The building of the Council of Labor and Defense. The modern building of the State Duma of the Russian Federation - architecture and historical facts. How much cultural objects

14. DECISION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE USSR SUPERIOR COUNCIL, THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSIONERS OF THE USSR AND THE CC AUCP(B) ON THE FORMATION OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE June 30, 1941

Summary of replies on the question of the attitude towards Vichy sent to General de Gaulle by members of the council, compiled by the Secretary of the Council of Defense of the Empire, René Cassin London, February 1941

Summary of answers on the question of the attitude towards Vichy sent to General de Gaulle by members of the council, compiled by the secretary of the council of defense of the Empire René Cassin London, February 1941 I. Summary of answers to the first question: attitude towards the Vichy government at the present time.1) General

Decree on the Composition of the Defense Council of the French Empire General de Gaulle, Head of the Free French, Chairman of the National Committee, On the basis of Decree No. 1 of October 27, 1940 on the organization state power for the period of the war; On the basis of Decree No. 16 of

At the corner of Tverskaya and Okhotny Ryad streets stands a huge majestic building of the State Duma of the Russian Federation. That's it on long years forward identified the type of government building Soviet Union. Its facades are strictly symmetrical in terms of logic and constructive accuracy, which makes it possible to speak about the features of the constructivism style. But the monumentality and grandeur of the building refers to the next period of Soviet architecture - Soviet classicism or, as it is sometimes called, "Stalin's Empire style." The building is located as if in the middle, indicating the verge of transition from one style to another. This is its main feature.

The house, which now houses the lower house of parliament, was built on the site of the famous Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church in Okhotny Ryad. This saint was the patroness of trade and trading people, so it is not surprising that just such a temple appeared next to the most famous Moscow market (Okhotny Ryad). In 1928, the church was destroyed, and in the 1930s, according to the project of the architect A.Ya. Langman, the building of the Council of Labor and Defense was erected - the body for managing the economic construction and defense of the USSR. Then, alternately, the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the State Planning Committee, which was engaged in planning the development of the national economy, were located here.

Here, for the first time, reinforced concrete pillars with rigid reinforcement, lined with bricks, were used. According to some reports, the building was mined in 1941, during the Second World War, and cleared only forty years later - in the 1980s. Luckily, the builders found inconspicuous wires "going nowhere." In the 1990s, the interiors underwent a planned renovation, after which the building housed the State Duma of the Russian Federation. Throughout the biography, inside this grandiose "giant" at the beginning of Tverskaya Street, there were and are to this day major officials of the Soviet Union and modern Russia.

You need to see the building surrounded by neighboring houses. It performs an important urban planning function: it forms the building lines of two streets and decorates the corner of the block. The central building stretches for one hundred and sixty meters. You need to raise your head as high as possible to see the main decoration - an attic with the coat of arms of the USSR. Another important detail is down below. This is a three-story portal lined with dark stone. The entire height of the house is decorated with pilasters. The symmetry of the composition is emphasized by powerful vertical pylons carrying an architrave with an attic floor in the center. The monumentality and severity of forms created an expressive image of the government building.

The building of the Council of Labor and Defense (State Planning Committee building) - building in Moscow at street address Okhotny Ryad, house 1. Currently it houses State Duma of the Russian Federation. Identified object of cultural heritage.

Story

To clear a place for construction, despite the objections of art historians, the restored Church of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa and Chambers of Golitsyn XVII century, while being nearby chambers of the Troekurovs survived, they are in the courtyard of the house. The building was built in 1932-1935 according to the project of the architect Arkady Yakovlevich Langman(with the participation of architects S. V. Sergievsky and N. V. Mezier) for Council of Labor and Defense, which, however, was already abolished in 1937. In this year's guide to Moscow, the building is listed as Dom Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. After the building belonged Council of Ministers of the USSR, then - Gosplan of the USSR.

The architecture of the house influenced the creation of a new image of Moscow, the work on which was carried out according to the master plan of 1935. Similar buildings were to form a new road that was supposed to connect Lubyanka Square and Palace of Soviets. Langman's project has long been the benchmark for a government building. The plan of the building is symmetrical, with impressive pylons. Stylistically, the project combines both elements constructivism(logicality and constructive identification of facades), as well as monumentality and representativeness, features characteristic of the transition to classical trends Soviet architecture. The facade of the building is light gray, the facing on three sides is made of natural, so-called Protopopov stone. The plinth and three entrance arches are made of labrador and Karelian granite. Under the roof is a stucco coat of arms of the Soviet Union.

From 1994 to the present, the building has been working State Duma of the Russian Federation.

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