1. Puzzle “Decipher the phrase”
Skipping the same number of divisions clockwise, read the encrypted phrase. Start with the outer circle.
Answer: All cells have a similar structure and chemical composition.
2. Monogram “Cage”
A monogram is a recording of words with letters drawn in geometric shapes one into the other.
To read a monogram, you need to find all the letters drawn in it and make a word or a whole phrase out of them.
Answer: cell.
3. Monograms “Cell Substances”
Find all the letters in the monograms and read the names chemical substances that make up plant cells.
Answer: 1. Proteins. 2. Carbohydrates. 3. Fats. 4. Water. 5. Mineral salts.
4. Cryptogram "Cage and magnifying devices"
Arrange the letters of the keywords by numbers in the cells and read the cryptogram.
Answer: eyepiece, preparation, lens, magnifying glass, chromosomes, cytoplasm, nuclei, skin, Linnaeus (cell).
Having solved this rebus, you will find out which substances that make up the cells and tissues of plants are organic.
Answer: carbohydrates, proteins and fats are organic substances.
Write in the cells of the crossword puzzle the names of the corresponding parts of the microscope and cell organelles, as well as the name of the scientist who first discovered cellular structure plants.
If the task is completed correctly, then in the selected vertical row you will read the name of the science that studies the structure and life of the cell ( cytology).
Answer: 1. Cytoplasm. 2. Lens. 3. Tube. 4. Shell. 5. Eyepiece. 6. Vacuole. 7. Hook. 8. Tripod. 9. Core.
7. Labyrinth
Find the beginning of the maze and read one of the main provisions of biology.
Answer: the transmission of hereditary properties by cells is associated with chromosomes.
Write the names of the parts and organelles of the plant cell so that the letter “o” is common to all lines. Use the numbers of the numbered words to indicate the corresponding parts of the cell in the figure.
Answer: 1. It's time. 2. Core. 3. Cytoplasm. 4. Leukoplasts. 5. Chromoplasts. 6. Chloroplasts.
Horizontally: 5. Space between cells. 7. The most important process of vital activity of cells and the whole organism. 10. Cell plastid stained orange. 11. A large vial filled with cell sap. 12. A small dense body located in the cell nucleus. 15. The optical part of the microscope, directed to the preparation. 17. Spotting scope of a microscope. 19. The optical part of the microscope, which is looked into. 20. A substance that is part of the cell wall. 22. Colorless viscous intracellular contents. 23. Thinner sections of the cell membrane.
Vertically: 1. Optical magnifying device. 2. The process leading to an increase in the number of cells. 3. A small dense body in the cytoplasm of the cell. 4. Dutch scientist who improved the Jansen microscope. 6. Magnifying glass in a frame. 8. Cylindrical body, transmitting hereditary traits from cell to cell. 9. Green plastid. 13. The process leading to an increase in cell size. 14. Part of the cell. 16. Organic substances that make up the cell. 18. Optical part of the microscope. 21. A substance that accounts for 80-95% of the mass of a plant.
Answer: Horizontally: 5. Intercellular. 7. Breath. 10. Chromoplast. 11. Vacuole. 12. Nucleolus. 15. Lens. 17. Tube. 19. Eyepiece. 20. Cellulose. 22. Cytoplasm. 23. It's time. Vertical: 1. Microscope. 2. Division. 3. Core. 4. Leeuwenhoek. 6. Loupe. 8. Chromosomes. 9. Chloroplast. 13. Growth. 14. Shell. 16. Proteins. 18. Mirror. 21. Water.
In preparation for the game, students are encouraged to read:
- Butenko R.G. Cell life outside the body. Moscow: Knowledge, 1975.
- Verzilin N.M. In the footsteps of Robinson. - Gardens and parks of the world. - Traveling with house plants. L .: Children's literature, 1964, 1970.
- Denisova G.A. amazing world plants. M.: Education, 1973.
- Plant Life / Ed. A.A.nbsp; Fedorova. Moscow: Education, 1974-1982. T.1.
- Ivchenko S.I. Entertaining biology. Moscow: Young guard, 1972.
- Timiryazev K.A. Plant life. L .: Young Guard, 1950.
- Travkin M.N. Interesting experiments with plants. M.: Uchpedgiz, 1960.
REBUSES IN BIOLOGY LESSONS
Introduction
Modern approaches to school education require the use of a variety of active, developing forms and methods of teaching. As one of these forms, you can use puzzles with a biological theme.
A rebus is one of the types of puzzles, a riddle formulated in the form of a picture (or photograph) in combination with letters, numbers, signs, symbols, figures.
Solving various puzzles and inventing them is gymnastics for developing the intellect of students, a fascinating way to develop thinking, and the process of inventing puzzles develops much more mental qualities than simple solving.
This is a great opportunity to replenish vocabulary in a playful entertaining way, gain knowledge about specific terminology, scientific binary names of plants and animals. . Having solved an unknown concept, students think about its meaning. Solving, without the use of images, the names of familiar or unknown biological objects is of a cognitive nature, serves to broaden one's horizons, develop creativity students.
Biological puzzles of the scientific names of plants, animals, fungi - developed as a result of many years of work by a teacher of biology and ecology, as well as a teacher additional education. They are systematically applied both in the classroom and in extracurricular activities: during the work of the school ecological association of students, the ecological and local history section at regional tourist, ecological and local history festivals, training camps, during classes in a summer camp with a day stay.
Target: improvement of the mental apparatus of students through the use of puzzles with a biological theme
Tasks:
1. Form an idea of scientific terminology.
2. Deepen the theoretical knowledge of students in botany, zoology, ecology.
3. To develop observation, resourcefulness, ingenuity, the ability to reason logically, creative imagination, figurative and abstract thinking.
4. Contribute to the formation of individual and collective forms of decision making.
Initially, the puzzles were drawn by me on strips of cardboard, later, with the advent of computer technology, they were scanned, edited in the Paint program and transferred to electronic form. Currently, puzzles are created immediately in electronic form.
The developed puzzles are used in presentations that include audio and video fragments, which increases the interest and emotional perception of the material.
The basic techniques for compiling a rebus.
1. The objects and living beings depicted in the drawings most often (with rare exceptions) read like words in the nominative case
and singular. Sometimes the desired object in the picture is indicated by an arrow
2. Turning “upside down” a picture, sign, symbol, figure serves to indicate that the word guessed with the help of the picture should be read backwards.
3. The use of commas (also inverted commas) to the left or right of the picture serves to indicate that a certain number of initial or final letters should be removed from the word guessed using the picture. Wherein:
- the number of commas corresponds to the number of deleted letters;
- commas to the left of the picture indicate the removal of the initial letters of the word;
- commas to the right of the picture indicate the removal of the final letters of the word.
Key - LU-
Keith - TIK
4. The placement of a letter or several letters to the right (left) of the picture, or between the pictures, serves to indicate that this letter (several letters) should be added in this place of the word to be guessed.
5. Equal sign between letters means replacing a certain letter (or combination of letters) of a word with another letter (or combination of letters). The equal sign can be replaced with an arrow. The replacement action is also indicated in a third way - the letters that are replaced are crossed out, and substituting ones are written above them (nearby).
Wind - WIND -
Thread - NICHKA
Hammer - OTO-
Magnet - GN -
Duck - UTA-
Anemone bent
6. Placing a row of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 (and so on) over the picture serves to number the letters in the hidden word (number 1 means the first letter of the word, number 2 - the second, and so on). Wherein:
- changing the order of the numbers serves as a hint: "Change the order of the letters in the hidden word"
- the use of numbers in fewer numbers than letters in the hidden word serves as a hint that only the specified number of letters should be selected from the hidden word
The use of crossed out numbers serves as a hint that the corresponding letters should be removed from the hidden word. (The crossed out number may not be in the row of other numbers, while its meaning is the same.)
Zebra - BIRCH,
Cook - POV-
Fox - ISLA-
birch drooping
7. The use of a horizontal line between pictures placed one under the other, letters serves to encrypt the letter combinations “on”, “above”, “under”, as well as the prepositions “on”, “above”, “under”, if any phrase.
8. The use of a different arrangement of pictures, letters relative to each other (one inside the other, one after the other, one scattered over the other, some “run” to others, some “leave” others, and so on) serves to encrypt letters and letter combinations “in ”, “to”, “y”, “from”, “for”, “to”, “from”, “on”, “before” and many others
, 
Under OSI, BUT in I K - boletus
According to NI k + sha - drooping
, 
, 
FOREST on I - forest, SWAMP on I - swamp,
SHEET on I - sheet
9. Use of figures and numbers. They serve to encrypt parts of words or sentences consonant with the pronunciation of numbers and numbers. For example: 40 A (forty)
10. A question mark is placed where it is necessary to reverse Special attention
11. The use of the above and other similar techniques in a variety of combinations allows you to compose a rebus of any degree of complexity
Examples of using puzzles in biology lessons
6th grade .
Section "General acquaintance with plants"
Topics: Variety of plants. plant life conditions. Habitat diversity .
Purpose of using puzzles
Warm-up at the beginning of the lesson - solving 1-3 puzzles.
After solving, students are shown images and herbariums of plants.
At the end of the lesson, students should determine:
1. Cultivated or wild plant data.
2. Poisonous or edible?
3. How are they used by humans (food, medicinal, weeds…)?
4. What is the life form of the plant (tree, bush, herbaceous...)
5. Under what conditions does it grow?
6. What factors influence the distribution of plants?
buttercup caustic (key h, whale - tick, bucket ro, cue)
Wild strawberry (snake - earth, la, thread - nick, forest on I)
Linden small-leaved (ruler, lamp, broom, scythe, sheet on I)
Marsh marigold (ka pl i, already, ladder, bolt - swamps on i)
Ural anemone (wind - wind, mill, ur on, cal mar, plank, i d)
Valerian officinalis
(valenok, mushroom b, banana n, forest, cancer-car, glass, bath-venna, ball)
Chapter "The main divisions of the plant kingdom"
Topic"The concept of plant systematics"
Targetuse of puzzles: consolidation key concepts Keywords: taxonomy, species, genus, binary classification.
Tasks:
Solve puzzles
Explain through generic and specific names the features of unraveled plants
Make your own puzzles on a given topic
When fixing the studied material, puzzles are solved:
drooping birch (zebra - birch, pov ar, fox - isla, i d); ( according to NI k + shaya)
Nettle deaf (crab b, pi in A, needle a, ear, i d)
Wormwood (sapo g, skiing, stump, mountain a, b, bank, ball h)
In the course of solving it is necessary to answer the following questions:
1. Which word is generic and which is specific?
2. What features do these plants have?
3. What types of birch, nettle, wormwood are known to students?
Explanations for the third question:
Two types of birches grow near the school: drooping birch (drooping) and fluffy birch (white), past which students pass, in addition, they know dwarf birch.
Nettle deaf (white stinging nettle) is not familiar to most students, but from the herbarium specimen and photographs, external similarities can be found with dioica and stinging nettles.
Herbariums and photographs of wormwood, common (chernobyl), tarragon (grown in many gardens) are offered
At the end of the lesson, 2 sets of items are offered (images on a magnetic or interactive whiteboard):
1. take t, per yats, push ka, lit sparkler ( is kra), that h, I blocko;
2. tap kra n, saw(l = v), beetle(k = d), cha sy, I egg
In a competitive form, 2 teams (2 people each) must make puzzles: fluffy birch and stinging nettle
Homework: compose puzzles for these plants: field bell, black poplar - black poplar, pharmacy chamomile, medicinal dandelion, large plantain (or take the names of plants from the textbook)
Additional puzzle:
Creeping wheatgrass
Chapter: Kingdom Mushrooms
Topic: The variety and importance of mushrooms
Purpose of using puzzles: activation cognitive activity through game elements
Rebuses are used during the lesson as clues to the questions posed:
Explain the concept of "mycorrhiza" by solving the rebus:
boletus
Guess the riddle:
There is a mischievous old woman, she has a pale hat on,
On the stockings are mottled, and the leg is in the boot,
Around the gate - openly.
Whoever touches her will never wake up.
Death cap
Guess the riddle: Born in the basement, useful in noodles
Explain the use of the black background using knowledge of the way the fungus is fed.
Champignon
Give as detailed a description of these mushrooms as possible.
7th grade Biology. Animals
Program V.M.Konstantinov, I.N.Ponomareva, V.S.Kuchmenko
1. Section: Type Chordates, superclass Pisces
Topics: The main systematic groups of fish.
Commercial fish. Their use and protection
Purpose of using puzzles: activation of cognitive activity through game elements
Lesson stage- examination homework, repetition, generalization of the studied.
The form of the lesson is the game "Fishing"
Students optionally go to the board, solve the proposed rebus, and then draw out the question written on the card in the form of a fish. When answering a question for each position, the indicated feature, an explanation of its structure, meaning, origin, etc. receive tokens, depending on the number of which the rating is set.
Questions can be related both to the general characteristics of fish, the characteristics of systematic groups, and to the characteristics of a particular species.
Several puzzles are accompanied by a number of images of fish, where you need to select the species you are looking for.
At the final lesson, they solve a test using questions - rebuses.
Katran Black Sea (coil, knapsack, hell, but with, carrots, socks, beehive)
Chekhon - saber fish (turtle, ear, fire, roof, bow, saber)
Exercise
Determine which fish in question:
Fish of the sturgeon order
Sturgeon family, sturgeon family
The only one of its kind constantly lives in the rivers (not passing), the maximum length is 1 - 1.2 meters with a weight of 16 kg. It becomes sexually mature at 3 - 9 years old, spawns from 6 to 140 thousand eggs.
Occurs in Kama and Chusovaya.
(Naumov N.P., Kartashev N.N. Vertebrate Zoology. - Part 1.-
Inferior chordates, jawless, fish, amphibians: A textbook for biologist.spec.un-t. - M .: Higher. School, 1979. 333 p., ill.)
Page 181
Sterlet(from the boat th, rook - frog I)
carp (board, ra arc, axis)
Pink salmon (horn - mountains, pin, ball)
Horse mackerel (a hundred kan, in esy, mushroom b, yes rts)
Mackerel (disk, paper - umb, aquarium mind, ball h)
Barracuda (crab - bar, crayfish, magnifying glass, water)
bullhead sculpin (to, watch, sock, horseshoe, steelyard, box)
Coelacanth(la petit, meter, lily)
2. Section: Bird class
The final generalizing lesson on the topic "Birds"
Frontal survey in the form of the game "Bird Auction"
The purpose of the lesson: repetition of the studied material, knowledge testing
Purpose of using puzzles: activation of activity through game elements
Lesson plan:
Definition of the goal, explanation of the rules of the game.
Bird auction game
Summing up the results of the game, scoring.
Equipment: puzzles with encrypted names of birds, plastic tokens.
Game description:
Auction - a form of trade in goods is carried out strictly according to certain rules. The rules require a price increase during the bidding process. The purpose of the auction: to obtain the maximum price from the goods sold during the competition between potential buyers.
6 lots are put up for the auction lesson - 6 rebuses with the names of birds. After solving the puzzle, students buy it. Cash is knowledge materialized in tokens. The competition consists in the fact that students take turns describing the features of the external, internal structure, the origin of birds ( common signs), features of behavior, reproduction, habitats, nature of nutrition, etc. (species characteristics), not seeing the image of the bird. For each answer, tokens are issued, and for each next - 1 token more than for the previous answer (practice has shown that the simplest signs are called faster, so the last answers are deservedly evaluated by a large number of tokens)
During the game, students demonstrate not only the knowledge gained in the study of school material, but also their own observations, additional information
Rules:
1. For each solved word of the rebus - 2 tokens.
2. To work on each lot 5 - 7 minutes
3. First stage competitions take place in turn, established by the teacher, then - on a raised hand.
4. Answers given out of turn are not evaluated, but this sign (example) can be voiced by the next player.
5. Examples (features) mentioned earlier during the "sale" of a particular lot cannot be repeated.
6. For better repetition of the material and more answers, repetitions are possible, for example, 1, 3 lots - answers are given on general questions of the external structure and lifestyle of birds, 2, 4 - internal structure, 3-6 - general features of reproduction, development and origin birds.
7. At the end of the auction lesson, students count the tokens and set the final price of the answers - for every 10 tokens, the score is "5", the remaining tokens in the number 9,8,7 - "4", the student who scored 11 - 16 tokens, if desired, receives two "4" marks.
field lark(shovel - floor, E in O Y, puddle, funnel, window)
barn swallow (wood, stump, board, I, flippers, dot)
peregrine falcon (sock, table, sap og, san ki)
house sparrow (house, vegetables, Y, turn, tooth, penny)
spotted woodpecker (kop yo, st st, fish, Y d o, heel, ate)
Pastor (rose a, O v y y, frying pan - squaw, pepper)
№1
Conifers are the main forest-forming species.
2. Rebus "Air in a coniferous forest"
Why is the air in coniferous forests practically free of pathogenic bacteria - microbes?
№2
The needles secrete phytoncides that kill microbes.
3. Rebus "Wood of coniferous plants"
What are the features of coniferous wood?
№3
Coniferous wood contains resin passages.
4. Puzzle-proverb 1
Find the beginning and clue to the proverb puzzle. Read the proverb and explain its meaning.
№4
To destroy a tree - in five minutes, and to grow it - years will pass.
5. Puzzle-proverb 2
In a clockwise direction, skipping the same number of syllables, read the proverb, explain its meaning.
№5
A lot of forest - do not destroy, little forest - take care, no forest - plant.
6. Puzzle "Date of Birth"
Decipher the puzzle and you will know when the gymnosperms appeared
7. Puzzle " Distinctive feature»
This puzzle will tell you which distinctive feature gymnosperms differ.
8. Puzzle "Secret of Russian forests"
Solve this puzzle and you will find out which coniferous tree is widespread in our country.
№8
Larch is the pride of Russian forests.
9. Braid "Coniferous"
The names of 9 gymnosperms and one product obtained in the form of cereals from a tropical gymnosperm plant similar to a palm tree are intertwined here horizontally and vertically. Some of the letters in the braid are hidden.
№9
Horizontally: ginkgo, ephedra, gnetum, sago.
Vertically: thuja, biota, yew, fir, cedar, spruce.
10. Maze "Symbiosis"
On soils rich organic matter and raw humus, a symbiosis of trees and fungi occurs. After passing through the maze, find the pairs of symbiosis.
№10
1.white mushroom - pine, oak, spruce. 2. butter dish - larch. 3. boletus - birch, aspen
11. Chinvord "Botany"
A giant tree in the African savannas that has been living for over 5,000 years.
Deciduous tree with hard wood.
Plantain inflorescence.
Conifer tree.
Juicy seedlings of the southern plant of the same name.
Generative organ of higher plants.
Deciduous tree of the genus maple.
Queen of flowers.
A fruit tree that forms a fruit - a large, sweet, juicy yellow drupe.
Shrub and its delicious berries.
Ornamental plant of the Asteraceae family.
Indoor and garden, beautiful flowering plant.
The most common fruit tree in central Russia.
Pear fruit.
Shrub with nuts.
A herbaceous plant with a purple corolla.
Southern plant with modified spiny leaves.
№11
1. Baobab. 2. Beech. 3. Spike. 4. Pine. 5. Pineapple. 6. Seed. 7. Sycamore. 8. Rose. 9. Apricot. 10. Currant. 11. Astra. 12. Azalea. 13. Apple tree. 14. Apple. 15. Hazel. 16. Bell. 17. Cactus.
12. Symbols
A word is formed from the first letters of the names of astronomical, topographical and chemical signs and symbols. Guess him.