Shipborne ranks in the navy are used in the Russian Navy and are assigned to sailors as far as they are able to take responsibility for the command of one or another military unit. They are also assigned to the military of the coast guard of the border troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, underwater and surface units of the Navy and naval units of the troops.
Almost all naval ranks are different from the missile and ground forces, the airborne forces and the armed forces. From 1884 to 1991, they changed due to a number of events:
- decay Russian Empire in 1917;
- creation Soviet Union and its subsequent collapse 1922-1991;
- Creation Russian Federation in 1991
Modern ranks in the navy divided into 4 categories:
1. Conscripts for urgent and contract service. This includes: a sailor, a senior sailor, a foreman of the second article, a foreman of the first article and a chief ship foreman. The senior midshipman and the senior midshipman are also included in the senior staff.
2. Junior officers of the fleet. These are: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander.
3. Senior officers of the Navy. Ranks are divided: captains of the third, second and first rank.
4. The highest officers. Consists of: Rear Admiral, Vice Admiral, Admiral and Admiral of the Fleet.
Detailed description of ship ranks in ascending order
Sailor- junior rank in the navy, which corresponds to the land private. These are conscripts military service.
Senior sailor- a parallel to the army rank of corporal, which is assigned to a sailor for observing discipline and exemplary performance of duties. May be an assistant to the foreman and replace the foreman of the second article.
Senior staff
Sergeant major of the second article- junior rank in the senior staff, which was introduced on November 2, 1940. It is located in rank above the senior sailor and below the foreman of the first article. May be a squad leader.
Petty officer of the first article- a sailor of the fleet, who is located in rank above the foreman of the second article, but below the chief foreman. The second, as it grows in the list of senior officers, was introduced on November 2, 1940. This is the squad leader, who showed excellent results in the performance of military and organizational duties.
Chief ship sergeant major- military rank in the Navy of the Russian Federation and the Coast Guard. He occupies a place between the foreman of the first article and the midshipman of the fleet. The naval rank of chief ship foreman corresponds to the army senior sergeant. Can replace the platoon leader.
Midshipman- a word of English origin, which is assigned to a sailor after passing the relevant training programs and courses. On land, this is an ensign. Performs organizational and combat duties as a platoon commander or company foreman.
Senior midshipman- a military rank in the Navy of the Russian Federation, which is higher in rank than midshipman, but lower than junior lieutenant. Similarly, a senior warrant officer in other branches of the military.
junior officers
Rank junior lieutenant comes from French and translates as "deputy". He occupies the first step in the junior officers, both in the ground and naval forces. May be a post or platoon leader.
Lieutenant- the second among ranks in the navy, in rank above junior lieutenant and below senior lieutenant. Assigned upon expiration of service with the rank of junior lieutenant.
Senior Lieutenant- the naval rank of junior officers in Russia, which is higher in rank than lieutenant, and lower than lieutenant commander. With excellent performance in the service, he can be an assistant to the captain of the ship.
Lieutenant Commander- the highest rank of junior officers, which in the Russian Federation and Germany corresponds to the captain of the army of the ground forces. A sailor with this rank is considered the deputy captain of the ship and the commander of a company of hundreds of subordinates.
Senior officers
Captain 3rd rank- Corresponds to an army major. The abbreviated name of the shoulder strap is "captri". Among the duties is command of a ship of the corresponding rank. These are small military vessels: landing, anti-submarine, torpedo and minesweepers.
Captain of the second rank, or "kapdva" - the rank of a sailor in the Navy, which corresponds to a lieutenant colonel in land ranks. This is the commander of a ship of the same rank: large landing, missile and destroyers.
Captain of the first rank, or "kapraz", "kapturang" - a military rank in the Russian Navy, which is higher in rank than a captain of the second rank and lower than a rear admiral. May 7, 1940 exists among ranks in the navy, decided by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. "Kapturang" commands ships with complex control and huge military power: aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and cruisers.
Senior officer corps
rear admiral can command a squadron of ships and replace the commander of a flotilla. Adopted since 1940 and since that time corresponds to the major general of the ground forces and aviation.
Vice Admiral- the rank of sailors in Russia, which allows you to replace the admiral. Corresponds to the lieutenant general of the ground forces. Manages fleet operations.
Admiral from the Dutch language it is translated as "lord of the sea", therefore it is in the highest officer corps. Army employees correspond to the rank of colonel-general. Operates an active fleet.
Fleet Admiral- the highest active rank, as well as in other types of troops, army general. Manages the fleet and is assigned to active admirals with excellent combat, organizational and strategic performance.
What types of troops are assigned naval ranks?
The Navy of the Russian Federation (Russian Navy) also includes the following units:
- marines;
- coast guard;
- naval aviation.
The Marine Corps is a unit that carries out the defense of military installations, sections of the coast and other sea lines. As part of the "marines" there are sabotage and reconnaissance groups. Motto marines: "Where we are, there is victory."
The Coast Guard is a branch of the military that defends the bases of the Russian fleets and special objects of the coastal zone. They have at their disposal anti-aircraft, torpedo, mine weapons, as well as missile systems and other artillery.
Naval aviation - troops whose duties include the detection and destruction of the enemy, the defense of ships and other elements from enemy forces, the destruction of enemy aircraft, helicopters and other air structures. The aviation of the Russian Federation also carries out air transportation and rescue operations on the high seas.
How and for what is the next rank awarded to sailors?
Assignment next rank described in the current laws of the Russian Federation:
- for a senior sailor, it is necessary to serve 5 months;
- receiving a foreman of the 2nd article can be expected after a year of service;
- three years for senior sergeant and chief ship foreman;
- three years to receive a midshipman;
- 2 years for junior lieutenant;
- 3 to receive a lieutenant and a senior lieutenant;
- 4 years to get a lieutenant commander and a captain of the 3rd rank.
- 5 years to captain 2nd and 1st rank;
- for senior officers for at least a year at the same rank.
It is also worth knowing that military ranks in the navy can be assigned if the due date has not yet passed, but the military man has shown his organizational, tactical and strategic abilities. The sailor who does not want to become an admiral is bad, all the more so, it is possible. There are many examples of ambitious, ambitious sailors who became admirals.
Regardless of the number of evaders, which is recorded annually after the end of draft campaigns, at all times there were enough guys who would like to devote their lives to the army craft. Usually there are two career trends. The first is to remain in the army under a contract after military service. However, under such a combination of circumstances, one cannot count on an officer's rank. An alternative is to enter a higher military educational institution.
It should be recalled that service in some power structures, equivalent to military service, is no less prestigious and desirable, but you can often get into such a structure after completing military service. Moreover, army everyday life in the elite troops is the key to any employment.
The navy in the dreams of young men occupies the same status as Airborne, special forces or MP. A dream can not only come true, but also lead to a serious career growth, if you fulfill a few not so difficult requirements.
The next step, which can significantly bring the guy closer to serving in the Navy, is an application to the military registration and enlistment office. Nevertheless, the decisive moment will be the demand for young recruits, which is already determined at the distribution point. As they say in army slang, it all depends on the availability of a buyer.
The importance of the navy in the defense of the country
Even devoting an article to a question covering ranks in the navy and marines of Russia, one cannot do without mentioning the merits of this type of troops in the defense capability of the state. Considering the fact that the length maritime borders Russia is about 40 thousand kilometers, only a reliable powerful fleet can prevent a threat from the sea.
Depending on the basing points, the Northern Fleet, the Black Sea, the Pacific, the Baltic and the Caspian Fleets are distinguished. The sovereignty of a country is a guarantee of the security of each of its citizens. Navy has a rather complex structure, it is represented by submarine and surface forces, naval aviation and marines. Each division has its own personal task, military personnel wear a distinctive uniform, and there are also certain differences in ranks.
Military ranks in the Russian army
In the army there is a clear distribution of the rights and duties of all personnel. Moreover, a strict hierarchy is realized through military ranks. All these ranks can be divided into two types: military and naval. Moreover, military ranks are not necessarily assigned only in ground forces. On the other hand, ship ranks are not only for those who serve on the ship.
The two types of ranks only differ in pronunciation, but general structure hierarchy is the same. So, we can distinguish non-officer and officer staff. Each military rank will correspond to a certain ship rank. Allow military personnel to maintain subordination shoulder straps .
Naval ranks ascending
For greater clarity, one should not only list all ship ranks, but also draw an analogy with military ranks, since it is the latter that are studied in sufficient detail in the OBZh course of the elementary military training section. It becomes clear why confusion arises among the younger generation precisely when trying to arrange in ascending order of hierarchical ranks in Navy, because there is no time at all for naval ranks with their shoulder straps at school.
The lowest rank that a sailor receives upon enlistment is sailor. Since 1946, this rank has been renamed from the previously existing "Red Navy", which still corresponds to the ordinary in the ground forces. On the pursuit of a sailor, only the letter “F” flaunts, corresponding to belonging to the fleet.
For outstanding achievements in military service sailor may be promoted to chief seaman. They stand on the same level as the corporals and can be appointed to the post of squad leader. The epaulette of the senior sailor contains one metal strip or a golden cloth ribbon.
Raising the rank in the fleet means conferring the title " foreman 2 articles". The sergeant staff begins with it, and in military names it is positioned as Lance Sergeant. Two stripes on the chase are absolutely similar to the corresponding land rank. The difference is only in color.
So far, the ship ranks under consideration have at least somehow been consonant with land ranks. Pure marine term - midshipman means the rank that is awarded to a soldier after graduating from the corresponding school. On land, similar provisions apply to ensigns. Midshipman And senior midshipman on shoulder straps they have two or three stars, respectively, located along.
Officer ranks begin with lieutenant. At this level of ranking, there are no differences, even shoulder straps the same. Along the epaulette is a golden stripe, which denotes a group of junior officers. A junior lieutenant has one star, a lieutenant has two, and a senior lieutenant has three. Three stars are arranged in a triangle, two across the shoulder strap and one along.
Naval rank, crowning a group of ranks of junior officers, in contrast to the combined arms rank " captain", means as lieutenant commander. Two stars across the shoulder strap and two along give the right to receive the position of commander of a warship. The rank of captain-lieutenant is awarded to a senior lieutenant only after 4 years of service.
Ship ranks, as well as in the ground forces, are assigned according to how much the soldier has the ability and desire to take charge of the area entrusted to him. All ranks of the Navy are significantly different from similar land ranks. This is due to a number of events that took place in the history of Russia.
The main changes have been:
- In 1917, in connection with the revolutionary events.
- In the period 1922-1991 during the existence of the Soviet fleet.
- At the time of the creation of the state of Russia.
All modern naval ranks can be divided into 4 general categories: conscripts, junior officers, senior officers, senior officer ranks.
Naval epaulettes were introduced in 1802. At this time, shoulder straps appeared on the shoulders of the sailors of the Baltic and Cherno navy.
In 1917, shoulder straps were abolished when Soviet authority abandoned the old imperial system. They were replaced with sleeve patches. The sailors had a long struggle for the right to wear epaulets on their shoulders, but in 1943 the epaulettes of the Navy again began to decorate the uniforms of the personnel of these types of troops.
Now the shoulder straps of all military personnel of the navy are black. The difference in ship ranks is in the location and number of distinctive signs on them.
Conscripts
In Soviet times, service in the ranks of the navy was 3 years, so many conscripts tried to avoid such a long service. They were hiding from the draft, just not to get into the fleet. Currently, the Navy is called to serve for 1 year, as well as in the ground forces.
However, due to the fact that in 2017 a decree was issued regarding military service in the ranks of the Navy, conscripts will no longer undergo it on ships and submarines. This is due to the fact that the Navy is moving to a contract basis.
In order to educate personnel more time is needed than is allotted for conscription service. Conscripts will serve exclusively in the Coast Guard or in the Marine Brigade.
Naval ranks and epaulettes in the Navy are assigned according to a certain period of service. All conscripts getting to serve in these troops receive the rank of sailor, which corresponds to the rank of private in other types of troops. During the service, if the sailor proves himself, then he can be assigned the next rank in the sailor's career, senior sailor, which is in the ground forces.
Sailors can be:
- radio technicians;
- minders;
- steering.
Those serving in the Navy of the Russian Federation who are able to take responsibility for the command of the military personnel are assigned ranks in the fleet. Each of them has characteristic insignia. To receive a specific rank, a person in the service must prove his worth and show a desire for further promotion.
Naval ranks in the navy are divided into several categories:
- Conscripts for contract and military service;
- junior officers;
- senior officers;
- senior officers.
Each soldier who falls into one of the above categories has certain responsibilities. He must strictly follow the charter and not neglect the tasks, the fulfillment of which is his primary goal.
Ranks
Military ranks are divided into ship or sea and military. The first can be assigned to employees of the surface and submarine forces. Military refers to persons who serve in the airborne, ground and space forces.
Law "On military duty and military service» The Russian Federation (Russian Federation) establishes a military rank for the military MVS.
Sailors
In the morflot, the lowest rank is a sailor The junior rank in the Navy is sailor. In the Navy, it corresponds to the private, which is given to a member of the ground forces. It is received by the draftee. The title is also given to contract soldiers who are just starting to get acquainted with military affairs.
Next comes the senior sailor. In importance, he is equal to a corporal in the army. Such a title is given to a soldier who has never violated discipline and is responsible for his own duties. Often a senior sailor becomes an assistant or even a deputy foreman of the second article.
petty officers
The most junior rank in the foremen is the foreman of the second article. A soldier of this category can count on permission to command a squad.
The sailor who is higher in rank than the foreman of the first article becomes the foreman of the first article. He is the squad leader. This rank is awarded to military personnel who have managed to show good results in the process of performing combat missions. They are also characterized by high organizational skills.
Midshipmen
Midshipman's shoulder straps The title of midshipman is given to a sailor who has managed to complete a number of training courses and programs. He corresponds to the rank of ensign in the ground forces. The midshipman is considered responsible for the performance of combat duties and organizational affairs.
Above him in rank is a senior midshipman. This rank is similar to the senior ensign in the army. He has the same responsibilities.
junior officers
The junior lieutenant occupies the initial step in the officer corps. This rule applies to both naval and land forces. A soldier with this rank may be assigned the duties of a post commander or an entire platoon. It all depends on his professional skills and discipline.
The naval rank of senior lieutenant is given to a sailor who has shown himself well while serving as an ordinary lieutenant. If the serviceman continues to give excellent performance, then he can become an assistant to the captain of a sea vessel.
Completes the junior officers of the captain-lieutenant. This is the highest rank, which in the Russian Federation corresponds to the rank of company captain in the army. A sailor has the right to become a deputy captain of a ship. He also has the prospect of becoming a company commander, in whose location several hundred subordinates fall.
senior officers
The captain in the navy has the right to hold command positions on military ships The captain of the third category is an analogue of the major in the army of the Russian Federation. Responsibilities include command of a ship appropriate to his rank. It includes anti-submarine, landing, torpedo ships, as well as minesweepers.
Captains of the second rank in importance are the same as lieutenant colonels in the ground forces. This title is given to the commanders of missile and landing ships, as well as destroyers.
The captain of the first category of the navy has the right to command ships that are distinguished by complex control and great military power. It's about about nuclear submarines, cruisers and aircraft carriers.
senior officers
Rear Admiral begins the rank of senior officers. He has a naval squadron at his disposal. Also, a soldier with such a rank can temporarily take the place of a flotilla commander. The rear admiral, in terms of his importance and duties, corresponds to a major general in the land army.
In Russia, the rank of vice admiral is provided. This soldier can replace the admiral. In importance, he is on a level with a lieutenant general in the ground forces. Flotillas are subordinate to the Vice Admiral.
Admiral, which in the land army corresponds to a colonel general, a rank higher than vice admiral. He controls and directs the actions of the fleet.
A serviceman who managed to positively prove himself in the process of fulfilling strategic, combat and organizational tasks can become an admiral of the fleet.
Insignia
Admiral of the Fleet - the highest rank in the Navy The Russian fleet has two categories of shoulder straps. Some of them are for officers, while others are for junior staff.
For sailors, midshipmen and foremen, everyday clothes are blue. Sometimes it is decorated with a silver-tone edging. On the chase there is an embroidered letter "F". Midshipmen have a dress shirt dyed beige. The dress uniform is complemented by gray-black sewn-on shoulder straps, a tunic and a coat.
Officers wear a white dress shirt, which is complemented by detachable epaulettes without piping. They are golden in color. Also featured is a beige dress shirt with epaulettes that match the tone of the outfit. She goes with a casual coat and tunic. The latest version of the uniform is complemented by black shoulder straps, which are decorated with yellow edging. On an important occasion, officers put on a front tunic, on which there are golden epaulettes trimmed in black.
According to the laws and regulations of the Russian Federation, the military personnel of the Navy have the insignia presented in the table. These data apply only to the Russian Federation.
| Rank | Marks of Excellence |
| Sailors | Shoulder straps without insignia. Senior sailors have a transverse stripe on them, it is also a galloon. |
| petty officers | Yellow galloons and stripes. The number of galloons depends on the category of the foreman. The chief serviceman of this rank has a wide longitudinal galloon. |
| Midshipmen | Shoulder straps with vertical sewn stripes without gaps. Sometimes there are edges. There are small stars in the amount of 2 or 3 pieces. |
| junior officers | Shoulder straps with a yellow stripe of a vertical type and one clearance. There are 13 mm stars. The number of stars depends on the rank. |
| senior officers | Shoulder straps with two gaps. They are complemented by stars, the size of which reaches 20 mm. The number of stars depends on the rank of the senior officer. |
| senior officers | Shoulder straps without gaps. They are decorated with stars, which reach 22 mm in size. The largest star is present on the shoulder straps of Admiral Flor. It is equal to 40 mm. |
For rivermen and sailors, shoulder straps look exactly like this. The servicemen of the river and navy have one more insignia - sleeves. They must be present on the uniform, namely on the tunics. Yellow stars and stripes are considered sleeve insignia. They are presented in the following versions:
- Junior and senior officers - a solid stripe.
- The highest composition - there is an anchor inside the star.
The number of stripes and their width depends on the rank of the serviceman.
In what other divisions are naval ranks assigned?
Naval aviation has similar ranks as naval forces In the order (with a certain sequence) of awarding insignia and ranks of the Navy, several parts participate:
- Coast security.
- Marines.
- Naval aviation.
Each of these military units is responsible for a specific range of tasks. For example, the infantry is responsible for the defense of military installations, aviation is engaged in the detection and destruction of enemy air structures, and the coast guard defends the bases of the country's fleets.
How titles are awarded
Ranks are assigned to military personnel in accordance with the established deadlines.
Important! A sailor can be given a new rank ahead of schedule if he shows special zeal for the service.
Military personnel of the Navy are assigned ranks through the following terms:
- Senior sailor - after 5 months;
- Foreman of the second article - after 1 year;
- Chief foreman - after 3 years;
- Midshipman - after 3 years;
- Junior lieutenant - after 2 years;
- Lieutenant and senior lieutenant - after 3 years;
- Captain of the 3rd category - after 4 years;
- Captain of the 2nd and 1st category - after 5 years.
The highest ranks are assigned after a year of service in the previous rank. In order to achieve a promotion, a seafarer must show himself as good specialist who is ready to take on responsible tasks and competently perform them.
Removable epaulettes of officers of the Navy with a field of black silk galloon sample 1963 (wearing history)
K.G. Chernoburov
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 24, 1963 "On changes in the description of the shoulder straps of the military personnel of the SA and Navy", announced by order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of November 5, 1963 No. 247, everyday removable shoulder straps 6 cm wide with a field of black silk galloon were introduced to the officers of the Navy without edges with gaps. For officers of the naval, engineer-ship and engineering-technical (except for units of the Navy aviation), gaps were installed in golden color, for officers of artillery, justice, veterinary and administrative services - red, for officers of aviation units - blue, quartermaster service - raspberry, and medical service - green.
Shoulder straps were made with a lining inside both from the board and from cardboard.
These shoulder straps were intended for a dark blue tunic and a blue woolen dress (for female officers). The procedure for wearing them in the Navy was determined by the Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated March 29, 1958 No. 70 “Rules for wearing military uniform military clothing Soviet army and the Navy (on Peaceful time)».
To designate military ranks, golden metal stars were used: for senior officers with a diameter of 20 mm, for junior officers with a diameter of 13 mm. The order of their placement on shoulder straps was determined according to the military rank:
| Military ranks | Number of stars | ||
| Colonel, captain 1st rank | 3 | 35 | 35 |
| Lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank | 2 | 35 | - |
| Major, captain 3rd rank | 1 | 60 | - |
| Captain, Lieutenant Commander | 4 | 30 | 25 |
| Senior Lieutenant | 3 | 35 | 35 |
| Lieutenant | 2 | 35 | - |
| Ensign | 1 | 60 | - |
| Military ranks | The order of placement of stars on the chase |
| Colonel, captain 1st rank | two lower stars on the gaps, the third is higher than the first two on the longitudinal center line |
| Lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank | in the gaps |
| Major, captain 3rd rank | on the longitudinal center line |
| Captain, Lieutenant Commander | two lower stars in the middle of the field, the third and fourth in the light, above the first two |
| Senior Lieutenant | two lower stars in the middle of the field, the third in the light, above the first two |
| Lieutenant | in the middle of the field |
| Ensign | in the light |
| Service name | Types of emblems | Emblem color |
| Naval Engineering Service | Adjustable wrench and hammer | Silver |
| Silver | ||
| Engineering and technical service for officers (except for aviation units) with higher technical education | Adjustable wrench and hammer | Golden |
| The same, in parts of aviation | Golden | |
| Artillery | gun barrels | Silver |
| medical service | Bowl with a snake | Golden |
| veterinary service | Bowl with a snake | Silver |
| Justice | Shield with two swords | Golden |
Emblems on shoulder straps were placed on the longitudinal center line at a distance of 90-100 mm from the lower edge of the shoulder strap to the center of the emblem.
Asterisks and emblems were used made of both heavy metal (Fig. 1-7) and aluminum (Fig. 8-13).
For fastening shoulder straps, buttons with a diameter of 14 mm were used, depending on the service, golden or silver, made of heavy metal (Fig. 14 - 15) or aluminum (Fig. 16 - 18):
| Service name | Button color |
| ship service | Golden |
| Naval Engineering Service | Golden |
| Engineering and technical service for officers serving on ships and in the headquarters of ship formations | Golden |
| Engineering and technical service (except for aviation units) | Silver |
| Aviation | Golden |
| Engineering and technical service in aviation units | Silver |
| Artillery | Golden |
| medical service | Silver |
| veterinary service | Silver |
| Justice | Silver |
| Quartermaster service | Silver |
| Administrative service | Silver |
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Fig.14. Golden brass shoulder button with steel base, 14 mm. |
Fig.15. Silver "heavy" shoulder button with steel base, 14 mm. |
Fig.16. Golden aluminum shoulder button with steel base, 14 mm. |
Fig.17. Golden aluminum one-piece stamped button, 14 mm. |
Fig.18. Silver aluminum shoulder button with steel base, 14 mm. |
And this is what the shoulder straps of Navy officers of various services look like.
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Engineering and technical service (except for aviation units) officers with higher technical education |
Engineering and technical service (except for aviation units) officers who do not have a higher technical education |
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Fig.21. Major Engineer and Lieutenant Engineer |
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Marines |
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By Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of September 26, 1963 No. 1036 - 361 and Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of November 05, 1963 No. 248, officers of the newly created units of the marine corps introduced a field tunic, black, with a turn-down collar and a black field jacket. Removable shoulder straps with a field of black silk galloon with red gaps of the existing sample were installed on these uniforms (Fig. 31).
As an experiment for officers of the Navy, Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of 1964 No. 55 introduced everyday removable shoulder straps 6 cm wide with a field of black silk galloon with piping of instrument cloth, the same color as the gaps (Fig. 32 - 33). In parallel with them, shoulder straps of the 1963 model continued to be worn. The order of wearing the newly introduced shoulder straps was determined by the Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of May 26, 1964 No. 130. They did not last long, and were canceled by Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of 1965 No. 179.
On September 17, 1966, by order of the USSR Ministry of Defense No. 220, in accordance with Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 31, 1966, No. 700, a raincoat made of black cotton or synthetic fabric, single-breasted with a belt, with a turn-down collar and open lapels was introduced for Navy officers. The same raincoat was installed for officers of the MCH PV KGB. On this item of uniform, removable shoulder straps were worn with a field of black silk galloon of the existing sample.
It should be noted that fittings made of "heavy" metals ceased to be produced in the early 60s, and it was gradually forced out of circulation by fittings made of aluminum. Which, in turn, underwent changes in the second half of the 60s (Fig. 34 - 41): so the stars of junior officers with a diameter of 13 mm became of a different pattern, and the emblems took on a slightly different look.
In this form, the fittings lasted until the moment of its abolition. It can only be mentioned that the emblems of artillery (Fig. 42) and engineering technical service in parts of aviation (Fig. 43), as well as linear sprockets produced in the 80s have a rougher performance than those made in the late 60s and 70s.
Shoulder straps of officers of the Navy with modified aluminum fittings, second half of the 60s.
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Engineering and technical service for officers serving on ships and in the headquarters of ship formations |
Engineering and technical service (except for aviation units) officers with higher technical education |
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Fig.46. Engineer - Major and Junior Technician - Lieutenant |
Fig.47. Engineer - lieutenant colonel and engineer - lieutenant |
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Engineering and technical service of aviation units officers with higher technical education |
Engineering and technical service of aviation units officers who do not have a higher technical education |
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Fig.52. Major Engineer and Lieutenant Engineer |
July 26, 1969 by order of the Minister of Defense of the USSR No. 190 pursuant to the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of May 30, 1969 No. 417 "On improving the uniform of the military personnel of the Soviet Army and Navy"Changes have been made to the insignia and uniforms of Navy officers:
- removable shoulder straps with a field of black silk galloon with green gaps have been abolished;
- officers of the medical, administrative, veterinary services and justice are equipped with removable shoulder straps with a field of black silk galloon with crimson gaps;
- the raincoat of the 1966 model was abolished;
- jacket introduced of blue color cotton with removable black shoulder straps of the existing sample;
- for officers of the Marine Corps, instead of a field tunic, a black woolen or cotton tunic with a turn-down collar, with a secret fastener, with two welt chest pockets, with removable black shoulder straps of the existing sample, was introduced.
The procedure for wearing shoulder straps in the Navy was determined by the Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated July 26, 1969 No. 191 "On the Enactment of the Rules for Wearing Military Uniforms by the Servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy." The order of placement of stars and emblems on shoulder straps, as well as the color of the buttons, remained the same.
The image of shoulder straps of officers of the medical, administrative, veterinary services and justice of the Navy of the 1969 model is shown in Fig. 59 - 62, for other categories the shoulder straps remained the same (Fig. 44 - 53 and 56).
Presumably in 1973 (I have no documentary evidence) the image of the anchor on the buttons changed (Fig. 63 - 64).
On November 1, 1973, Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense No. 250 “On the Enactment of the Rules for Wearing Military Uniforms by Servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy” was issued, which established golden buttons for all categories of Navy servicemen, canceling silver ones. The name of some Navy emblems has also been changed:
| Service name | Types of emblems | Emblem color |
| Ship officers with military engineering ranks | Adjustable wrench and hammer | Silver |
| Officers with military ranks of technical service serving on ships and in the headquarters of ship formations | Gear with three-blade propeller | Silver |
| Officers (except for naval personnel and aviation) with engineering military ranks | Adjustable wrench and hammer | Golden |
| Aviation officers holding engineering military ranks or military technical service ranks | Red sprocket, motor, propeller and wings | Golden |
| Artillery | gun barrels | Silver |
| medical service | Bowl with a snake | Golden |
| veterinary service | Bowl with a snake | Silver |
| Justice | Shield with two swords | Golden |
Emblems on shoulder straps were placed on the longitudinal center line at a distance of 100 mm from the lower edge of the shoulder strap to the center of the emblem.
Removable shoulder straps of officers of the Navy made of black silk galloon by Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated November 1, 1973 No. 250:
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Justice |
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Fig.79. Justice Captain |
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 10, 1980, announced by the Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated March 15, 1980 No. 85, made further changes to the insignia of military personnel, among other things, removable shoulder straps made of black silk galloon with crimson gaps were canceled. Officers of the medical, commissariat, administrative, veterinary services and justice were provided with removable shoulder straps made of black silk galloon with red gaps (Fig. 80 - 84).
Fig.83. Colonel of Administrative Service and Senior Lieutenant of Administrative Service
The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 15, 1981 “On the insignia of the military personnel of the Armed Forces of the USSR”, announced by the order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of May 28, 1981 No. 145, consolidated the accumulated changes in the insignia of military personnel and established the wearing of shoulder straps for naval aviation officers (Fig. 86) aviation emblems (Fig. 85).
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 26, 1984, special military ranks of engineering and technical staff, military ranks of quartermaster, veterinary and administrative services were abolished for officers. The officer corps was recertified.
Silver emblems: "Officers of the ship's staff with military engineering ranks", "Officers with military ranks of technical service serving on ships and in the headquarters of ship formations", "Veterinary Service" and "Artillery", as well as golden emblems: "Officers (other than naval personnel and aviation) holding military engineering ranks" and "Aviation officers holding military engineering ranks or military technical service ranks" were abolished in 1986.
Navy artillery officers were given golden emblems (Fig. 87).
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 27, 1985, announced by order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of 1986 No. 10, changes were made to the description of shoulder straps of military personnel, including removable shoulder straps of officers made of black silk galloon (Fig. 88 - 93).
Removable shoulder straps of officers of the Navy made of black silk galloon by Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated 1986 No. 10:
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated March 4, 1988 No. 250 “On the Enactment of the Rules for Wearing Military Uniforms by the Servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy” changed the distance of fastening the stars on the shoulder straps of officers:
| Military ranks | Number of stars | Distance in mm from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap to the center of the first sprocket | Distance in mm between the centers of sprockets along the shoulder strap |
| Colonel, captain 1st rank | 3 | 30 | 25 |
| Lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank | 2 | 30 | - |
| Major, captain 3rd rank | 1 | 45 | - |
| Captain, Lieutenant Commander | 4 | 30 | 25 |
| Senior Lieutenant | 3 | 30 | 25 |
| Lieutenant | 2 | 30 | - |
| Ensign | 1 | 45 | - |
Removable shoulder straps of officers of the Navy made of black silk galloon by Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated March 04, 1988 No. 250:
In 1991, the USSR ceased to exist. In 1994, for the military personnel of the Russian Armed Forces, including for officers of the Navy, new form and insignia. Shoulder straps of the 1963 model have gone down in history.
Literature
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated March 29, 1958 No. 70 “Rules for wearing military uniforms by servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy (for peacetime)”;
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated November 05, 1963 No. 248;
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated May 26, 1964 No. 130 "With the announcement of the Description of the uniforms of the military personnel of the Soviet Army and Navy";
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense of July 26, 1969 No. 190 "On improving the uniform of the military personnel of the Soviet Army and Navy";
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated July 26, 1969 No. 191 “On the Enactment of the Rules for Wearing Military Uniforms by Servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy”;
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated November 1, 1973 No. 250 “On the Enactment of the Rules for Wearing Military Uniforms by Servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy”;
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated May 28, 1981 No. 145 "On the insignia of the military personnel of the Armed Forces of the USSR and marshal insignia";
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 27, 1985 "On introducing changes and additions to the description and samples (drawings) of shoulder straps of military personnel and sleeve insignia of admirals and officers of the naval personnel of the Armed Forces of the USSR";
Order of the USSR Ministry of Defense dated March 04, 1988 No. 250 “On the Enactment of the Rules for Wearing Military Uniforms by Servicemen of the Soviet Army and Navy”.