northern part of Siberia, there are no large settlements due to poor living conditions. On average, there is 0.5 sq. km of land.
The most populous cities are Novosibirsk and Omsk with 1.57 and 1.05 million inhabitants respectively. Further along this criterion are Krasnoyarsk, Tyumen and Barnaul.
Peoples of Western Siberia
Cities account for about 71% of the total population of the region.
Most of the population is concentrated in the Kemerovo and Khanty-Mansiysk districts. However, the agricultural center Western region considered the Republic of Altai.
It is noteworthy that the Kemerovo District ranks first in terms of population density - 32 people/sq. km. 
The population of Western Siberia is 50% of able-bodied residents. Most of the employment is in industry and agriculture.
The region has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the country, with the exception of Tomsk Oblast and Khanty-Mansiysk.
Today the population of Western Siberia is Russians, Khanty, Nenets, Turks. By religion, there are Orthodox, Muslims, and Buddhists.
Population of Eastern Siberia
The share of urban residents varies within 72%. The most economically developed are the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Irkutsk Region.
From point of view Agriculture the most important point of the region is the Buryat district. 
Every year the population of Eastern Siberia becomes less and less. Recently, there has been a sharp negative trend in migration and birth rates.
It also has the lowest population density in the country. In some areas, it is 33 square meters. km per person. The unemployment rate is high.
AT ethnic composition includes such peoples as Mongols, Turks, Russians, Buryats, Evenks, Dolgans, Kets, etc. Most of the population is Orthodox and Buddhists.
Siberia. This is a historical and geographical area within the Asian part of Russia, which was settled in the Stone Age. In terms of nature, Western Siberia and Eastern Siberia stand out. Eastern occupies the territory from the Yenisei to the ridges of the Pacific watershed. The climate is mostly severe, sharply continental.
Regions of Siberia
Siberian customs
The customs and traditions of the local population are rooted in the cultural heritage of the ancient peoples inhabiting the territory of modern Baikal in the past. Some of the customs are echoes of ancient shamanic and Buddhist rites. Among them, the developed obo cult, the cult of mountains, the worship of Eternal blue sky(Khuhe Munhe tengri). It is necessary to stop near the obo and respectfully present gifts to the spirits. If you do not stop at the obo and do not make a sacrifice, there will be no luck. According to the Buryats, each mountain and valley has its own spirit.
The Buryats have a custom to “splash” the spirits of the area. As a rule, before drinking alcohol, they drip a little on the table from a glass or with one finger, usually ring finger, lightly touch the alcohol and sprinkle it upwards. Accept the fact that in the most unexpected places during the trip you will have to stop and “splash” alcohol.
There are certain rules when visiting Buryat yurts. When entering a Buryat yurt, one should not step on the threshold of the yurt, it is considered impolite. Weapons and luggage, as a sign of their good intentions, must be left outside. You can not enter the yurt with any burden. The northern half of the yurt is considered more honorable; guests are received here. You can not sit arbitrarily without an invitation on the northern honorary side. The eastern half of the yurt (as a rule, to the right of the door, the entrance of the yurt always faces south) is considered female, the left - male. This division continues to this day.
The practice of hospitality. Bringing tea to the guest, the hostess, as a sign of respect, gives the bowl with both hands. The guest must also accept it with both hands - by this he shows respect for the house.
At tailagans or shamanistic ceremonies, one should not strive to touch shamanic clothes, a tambourine, and even more so to put on something from shamanic attributes in order to be photographed. There is a belief that some items, especially those associated with magic, carry a certain amount of power. It is strictly forbidden for an ordinary person to say aloud shamanic prayers (durdalga) for the sake of entertainment.
Siberian cuisine. A special local highlight is the low-salted Baikal omul, Siberian dumplings and Siberian meat are also widely known.