Lev Lvovich Rakov(August 9, 1904, Yakutsk - February 8, 1970, Leningrad) - Soviet historian, museum worker, writer, memoirist; in 1947-1950 - director of the Public Library in Leningrad.
Biography
The son of a lawyer and professional revolutionary L. V. Tesler, was born in the place of exile of his parents. From 1905 he lived with his mother in St. Petersburg, studied at various faculties of Leningrad University (with interruptions; graduated in 1929). In the early 1920s, he became close to M. Kuzmin, was the addressee of his poems of 1923-1924. (cycle "New Ghoul"); friendly relations with Kuzmin remained until the latter's death. Since 1931 - at work in the Hermitage (since 1937 - scientific secretary). He taught history at LIFLI and LGPI. Candidate of Historical Sciences (1938).
Arrest
In November 1938 he was arrested as "an active member of the counter-revolutionary Menshevik organization" and spent a year in solitary confinement. In December 1939, the charges were dropped, he was reinstated in the post of scientific secretary of the Hermitage, in July 1940 he headed the department of weapons and military affairs there, in April 1941 - the department of the history of Russian culture.
In July 1941, he volunteered for the Red Army, participated in the battles to break the blockade of Leningrad (Jan. 1943) and near Sinyavino (July-Aug. 1943). He completed military service with the rank of colonel. From 1944 to 1947 - director of the permanent exhibition "Heroic Defense of Leningrad" (since 1946 - Museum of the Defense and Siege of Leningrad, closed by decision of the party leadership in 1949).
In 1954 he was released, the case was dismissed due to the "lack of corpus delicti"; At the same time, a deputy was appointed director of the All-Union Pushkin Museum and director Scientific Library Academy of Arts.
In the mid-1950s, in collaboration with D. N. Alshitz, he wrote the satirical plays “More dangerous than the enemy” and “What will they say tomorrow?” Performances based on them were staged at the Comedy Theater and designed by N. P. Akimov.
Retired since 1962. He was buried at the Serafimovsky cemetery in St. Petersburg.
Awards
- Order of the Patriotic War I and II degree;
- medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945";
- Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad"
Write a review on the article "Rakov, Lev Lvovich"
Links
An excerpt characterizing Rakov, Lev Lvovich
Despite the fact that the solitaire converged, Pierre did not go to the army, but remained in deserted Moscow, still in the same anxiety, indecision, in fear and together in joy, expecting something terrible.The next day, the princess left in the evening, and his commander-in-chief came to Pierre with the news that the money he required for uniforming the regiment could not be obtained unless one estate was sold. The commander-in-chief generally represented to Pierre that all these undertakings of the regiment were supposed to ruin him. Pierre could hardly hide his smile, listening to the manager's words.
“Well, sell it,” he said. “What can I do, I can’t refuse now!”
The worse the state of all affairs, and especially his affairs, the more pleasant it was for Pierre, the more obvious it was that the catastrophe for which he was waiting was approaching. Already almost none of Pierre's acquaintances was in the city. Julie has gone, Princess Mary has gone. Of close acquaintances, only the Rostovs remained; but Pierre did not go to them.
On this day, Pierre, in order to have fun, went to the village of Vorontsovo to watch a big balloon, which was built by Leppich to destroy the enemy, and a trial balloon, which was supposed to be launched tomorrow. This ball was not yet ready; but, as Pierre learned, it was built at the request of the sovereign. The sovereign wrote to Count Rostopchin about this ball as follows:
"Aussitot que Leppich sera pret, composez lui un equipage pour sa nacelle d" hommes surs et intelligents et depechez un courrier au general Koutousoff pour l "en prevenir. Je l "ai instruit de la chose.
Recommandez, je vous prie, a Leppich d "etre bien attentif sur l" endroit ou il descendra la premiere fois, pour ne pas se tromper et ne pas tomber dans les mains de l "ennemi. Il est indispensable qu" il combine ses mouvements avec le general en chef.
[As soon as Leppich is ready, make up a crew for his boat from the faithful and smart people and send a courier to General Kutuzov to warn him.
I informed him about it. Please inspire Leppich to pay careful attention to the place where he will descend for the first time, so as not to make a mistake and fall into the hands of the enemy. It is necessary that he consider his movements with the movements of the commander-in-chief.]
Returning home from Vorontsovo and driving along Bolotnaya Square, Pierre saw a crowd at the Execution Ground, stopped and got off the droshky. It was the execution of a French chef accused of espionage. The execution had just ended, and the executioner was untying a pitifully groaning fat man with red whiskers, blue stockings and a green jacket from the mare. Another criminal, thin and pale, was standing right there. Both, judging by their faces, were French. With a frightened, painful look, similar to that of a thin Frenchman, Pierre pushed his way through the crowd.
- What is this? Who? For what? he asked. But the attention of the crowd - officials, bourgeois, merchants, peasants, women in coats and fur coats - was so eagerly focused on what was happening at the Execution Ground that no one answered him. The fat man got up, frowning, shrugged his shoulders and, obviously wanting to express firmness, began to put on his doublet without looking around him; but suddenly his lips trembled, and he wept, angry with himself, as adult sanguine people weep. The crowd spoke loudly, as it seemed to Pierre, in order to drown out the feeling of pity in itself.
- Someone's cook is princely ...
“What, Monsieur, it’s clear that the Russian sauce was sour for the Frenchman ... he set his mouth on edge,” said the wrinkled clerk, who was standing next to Pierre, while the Frenchman began to cry. The clerk looked around him, apparently expecting an assessment of his joke. Some laughed, some fearfully continued to look at the executioner, who was undressing another.
Pierre sniffled through his nose, grimaced and, quickly turning around, went back to the droshky, without ceasing to mutter something to himself while he walked and sat down. As the journey progressed, he shuddered several times and cried out so loudly that the coachman asked him:
- What do you order?
– Where are you going? - Pierre shouted at the coachman, who was leaving for the Lubyanka.
“They ordered to the commander-in-chief,” answered the coachman. ( 1904-08-09 )
Lev Lvovich Rakov(August 9, 1904, Yakutsk - February 8, 1970, Leningrad) - Soviet historian, museum worker, writer, memoirist; in 1947-1950 - director of the Public Library in Leningrad.
Biography
The son of a lawyer and professional revolutionary L. V. Tesler, was born in the place of exile of his parents. From 1905 he lived with his mother in St. Petersburg, studied at various faculties of the local university (with interruptions; graduated in 1929). In the early 1920s, he becomes close to M. Kuzmin, is the addressee of his poems of 1923-1924 (cycle "New Gul"); friendly relations with Kuzmin remained until the latter's death. Since 1931 - at work in the Hermitage (since 1937 - scientific secretary). He taught history at LIFLI and LGPI. Candidate of Historical Sciences (1938).
Arrest
In November 1938 he was arrested as "an active member of the counter-revolutionary Menshevik organization" and spent a year in solitary confinement. In December 1939, the charges were dropped, he was reinstated in the post of scientific secretary of the Hermitage, in July 1940 he headed the department of weapons and military affairs there, in April 1941 - the department of the history of Russian culture.
In July 1941, he volunteered for the Red Army, participated in the battles to break the blockade of Leningrad (January 1943) and near Sinyavino (July-August 1943). He completed military service with the rank of colonel. From 1944 to 1947 - director of the permanent exhibition "The Heroic Defense of Leningrad" (since 1946 - the Museum of Defense and Siege of Leningrad, closed by decision of the party leadership in 1949).
Since 1947 - director of the GPB, who did a lot for its development and renewal scientific work in library. Released from office during the campaign against cosmopolitanism in March 1950 and re-arrested the same year. Sentenced by the VKVS to death, which was replaced by 25 years in prison with disqualification for 5 years and confiscation of property. He served his sentence in the Vladimir prison in the same cell with the writer and philosopher D. L. Andreev and academician of medicine V. V. Parin. They co-wrote a fictional parody biographical encyclopedia
Biographical dictionary, vols. 1-4
(08/09/1904, Yakutsk - 02/08/1970, Leningrad), historian, dir. PB in 1947-50.
Father L. V. Tesler is a lawyer by education, prof. revolutionary, was serving a link in Siberia. Mother - E. D. Rakova ended up in Yakutsk as a result of unrest in St. Petersburg. female in-those. After returning from exile in 1905, E. D. Rakova came with her son to St. Petersburg, where she began working as a doctor.
In 1917-21 he studied in Petrograd. school No. 15 (former Vyborg commercial school). In 1922 he entered the Faculty of History and Archeology. lang. and material. FON culture, in 1927 it was restored at YMFAK. He graduated from Leningrad State University in 1929 as a specialist in the history of Zap. Europe. Simultaneously with studies, he worked as a tour guide-lecturer of the Politprosveta bureau in Rus. museum. In 1930-32 he studied at the graduate school of the GAIMK, specialized in the region. antique stories. In 1931 he was hired by the State. Hermitage, from 1937 - uch. secret Hermitage. From 1932 he taught at the department. antique islands of the LIFLI history department, preobraz. since 1937 in the history department of Leningrad State University. From 1932 to 1936 he taught a course in the history of the Ancients. peace in the ist., lit. and ped. fak. LGPI. In March 1938 he was awarded an uch. Ph.D. degree ist. Sciences and the title of Assoc. by department "History of Antiquity. peace." Nov. 1938 was arrested as "an active member of the counter-revolutionary Menshevik organization", spent a year in solitary confinement. camera. Dec. 1939 the charges were dropped and he was reinstated as an apprentice. secret Hermitage, in July 1940 headed the same department of weapons and military. affairs, in Apr. 1941 - otd. Russian history. culture.
In July 1941 he volunteered for the Red Army, was a lecturer at Leningrad. front-line house Kras. army. Participated in battles to break the blockade of Leningrad (Jan. 1943) and near Sinyavino (July-Aug. 1943). He graduated from the military. service in the rank of regiment. From 1944 to 1947 - dir. fast. vyst. "The Heroic Defense of Leningrad" (since 1946 - the Museum of the Defense and Siege of Leningrad).
On May 14, 1947, an order was issued appointing R. to the post of dir. GPB, 16 Sept. 1948 he was approved by dir. In the postwar B-ke did not have enough staff and premises, in connection with which in 1947 R. achieved an increase in staff (mainly due to graduates from Leningrad State University and Moscow State University). The salaries of co-workers who had an account. titles and degrees; at the VBC (the number of teachers was 68 specialists), at foreign courses. lang. taught English, Czech, German, French, Swedish, Paul. lang. 28 people.
Lack of space, the need for capital. renovation of buildings after the siege. years, repeatedly. appeals on these issues to the Sov. and part. instances led to the fact that on June 17, 1949, an order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 8922 was issued on the transfer of the building to the GPB at emb. R. Fontanki, 36.
The scientific work of B-ki: the creation of a code. Russian catalog. book. XIX century, bibliography. Russian bibliography, “Unified rules for the description of products. printing” (period., maps and izd.). In Jan. 1948 the Voen was created in the GPB. otd., in which it was supposed to allocate lit. by military questions. This coincided with scientific the interests of R., who headed this unit. In 1948, in the PB, on the initiative of dir. the lab started working. for the preservation of the book. funds, which headed Yu. P. Nyuksha(see vol. 3). From 30 Apr. 1949 a nurse began to be carried out in the PB. days for dedusting funds. Jan 14 1949, on the day of the 135th anniversary of the opening of the ISP, an order was issued to begin work on the "History public library", was approved by the editorial board. and "brigades" were created to collect bibliogr. information, memoirs of readers and colleagues, but this attempt was not successful.
Feb 21 1949 at the united. plenum Leningrad. Regional Committee and City Committee of the CPSU (b) collaborator. The City Defense Museum was charged with creating the myth of a "special" blockade. the fate of Leningrad and prepared. terrorist attack "in case Comrade Stalin arrives." The museum was closed, the exhibits were destroyed.
In Apr. 1949, during the campaign against cosmopolitanism, the work of the GPB was checked by the Committee for Cultural and Educational Institutions under the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR, which revealed that “the content of the work of the most important departments of the library: systematization, cataloging, bibliography, funds and services do not meet the requirements of the party in the field ideological work. The library management (comrades Rakov, Firsov, Medvedev) did not pay enough attention to service issues and underestimated the political significance of reader catalogs and reference bibliography. In B-ke, OBibl was reorganized, specials were created in it. sectors are recommended. bibliography, history of GPB, history of book. and bibliography, literature, art, linguistics.
Aug 20 1949 PB received an order and instructions for certification of collaborators. (ideological purges according to nationalities, estates, and other issues). Oct 27 1949 collection of collaborators. GPB in preparation. approved for certification next. director’s description: “Rakov is a cultural initiative worker with great organizational skills, a native of the old St. he was charged with errors in working with personnel, “which he selected according to business , not a political one." It was pointed out that R. "did not prove himself as a political leader in defeating the bearers of cosmopolitanism and formalism in librarianship."
Oct 31 1950 Military Supreme College. The court of the USSR passed a sentence - execution, to-ry 4 days later was replaced by 25 years in prison with a loss of rights for 5 years and confiscation of property. R. was serving a sentence in Vladimir. prison in the same cell with the writer and philosopher D. L. Andreev (author of the book "Rose of the World") and academician. Medicine VV Parin. In col. they made up a fantasy. parody biogr. encycle. "The Newest Plutarch".
On May 12, 1954, R.'s case was dismissed due to the "lack of corpus delicti." In Aug. 1954 he was appointed deputy. dir. according to scientific parts of the All-Union. Pushkin. museum. Dec. 1954 headed Nauch. Library of Acad. arts.
All R. 1950s et al. With D. N. Alshitz(See vol. 3) wrote the plays “More Dangerous than the Enemy” and “What Will They Say Tomorrow?”, Performances based on them were staged at the Comedy Theater and designed by N.P. Akimov.
In 1962, he retired due to retirement.
Awarded with Orders of the Fatherland. war I and II degree, medals "For the victory over Germany in the Great Fatherland. war 1941-1945", "For the defense of Leningrad".
He was buried at the Serafimovsky cemetery. In Petersburg.
Op.: To the problem of decomposition of the slaveholding formation. L., 1933; The military past of the Russian people in the monuments of art and weapons of the XVII - early. XIX century: a guide to the exhibition. / State. Hermitage Museum. L., 1938 (2nd ed. 1939); A brief outline of the military history of our Motherland. L., 1940 (2nd ed. 1941); The heroic defense of Leningrad: essay-guide to vyst. / comp. under the hand L. L. Rakov. L.; M., 1945; Russian military uniform: essay-guide to vyst. "History of the Russian military uniform". L., 1946; State Public Library named after M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin for 30 years Soviet power// Scientific conference dedicated to the thirtieth anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, December 15-17, 1947, L., 1948; More dangerous than the enemy: a comedy in 3 d. L .; M., 1962 (with D. Alem); What will they say tomorrow?: comedy in 3 d. M., 1962 (co-authored with D. Alem); Well, evening!: a comedy in 3 days. New ed. M., 1973 (with D. Alem); The newest Plutarch: ill. biogr. words. imaginary famous figures of all countries and times from A to Y. M., 1991 (co-authored with D. L. Andreev, V. V. Parin); Prison poems / publ., entry. Art. A. L. Rakovoi // Neva. 2001. No. 4; In a drop of water // Star. 2004. No. 1.
Bibliography: Ivkov; PB in print.
Lit.: Al D. Paradoxes friend: to the 100th anniversary of the birth of N.P. Akimov // Neva. 2001. No. 5; Nonina N. Requiem for the Museum. Jerusalem, 2003; Guardian: articles, letters, prose: to the 100th anniversary of the birth of V. M. Glinka / ed. M. S. Glinka. St. Petersburg, 2003; Lander I. G. Lev Lvovich Rakov, 1947-1950 // History of the Library, 1795-2005; Lev Lvovich Rakov: creative. heritage: life path/ aut.-stat. A. L. Rakov. SPb., 2007.
Arch.: OR RNB. F. 1445; OAD RNB. F. 10/1; F. 10/2; Scientific b-ka Acad. arts. L. d.; RO State. Hermitage. L. d.
Rakov Lev Lvovich
(1904-1970), historian, museum worker, candidate of historical sciences (1938). He graduated from the historical department of Leningrad State University (1929). In 1925-26 he worked in the editorial office of the journal "Bulletin of the Lensoviet", in 1926-29 the guide of the excursion and lecturer base of the Politprosveta, from 1931 on the scientific and pedagogical work at Leningrad State University and Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute named after A. I. Herzen, researcher, then scientific secretary of the Hermitage. In 1938 he was arrested on trumped-up charges, and in December 1939 he was released due to dismissal of the case. Since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in the people's militia, since August 1941 he was a lecturer at the front-line House of the Red Army. The initiator of the creation of the exhibition "Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against the German invaders ”(1942), organizer and since 1944 director of the exhibition“ Heroic Defense of Leningrad ”, one of the founders and directors (1946-47) of the Leningrad Defense Museum, in 1947-49 director of the M. E. Saltykov Publicistic Library - Shchedrin. In 1950, he was groundlessly repressed in the Leningrad case. After rehabilitation (1954), deputy director of the All-Union Museum of A. S. Pushkin, from December 1954 director of the Scientific Library of the Academy of Arts. Author (together with D. Alem) of the satirical comedy “What will they say tomorrow?” (1962) and "More Dangerous than the Enemy" (1962). He was buried at the Serafimovsky cemetery.
- - Ulcerative form of rusty-spotted crayfish disease. Ulcerative form of rusty-spotted crayfish disease...
Veterinary Encyclopedic Dictionary
- - Member of the revolutionary movement. Member of the Communist Party since April 1917. In St. Petersburg since 1909, he worked as a waiter ...
St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)
- - a close friend of M. A. Kuzmin, historian and museum worker ...
Proper name in Russian poetry of the XX century: a dictionary of personal names
- - Alexander Semenovich - participant Oct. revolution and hero of civil. war. Member Communist parties from Apr. 1917. Rod. in the village of Maltsev, Smolensk Province, worked as a waiter in Moscow and St. Petersburg ...
Soviet historical encyclopedia
- - Nikolai Petrovich, composer, People's Artist of the USSR. A student of R. M. Glier ...
Russian encyclopedia
- - special infectious disease causing mass extinction of crayfish. The appearance of this epidemic in Europe is attributed to 1860-65, when, apparently, the mass extinction of crayfish was first recorded in Lombardy ...
encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus and Euphron
- - Adelheim, brothers Robert Lvovich and Rafail Lvovich, Russian actors, People's Artists of the RSFSR. Born in Moscow. In 1888 they graduated from the drama department of the Vienna Conservatory...
- - I Rakov Alexander Semenovich, participant in the October Socialist Revolution of 1917 and civil war 1918-20. Member of the Communist Party since April 1917. Born into a peasant family...
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- Just blow bubbles up...
IN AND. Dal. Proverbs of the Russian people
- - Razg. Shuttle. 1. Swim in shallow water. 2. Run aground. Mokienko 1989, 134. /i> From the sailors' speech. BMS 1998, 488...
- - Simple. Jottle-iron. The same as catching crabs. Mokienko 1989, 131...
Big Dictionary Russian sayings
- - Simple. Jottle-iron. Drown. Mokienko 1989, 131...
Big dictionary of Russian sayings
- - Volg. Jottle-iron. Drown. Glukhov 1988, 82...
Big dictionary of Russian sayings
- - Southern. Shuttle. Blush, blush. SRNG 20, 68...
Big dictionary of Russian sayings
- - Narodn. Jottle-iron. Drown. DP, 278...
Big dictionary of Russian sayings
- - adj., number of synonyms: 1 caring ...
Synonym dictionary
"Rakov Lev Lvovich" in books
Kulesh from crayfish
From the book Galushki and other dishes of Ukrainian cuisine author Cooking Author unknown -5. Appetizer of crayfish and eggs
From the book 365 recipes for delicious Russian cuisine by Ivanov S.Crayfish soup "NUANCE"
the author Dubrovin IvanRICE WITH CRABISH MEAT "HAI QI"
From the book Pond - the breadwinner the author Dubrovin IvanCrayfish pilaf
From the book 500 recipes from around the world author Perederey NataliaThe poems offered to the attention of readers were written in prison. Twelve months - from November 1938 to November 1939 - my father, Lev Lvovich Rakov, spent in solitary confinement in the Leningrad "Crosses". He was then 34 years old. And it seemed that until then he had always been accompanied by success in life.
From childhood, he learned the values of Russian culture. His mother, Elizaveta Dmitrievna Rakova, from the old noble family, a native of Totma, was the ideal type of an intelligent young lady of the late nineteenth - early twentieth century: in her youth she studied at the St. year my dad was born. His father, a lawyer by education and a professional revolutionary, Lev Vsevolodovich Tesler, a well-educated man, always cared about the intellectual and spiritual development of his son.
Since 1923, Lev Rakov has become close friends with the circle of Mikhail Kuzmin: the poet dedicated a cycle of poems "New Gul" (1924) to him. The impact of this friendship and all this creative environment was indelible: it largely determined the circle of communication and artistic preferences of the father.
Throughout the 1930s, his career developed extremely successfully: after graduating from the historical and linguistic faculty of the university in 1929, from 1932 he read at the university and in Pedagogical Institute them. Herzen lectures on ancient history. Although antiquity, as he himself admitted, was alien to him, he read them, according to the reviews of the then listeners, with brilliance. In 1938 he became a candidate of historical sciences.
The profession of a historian led him in 1931 to serve in the Hermitage. At first he was admitted to the Enlightenment Department, and already in 1932 he became a researcher in the Antiquities Department. In 1937 he was already scientific secretary of the Hermitage. He carried out his variously troublesome duties with his characteristic energy and passion. But, most importantly, in the same year he got the opportunity to lead the work on the exhibition "The Military Past of the Russian People" conceived by him. Here he was in his native atmosphere: military history from boyish years it was “his forte” - he played “soldiers” all his life, collected them, cast them himself (after his death, this rich collection was acquired by the Hermitage).
And here in November night In 1938, this favorite of the gods, the favorite of women, the favorite of his superiors and colleagues, was arrested but charged with "terrorism." The mental anguish experienced by him in solitary confinement was so unbearable that he tried to commit suicide. Fortunately, the attempt failed, and, to even greater and greater happiness, it was not my father who was soon shot, but the “iron commissar” Yezhov ... Then, going out, my father did not suspect that after a few years the doors of the prison would again slam behind him...
From the very beginning of the war, my father volunteered for the people's militia. And in 1943 he was entrusted with the creation of the exhibition "Heroic Defense of Leningrad", the exhibits of which were collected right on the streets of the city and on the battlefields. The exhibition, which had an extraordinary success, was transformed in 1945 into the Leningrad Defense Museum, which was very popular.
My father never returned to the Hermitage. In 1947, Colonel Rakov, who was awarded two orders, was appointed director of the Public Library. But after this rise - a new fall into the abyss: on April 20, 1950, he was arrested as the creator of the Defense Museum. It is known that it was with the defeat of the famous museum that the so-called "Leningrad affair" began. Military verdict
- 71 -Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR of October 31, 1950 read: 25 years in prison and 10 years of disqualification.
Imprisoned, as he believed, for life in a prison in Vladimir, he saved his soul in an already tested way - by creativity. This time, my father wrote mostly prose, a cycle of memoir stories “In a drop of water”, “Letters about Gogol”, a literary work “The Fate of Onegin”, where in verses stylized as a Onegin stanza, mixed with the text of the critic “publishing” them, he tried to reconstruct the X chapter of Pushkin's novel. The main work, the idea of which originated in Kuzmin's circle, was "The Newest Plutarch" - a kaleidoscope of hilariously funny biographies of fictional celebrities. It was written in collaboration with the then almost unknown writer Daniil Leonidovich Andreev and biologist Vasily Vasilyevich Parin, cellmates who became his father's best friends. Subsequently, upon leaving prison, on a handwritten copy of "Plutarch" presented to V.V. Parin, the father wrote: “In memory of those bitter days that we spent together. And yet, oddly enough, these days were also beautiful, when we sometimes managed to live in a true "world of ideas", owning a bey that we liked to imagine".
Finally, "the bloody dog died," and in the spring of 1954, my father was released and returned to Leningrad. Soon he was given the position of director of the Library of the Academy of Arts. Together with D.N. Alem, he composed two satirical plays: “What will they say tomorrow” and “More dangerous than the enemy”, both plays were staged by N.P. Akimov and were successfully staged at the Leningrad Comedy Theater. Since 1955, he plunged into writing a huge work on the history of Russian uniforms of the 16th-18th centuries. Unfortunately, he managed to write only two brilliant chapters. His health was undermined. In 1970 he died.
It is unlikely that my father ever had the idea to publish his poems. “I am a modest person and love poetry too much not to realize to what extent I am deprived of what is called “poetic thinking”,” he wrote. One can argue whether this is true or not, but in any case, these verses are a vivid document of human dignity and courage, evidence of the opposition of a high soul to the forces of evil.
The main part of these poems is dedicated to Marina Sergeevna Font (1912-1986), whose love and love accompanied my father until the last days of his life. An English teacher at the university, she was remarkable both for her charm and rare spiritual qualities. Suffice it to say: she became my father's wife in 1950, that is, exactly when the threat of arrest hung over him. She wanted to share his fate, his suffering - and not in the way that the Decembrists were allowed to do (as my father called her), but in a more ideal sense: without the slightest chance of being near him! She knew what they were doing to the wives of "enemies of the people", and yet she became one. After several months of serious trials in a remand prison, Marina Sergeevna was exiled to Kokchetav, from where she returned to Leningrad in the spring of 1953.
- 72 -"SENTIMENTAL EDUCATION"
And everything is like a dream ... And the happiness of the old days,
And the horror of these days is inexplicable,
And the light of the coming days is elusive...
But every day I love you more!
January 1939
CAR HORN
Do not sing, beauty, with me
You are the sad songs of Georgia:
They remind me of one
Another life and a distant shore.
A. S. Pushkin
Like songs of heaven for a sick soul,
A melody languid and tender
Silent car horns
They sound, and I listen to them diligently.
I also knew the silent, smooth run,
The outlines of the streets flickered in the glass,
Light snow was beating towards the headlights ...
Here whiteness is one memory!
Engines sing like in the old days...
Like the sad songs of Georgia,
They remind me again
Another life ... And the shore, which has become distant.
December
How every living thing loves light! aspiration
Towards the light, that's a piece of art.
Poems, songs, dances and novels,
Symphonies, prayers, temple buildings
Or slender masses of monuments,
Priceless canvases of the Hermitage,
The effort of bold and free thought,
Crushing chains of prejudice,
High examples of better lives-
Inspired by a greedy desire for light.
Who was not awakened by the victory signal -
The crowing of a rooster after the departing night...
And how the birds chirp at dawn,
And how the fields are fragrant at noon,
How wonderful they say southern countries.
But now the dawn has become hateful to me:
He brings the day into my dungeon,
Barren, hard day away from loved ones,
whom I love a hundred times more
Than thought before in the bustle of freedom.
Oh, long day, unbearably long...
There is no friend, no book, no paper;
Scraps of old thoughts are the garbage of the brain;
Silence, fear and uncertainty press...
What a running clock! They are tired of crawling:
What happiness is the waning of light,
What happiness-darkness in the window;
Hurry, hurry, a dream that can
- 73 -Give me back my house for a few moments...
We are used to thinking: a dream is like death;
Here he is a hint of life, a hint of happiness.
We are used to thinking: light is a warrior with evil;
Here the day is a jailer, the night is a liberator.
December
How to survive and how to mourn me
priceless days priceless loss...
I can't stop thinking about you
And I can't think of you anymore
The rest of the heart fused in the fight,
The remains of the brain dried up in captivity.
Poems of forgotten lines in the semi-darkness
They call all day. Their meaning to whom I trust:
"How to survive and how to mourn me
Priceless days priceless loss!
Hurry up the way. The end of the world. End of the earth.
A deserted shore of an unknown sea.
Ships come here once a year.
For years we have been digging grief in the ground.
But in the evening at the frozen window
Sitting closer, listening to bad weather,
We will remember dear names,
Favorite city and former happiness.
ROMANCE LOVED BY SAILORS
These months of idleness
And sad thoughts
Like a bad hangover
After previous pleasures.
As if gloomy and severe,
I'm sitting on a boring feast
Happy, cheerful
According to the free former life.
Remember again everything that was
What's gone and what's left
What is forever sweet to the heart
And that it just seemed cute.
And when you get tired of deciding
These " difficult questions», -
You walk or you drag
The smoke of a cheap cigarette.
But only two or three minutes
Play hide and seek with the past:
Memory jokes bad jokes
In the fourth decade of the decade.
- 74 -Flashed in my head all day
Like stagecoach wheels
Their lips are tired of whispering
Lines of an old romance.
You didn't hear him
You were too small.
The sailors sang it
If you went swimming.
Give me a pen! Every finger!
I kiss them all.
I'll hug you one more time
And I'll leave, and I'll be bored!
Became on the road, resting
From the anxieties of a dashing flight,
Waving the flag in the wind
Snow-white Russian cruiser.
And in the port of the far south,
Speech distorting someone else's
A swarthy friend sang:
“And I’ll leave, and I’ll be bored!”
To the beat of a lovely melody
I walk and dream
About your closet close
I forget for a moment...
What to hide - in evil misfortune
Strength often changes.
Only the thought of former happiness
Both tormenting and comforting.
Quickly the twilight of parting
Pass into the thick night
How I loved your hands
How I miss them now!
February
We will see the sky in diamonds again.
A. Ya. Chekhov. Uncle Ivan
Why would they seem to grieve?
Blessed is he who visits this world...
A. S. Pushkin
I know that despondency is trouble
That cowardice brings death closer,
That the word "never" is alien to life,
That there is no misfortune forever
But troubled days are a monotonous move,
But the torment of continuous goodbye,
But cloudy dreams are a gloomy round dance ...
And there is no strength for self-healing!
Oh, memory of the heart, you are stronger
The mind of a sad memory...
K. N. Batyushkov
A year has passed since we met.
Merged this year beginning and end.
And I dreamed of the future, fool
When trouble was behind you!
I'm sinking deeper into the void
Into non-existence, soundless captivity.
And thoughts about a happy former share
I drive like autumn flies, on the fly.
But "the memory of the heart," Batyushkov said,
Stronger than the mind of a sad memory ... "
And the heart is where the trace of initial love is:
Marley, fountains, Monplaisir, train station...
In any story we will find without difficulty
An example of a beginning that did not bear fruit,
The beginning, which did not accept a crown,
A beginning that knows no end!
So much promised in Russian life
"The days of Alexander's are a great start!"
TIME
The flow of times, unsatisfied and rebellious
Washed away favorite footprints in the sand...
M. A. Kuzmin
How the days drag on in the torment of confinement!
How the years of happiness and love raced by!
Do not change the whims of fate
Nor the time of the sovereign current.
Already cheerful rays of Aurora
Gilded the sky over the Neva,
Palaces and ministerial buildings
And mighty expanses of squares...
Who did not love spring mornings,
About the fleeting night without being sad
And looking into a new day without trepidation,
Wander home with unsteady steps;
Or in a span light and spacious
Fly dear light and direct -
End (Leningrad) bridge, -
Direct, like a look in love and stubborn.
Gone, gone... Ended in misfortune:
Aurora's golden rays will flash,
And the iron keys will ring.
Having risen from sleep, I prepare again for battle.
But every hour the defeat is closer,
And every day an invincible enemy ...
Do not overpower the flow of time
Do not hold back his sovereign step! ..
- 76 -What is my existence like?
To what can I compare such a miserable life?
Gauser Kaspar was not more unhappy;
He did not know the gift of freedom.
I stand all day at a dim window.
A strip of sky is barely visible in it.
The ember of hope went out in my soul.
How near is my home! How far away is my home!
I live according to the scheme that Plato gave us:
Only a dream is my life, and life is like a dream,
A meaningless and endless dream.
It deprives of strength and sleep deprives it.
The real world - there is light, work, love,
I am looking forward to reconnecting with him.
When I hear his noise in the night,
The heart trembles and the mind burns.
So yearned for the native tribe
The ugly duckling in his aviary,
Hearing the cry of unknown friends,
Seeing a flock of swans in the sky.
Unburied souls live like this:
They are waiting for peace, like bliss...
So Ahasuerus goes on a cursed path:
And there is no death, and life cannot be returned!
This is how time wastes: nights, days, hours,
Like packs of hounds, like greyhounds...
I'm exhausted. I'm getting weaker every day...
Save me! Save me soon!
Like a waltz, like a whirlwind, like life, time
Blinds, and circles, and sings ...
So leaves the golden tribe
The autumn wind blows away.
But how to understand the incomprehensible,
Like death's cold, like life's current,
Unsatisfied and unstoppable
Eternal stream of time!
I knew moments of rapture
Hours that cost years
I knew the days of worries, anxieties and laziness;
To return them - ready for anything!
But in the bustle of well-being
We do not see time running.
So sometimes it hides behind a cloud,
The roads are covered with snow.
High, fast, even masonry -
Sucks love, hopes, work,
Short life measurer
The years are piling up.
- 77 -And only in the torture of imprisonment,
Where there is no life and no death
Listen to the flow of time
Weeks are an inexorable course.
Captured by the flow of time
Salty bitterness hours
Like a storm carried far away
Away from native shores.
The "science of parting" is difficult,
The mind is powerless in the face of trouble ...
Memories bloom again
"About a colorful and lively life."
So memory melts time
So the sun suddenly shines through the window.
So time returns again
What they stole a long time ago...
In its real expression
Now the time has opened up for me:
Connected with yourself
In the sense that lies outside,
In the indistinguishable days whirling,
About the irrevocable days of a dream,
In a metaphysical sense
In original simplicity.
June - September
Days go by like clouds
A series of leisurely past.
How fragile the shell of life is,
How unforgiving these days are...
And the days of the future muddy light
Does not seduce and does not warm ...
Who remembers the happiness of former years,
He does not dare to believe the new.
IMPOSSIBLE WALKS
It's so warm today...
If I wasn't behind seven locks -
Probably we would decide with you
Go to Tsarskoye Selo.
"Let's go to Tsarskoye Selo
Free, gay and drunk!
Lancers are smiling there,
Jumping on a strong saddle.
Deception is hidden in these cute lines:
There the spurs of the cuirassiers rang,
The hussars clanged their sabers,
But there were no hussars in Tsarskoe.
Maybe we'll change the plan -
Will we go to Peterhof again?
Alas! My chains are strong!
Besides, there were no lancers there ...
Introductory article and publication by Anastasia RAKOVA