SHAKHURIN Alexey Ivanovich (12 (25) February 1904,with. Mikhailovskoye, Moscow province - July 3, 1975, Moscow) - First Secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee and City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks from June 1938 to January 1939.
A. I. Shakhurin was born in peasant family. From 1917 he was an apprentice electrician, in 1919-1921. worked as an electrician in the Podolsky city department of public utilities, since 1921 - as a milling machine operator at the Manometer plant in Moscow.
In 1925 he joined the Communist Party. In 1925-1927. was the head of the political and educational department, secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol in Moscow. Since 1927 - a representative of the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League and deputy chairman of the All-Russian Committee for Assistance to Industrial and Economic Education under the People's Commissariat for Foreign and Internal Trade of the USSR. At the same time in 1927-1932. was a student at the Moscow Engineering and Economics Institute. Upon graduation, he began working as the head of the production organization department of the aviation plant No. 82 in Moscow, from 1933 he was a senior engineer, then - head of the research department of the Air Force Academy. N. E. Zhukovsky. Since 1937 - party organizer of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of plant No. 1 named after Aviakhim in Moscow.
From June 1938 - First Secretary (for the first two months - acting) of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee and the City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From January 1939 to January 1940 - First Secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st convocation (1938). Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) in 1939 - 1946. From January 1940 to January 1946 was People's Commissar aviation industry THE USSR. Established the production of aircraft, ensured the introduction of new models military equipment, made a significant contribution to achieving victory in World War II.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 8, 1941, for outstanding services in the field of organizing and implementing the mass production of new types of combat aircraft, Alexei Ivanovich Shakhurin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle Gold Medal.
In 1944, Shakhurin was awarded the rank of Colonel General of the Aviation Engineering Service.
In February 1946 he was appointed deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.
In April 1946, he was arrested on trumped-up charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, low-quality and incomplete products." In the verdict, A. I. Shakhurin was accused of allegedly “for a long time producing aircraft and engines with large design and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, decided to put them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which there was a a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ". On May 11, 1946, he was sentenced to 7 years in labor camp.
He was rehabilitated and released on May 29, 1953. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned. Since August 1953 - Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR. In 1954-1956. - First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR. In May-July 1957 - Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for Economic Relations with the Countries of People's Democracy. Since July 1957 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations. Since 1959 - a personal pensioner of allied significance.
Awards: Hero of Socialist Labor (1941), two orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Star, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov I degree, the Order of Kutuzov I degree, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, medals.
The son of AI Shakhurin - Vladimir (born in Moscow in 1928) studied at the elite school No. 175, where the children of high-ranking Soviet officials and party functionaries studied. Vladimir's closest friends were Sergo and Vano Mikoyan (sons of Politburo member Anastas Mikoyan), Leonid Redens (son of the executed State Security Commissioner of the 1st rank Stanislav Redens, brother-in-law of Joseph Stalin), Artyom Khmelnitsky (son of General Rafail Khmelnitsky), Pyotr Bakulev (son of the famous surgeon Alexander Bakulev), Felix Kirpichnikov (son of the Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR Pyotr Kirpichnikov).
During the war years (!) this high-ranking kid came up with an organization called ... "The Fourth Reich". Members of the organization created the "shadow government" of the USSR, the "head" of which was Volodya Shakhurin. Members of the "government" called each other Reichsführers and Gruppenfuehrers.
Adults learned about the "Fourth Reich" thanks to a tragic incident. On June 3, 1943, on the stairs of the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge, Vladimir Shakhurin shot the daughter of diplomat Konstantin Umansky Nina, his classmate, according to some sources, was also a member of the Fourth Reich organization, with a shot from a Walter pistol. There is a version that Vladimir was in love with Nina and did not want her to leave for Mexico with her parents. Then Shakhurin shot himself with the same pistol. Vladimir and Nina were buried at the Novodevichy cemetery. Their graves are not far from each other.
Investigators established that the Walter pistol, from which Shakhurin fired, belonged to the son of Anastas Mikoyan, Vano. He and his younger brother Sergo were arrested, confessed to creating an "anti-Soviet" organization and named all of its members. Those were also arrested.
All members of the Fourth Reich claimed that the "organization" was just child's play. Nevertheless, on July 23, 1943, eight members of the organization were placed in the inner prison of the NKGB. The investigator in their case was Lev Vlodzimirsky. On December 18, 1943, the Mikoyanov brothers, Leonid Barabanov, Armand Hammer, Pyotr Bakulev, Leonid Redens, Artyom Khmelnitsky and Felix Kirpichnikov were sentenced without any trial to exile to various cities of the Urals, Siberia and Central Asia for a period of one year. The verdict was signed by People's Commissar of State Security Vsevolod Merkulov and Prosecutor General of the USSR Konstantin Gorshenin.
05.08.2016
In May, a presentation of the Golden Book of the Leninsky District took place at the Vidnovsky cinema "Iskra". This unique edition tells about our countrymen, whose military and labor exploits are inscribed in golden letters in the history of our region.
The search for historians and local historians continues. Today we are publishing a new story about the Hero of Socialist Labor, which was not included in the book. During the years of the Great Patriotic War Alexei Shakhurin was called the great people's commissar. He has been at the head of the aviation industry since the pre-war 1940s. What importance was attached then to aviation and why, it is not worth explaining. The names of the famous designers Tupolev and Mikoyan, Yakovlev and Ilyushin, Lavochkin and Myasishchev, we proudly pronounce today. The exploits of the pilots who smashed the enemy on the machines they created are not forgotten. The outcome of those great battles was largely decided by our advantage in the air. But for this to happen, not only talented designers and aviators were needed, but gifted organizers were also needed. Less than two years were given to our country to create a powerful modern aviation industry. This problem was successfully solved by Alexey Shakhurin, our fellow countryman, originally from the Moscow region.
Unexpected appointment
The appointment of the people's commissar of the aviation industry was a complete surprise for Alexei Ivanovich. In early January 1940 Shakhurina he was urgently called to Moscow from Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod), where he headed the regional committee of the CPSU (b). They were waiting for him in the Kremlin.
Alexey Ivanovich Shakhurin later recalled:
“In the office were Stalin, Molotov, Voroshilov and other members of the Politburo. Everyone except Stalin, who was walking around the room, was sitting.
Stalin continued walking in silence for some time. Then he stopped next to me and said: “We want to appoint you people's commissar of the aviation industry. We need fresh people, good organizers and those who also know the aviation business. How do you look at it?"
The offer was unexpected. I didn't know what to say. He replied, “I don’t think I can handle this. Especially in Gorky I’m new, it’s interesting to work there, there are many plans for the future that I would like to implement.”
Voroshilov intervened in the conversation. With his characteristic good nature, he remarked: “Which area you lead and you can handle it.”
Soon the designer was invited A.S. Yakovlev. Stalin pointed to me: "This is the new people's commissar of the aviation industry, Comrade Shakhurin."
I realized that the issue of my appointment was resolved.
Originally from Mikhailovsky
Born Alexey Shakhurin from the village Mikhailovskoe, which is near the Bitza station. At the beginning of the last century, it was located 20 kilometers from the capital. The peasants could not feed themselves on the land, the peasants were drawn to Moscow enterprises. At the Gakental factory, as the Manometr factory was called at that time, together with fellow villagers, the father of Alexei Shakhurin came to work as a coppersmith - Ivan Matveevich. He perfectly mastered his business, for which he was very respected at the plant, where he worked for 40 years.
To match the father was the mother - Tatyana Mikhailovna. Nature endowed this simple Russian woman with amazing spiritual forces, the gift of inner tact. Mother worked tirelessly. It is not surprising that the children also tried to do everything themselves, grew up independent, and when the father went to the front of the First World War, the mother consulted with 10-year-old Alyosha, and he was the eldest son, as with an adult.
Memories of the family, parents always warmed Alexei Ivanovich. And he still remembers the school and the first teacher. He grasped knowledge on the fly, loved to read. And this passion remained with him for the rest of his life.
Time forward!
Alexei's "labor universities" began at the age of 13: he entered an electrical engineering office as an apprentice. And six months later, a revolution broke out. And then the life of Alexei Shakhurin, like the whole country, rushed, gaining unprecedented momentum. In his memoirs, Alexei Ivanovich often writes that one or another period of his work biography, although it was short-lived, but eventful and played in his life important role. Probably, what others took years, Shakhurin went through in months. Such was his human and professional potential.
At the age of 16, he works as an electrician, two years later, on the recommendation of his father, he comes to the factory "Manometer". A year later he joined the Komsomol. Actively works with youth. Soon he was invited to the district committee of the Komsomol. On Lenin's call in 1924 he joined the Communist Party. Becomes a member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol. In 1927 he took exams at the Engineering and Economic Institute. S. Ordzhonikidze. It was then that the aircraft industry first appeared in the life of Alexei Shakhurin.
The battle motto of the youth of the 1920s was the call: "Working people, build the Air Fleet." The Society of Friends of the Air Fleet was created in the country. And in the society of Marxist technicians, well-known scientists and practitioners gave lectures and reports on aviation topics. Hearing about this, the future People's Commissar began to attend classes. In addition to theoretical disciplines during his studies, he passed and industrial practice. He studied foundry business at the Krasny Proletarian, open-hearth - at the plant "Hammer and sickle", technological practice took place at ZIL and at the 1st State Bearing Plant.
In a word, the training was the most serious, and after graduating from the institute, Shakhurin was appointed head of the production organization department at one of the factories of the Civil Air Fleet. The plant was soon redesigned, and from 1933 to 1938 Alexei Ivanovich worked as an engineer at the Air Force Academy. NOT. Zhukovsky, which at that time was the only supreme military aviation educational institution who trained engineers and designers, and was also engaged in the retraining of aviation commanders.
Then a new round of acceleration begins in his biography. In February - April 1938, Alexei Ivanovich was a party organizer at plant No. 1 Aviahim. Then he heads the Yaroslavl regional party committee, less than a year later he holds the same post in Gorky. Since March 1939 - member of the Central Committee of the party. Of course, he did, as they would say now, a successful career. But behind his success, above all, was hard work, organizational talent, the ability to inspire people and skillfully put them in their places, to find the main link in the work. Actually, from this he began his work in the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.
Not a day of delay
The very next morning after his appointment, Shakhurin got acquainted with the affairs of his people's commissariat. The order was established as follows: every day they listened to and discussed the report of one of the leaders of the main departments in the presence of factory workers. Everyone who wanted to speak. Suggestions were made to improve the business.
A special commission formed before the appointment of Shakhurin as People's Commissar, which checked the state of armed forces, noted that the material part of Soviet aviation "in its development lags behind in terms of speed, engine power, armament and strength of aircraft from the aviation of the advanced armies of other countries." It was clear that special, exceptional measures were needed that would bring our aviation up to the level of modern requirements in the shortest possible time.
Difficult tasks were set before the new people's commissar, and he fulfilled them with honor. All creative and production resources were thrown into the creation new types of aircraft. Alexey Ivanovich personally knew all the designers, traveled to factories, sometimes got into an argument with Stalin himself, if he believed that this or that model deserves attention. AT 1940–1941 years, new models of combat aircraft were built, tested, put into service and put into mass production. The number of factories in the industry increased by 1.7 times compared to 1937. In 1940, the USSR already produces more aircraft than Germany, but this achievement had one “but”. The Germans have only new types of aircraft, while we also had enough obsolete models. It was decided to build 9 new aviation and 6 new aircraft engine factories. Work on their creation was in full swing. In 1941, aircraft factories produced 2,000 Yak-1, LaGG-3, MiG-3 fighters, 458 Pe-2 bombers, and 249 Il-2 attack aircraft. Nevertheless, Aleksey Ivanovich was nervous: would we have time to build the required number of new aircraft before the start of the war, the inevitability of which he perfectly understood.
At this time, Shakhurin often visited the Kremlin. It happened that Stalin invited him to dinner. Once, in a relaxed atmosphere, the people's commissar shared his anxieties with Stalin. Apparently fears young leader aviation industry alarmed the leader, and two months later he returned to this conversation, asking the question:
- How is the production of aircraft going?
Shakhurin showed him the semi-annual and annual production schedules, which showed an increase in aircraft production by one or two per week. And on one of them, Stalin wrote with his own hand: “We, Shakhurin, Dementiev, Khrunichev, Voronin ... (in a word, I listed all the deputies of the people's commissar of the aviation industry), we hereby undertake to bring the daily production of combat aircraft in June 1941 to 50 aircraft per day".
Alexei Ivanovich asked permission to consult with the deputies. Having calculated everything, the leadership of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry accepted Stalin's challenge. People were well aware that increasing the production of aircraft is a matter of life and death for the country. The aircraft builders kept their word. By the beginning of the war, 50 aircraft per day were being produced, and by the end of 1941 this figure had reached 100.
The aviation industry worked very clearly, rhythmically, increasing output. When sometimes these days one hears that new planes have appeared in the USSR only in the second half of the war, it is quite obvious that this is claimed by people who do not understand that it is impossible to create such equipment during hostilities. As A.I. Shakhurin: “If the war had caught us with old equipment on the stocks, then we would not have been able to master the mass production of new aircraft with any efforts.”
For services to the Motherland in 1941 A.I. Shakhurin was awarded the highest award of the country - the title Hero of Socialist Labor.
Wings of Victory
Shakhurin was not broken by the first difficulties of the war. Although the people's commissariat of the aviation industry had to work in three directions at once. First of all, aircraft were tested in combat latest releases. Secondly, it was necessary to sharply increase the production of combat vehicles in the difficult conditions of the war. And finally, simultaneously carry out the evacuation of the aviation industry to the Urals, the Volga region, Central Asia and Siberia.
Shakhurin managed not only not to lose the thread of industry management, but also to retain the necessary personnel to continue the continuous production of aircraft.
These figures speak volumes of the work. In the initial period of the war, about 85 percent of the enterprises of the entire aviation industry withdrew from their inhabited places. 100 aircraft factories, about 1 million units of the machine park, more than 500 thousand workers, not counting family members, made a "march" to the eastern regions of the country. And all this took place in the shortest possible time, literally within 10 days, without reducing the level of production of combat aircraft. So, only one aircraft building plant in Moscow brought the production of high-speed fighters "Moment" up to 20 aircraft per day. It was at the bench that an unprecedented struggle for our air superiority was going on, which by the end of the war had become undeniable. And this was one of the decisive contributions to the Victory of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry, headed by A.I. Shakhurin, who skillfully guides the workers of the industry to a labor feat. The aviation industry itself had to be evacuated - from Moscow to Kuibyshev. On October 15, 1941, all people's commissariats were ordered to leave the capital within 24 hours.
During the war, the People's Commissar visited the evacuated enterprises more than once, decided difficult problems, encouraged people, sometimes even knocked out their delayed wages. Despite inhuman working conditions and a half-starved existence, in the literal sense, in the open air, already at the beginning of 1942, mass production of aircraft began in the East of the country. On January 7, 1942, Shakhurin received a call from Siberia and loud words were said: “Accept, Motherland, the first Zaporozhye engine on Siberian soil!” Hearing this, Alexey Ivanovich, far from a sentimental person, felt a spasm in his throat ...
The aviation industry experienced rapid technological progress during the war years. And it was not a spontaneous process. He was guided by talented industry leaders and, above all, People's Commissar Shakhurin. The technology improved, the organization of the entire production process at enterprises improved. A great effect, for example, was given by the streaming method. The introduction of a flow at aircraft factories and the rationalization of work that accompanied this made it possible to reduce labor costs for the manufacture of the La-5 fighter by more than 2.5 times, and the Il-2 attack aircraft by 5 times. Decreased production cost. Only due to the achieved savings in 1943, 8790 aircraft were produced (in terms of La-5), which equaled almost a quarter of the aircraft produced at that time.
In total, during the Great Patriotic War, the aviation industry mastered and put into mass production 25 types of new and modernized types of aircraft and 23 types of aircraft engines. In combat formation Soviet aviation by May 9, 1945, there were 47.3 thousand combat vehicles.
The People's Commissariat of the aviation industry, headed by its leader A.I. Shakhurin did a lot for the air superiority of the Soviet Armed Forces, which brought our Victory closer. We must not forget that the feat of aircraft manufacturers provided a reliable basis for improvement aircraft, which subsequently opened our country access to space.
... The victorious finale of the war was overshadowed by dramatic events for Shakhurin. In 1946, the People's Commissar was repressed on a fabricated "aviation case". After Stalin's death, he was completely rehabilitated. AT 1953–1959 In the years of the Great People's Commissar of the war years, he worked as First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry, and later as Deputy Chairman of the Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Foreign Economic Relations. After his retirement, he wrote a book of memoirs "Wings of Victory". A.I. died. Shakhurin in 1975. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
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Alexey Ivanovich Shakhurin(February 12 (25), 1904, the village of Mikhailovskoye, Podolsky district, Moscow region, - July 3, 1975, Moscow) - People's Commissar of the aviation industry (1940-1946), Colonel General of the Aviation Engineering Service, Hero of Socialist Labor () . Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) (-).
Born on February 12, 1904 in the village of Mikhailovskoye, Podolsky district, Moscow province (now the Moscow region). The son of a peasant.
From 1919 he worked as an electrician in Podolsk, from 1921 as a milling machine operator at the Manometr plant in Moscow. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. In 1925 he was transferred to Komsomol work - secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol of the city of Moscow, then worked in the People's Commissariat of Trade of the RSFSR. In March 1926, at the VII Congress of the Komsomol, he was elected a member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol.
In 1927 he was approved as a representative of the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League to the All-Russian Committee for Industrial and Economic Education and was appointed deputy chairman of the committee. In the fall of 1927, he entered the mechanical engineering department of the Industrial and Economic Institute, which later became known as. The first two years he studied at the evening department, worked during the day, then switched to daytime. He graduated from the Institute in 1932.
From 1933 to military service. In 1933-1938 he served in the research and educational department Air Force Academy named after N. E. Zhukovsky. Since February 1938, the party organizer at the plant of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry.
In 1938-1939 he was the first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. On the one hand, he continued the repressive practice of his predecessors, with his participation in July 1938 were arrested the second secretary of the regional committee P. Ya. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR N. V. Martynov and others. In August-September, a number of other leaders were repressed, in particular, secretaries of district committees: Molvitinsky - I. M. Belkov, Poshekhono-Volodarsky - V. N. Kotov, manager of the regional film trust M. M. Tsvetkov and others. All the accused were presented as "participants of Trotskyist organizations." On July 25-30, 1938, the III Regional Party Conference was held in Yaroslavl. Shakhurin made a report and summed up the results of the implementation of the instructions of the February-March plenum of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in 1937, "uprooting the enemies of the people." On the other hand, Shakhurin focused mainly on economic activity, partly normalized the socio-political situation in the region. Member of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR since 1938
In 1939-1940 he was the first secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
In 1940-1946, the People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry. When in 1943 the GKO Council on Radar was created , he was appointed a member . In the summer of 1944, Stalin instructed Shakhurin to examine everything that was possible, together with the advancing troops, at the German missile range, which was to be captured by the Red Army in Poland.
In 1946, Shakhurin was repressed in the "aviation case". On May 10-11, 1946, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, chaired by V. V. Ulrich, sentenced him to 7 years on charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, poor-quality and incomplete products."
In the verdict, A. I. Shakhurin was accused of the following: “for a long time he produced aircraft and engines with large design and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, ordered them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ".
May 29, 1953 rehabilitated and released. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned.
In 1953-1957, Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR, First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.
In 1957 - August 1959 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations.
Wife - Sofya Mironovna Lurie (1909-1977), daughter of the timber merchant Miron Ionovich Lurie (1874-1966), sister of the engineer and scientist in the field of turbine building I. M. Lurie (1905-1967). Son Vladimir (1928-1943) is known for the fact that on July 3, 1943, he shot Nina, the daughter of Ambassador Konstantin Umansky, and then shot himself
Born on February 12, 1904 in the village of Mikhailovskoye, Podolsky district, Moscow province (now the Moscow region). The son of a peasant.
From 1919 he worked as an electrician in Podolsk, from 1921 as a milling machine operator at the Manometr plant in Moscow. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. In 1925 he was transferred to Komsomol work - secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol of the city of Moscow, then worked in the People's Commissariat of Trade of the RSFSR.
Graduated from the Moscow Engineering and Economic Institute in 1932. Since 1933 in military service. In 1933-1938 he served in the research and training department of the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy. Since February 1938, the party organizer at the plant of the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.
In 1938-1939 he was the first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. He normalized the socio-political situation in the region, established party work after mass repressions.
In 1939-1940 he was the first secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
In 1940-1946, the People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry. In the summer of 1944, Stalin instructed Shakhurin to examine everything that was possible, together with the advancing troops, at the German missile range, which was to be captured by the Red Army in Poland.
In 1946, Shakhurin was repressed for the "aviation case". On May 10-11, 1946, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, chaired by V. V. Ulrikh, sentenced him to 7 years on charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, poor-quality and incomplete products."
In the verdict, A.I. Shakhurin was accused of the following: “for a long time he produced aircraft and engines with large structural and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, ordered them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ".
May 29, 1953 rehabilitated and released. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned.
In 1953-1957, Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR, First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.
In 1957 - August 1959 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations.
His son Vladimir (1928-1943) is known for having shot Nina, the daughter of Ambassador Konstantin Umansky, on July 3, 1943, and then shot himself.
Awards
- By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 8, 1941, for outstanding services in the production of aircraft in difficult wartime conditions, Alexei Ivanovich Shakhurin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Gold Medal "Hammer and Sickle" and the Order of Lenin.
- He was awarded two orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov I degree, the Order of Kutuzov I degree, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Red Star.
Born on February 12, 1904 in the village of Mikhailovskoye, Podolsky district, Moscow province (now the Moscow region). The son of a peasant.
From 1919 he worked as an electrician in Podolsk, from 1921 as a milling machine operator at the Manometr plant in Moscow. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. In 1925 he was transferred to Komsomol work - secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol of the city of Moscow, then worked in the People's Commissariat of Trade of the RSFSR.
Graduated from the Moscow Engineering and Economic Institute in 1932. Since 1933 in military service. In 1933-1938 he served in the research and training department of the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy. Since February 1938, the party organizer at the plant of the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.
1937Shakhurin Alexey Ivanovich
In 1938-1939 he was the first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. He normalized the socio-political situation in the region, established party work after mass repressions.
In 1939-1940 he was the first secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
In 1940-1946, the People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry. Summer
1941 Shakhurin Alexey Ivanovich
November 7, 1941 Kalinin, Voroshilov, Andreev, the new commander of the district troops, General A. Kalinin and many others, incl. and A.I. Shakhurin, were present at the parade of troops in Kuibyshev. The ground parade was commanded by M.M. Popov is the commander of the 61st Army, which was soon transferred to Moscow. An air parade was also held, in which 600 aircraft participated. They were commanded by Colonel V.A. Sudets (future Air Marshal, Commander-in-Chief of the Air Defense Forces).
Stalin's speech on the evening of November 6 and the broadcast of the parade from Moscow inspired people, and, despite inhuman working conditions and a half-starved existence in the literal sense under the open sky of the Urals and Siberia, by January 1942 they began mass production of aircraft.
On January 7, 1942, Shakhurin received a call from Siberia and loud words were said: “Accept, Motherland, the first Zaporozhye engine on Siberian soil!” Hearing these words, Alexei Ivanovich, far from a sentimental person, felt a spasm in his throat.
Workers of the defense industry in the editorial office of the newspaper "Pravda". Sitting (from left to right): I.I. Ivanov, B.L. Vannikov, N.N. Polikarpov, D.F. Ustinov, S.V. Ilyushin, B.G. Spiral. A.I. is standing fourth from the right. Shakhurin. October 1942.