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"Chechen war - torn souls ..."
Nekrasova Olesya Arkadievna MOU secondary school No. 21, Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan
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Chechen war - torn souls... Ears cannot hear your speeches!... You are a real purgatory And demons of the most vile container. You tentacles hugged the Soldiers of the innocent in that war. You tore them to pieces!... You are three times worse than a sadist!... Guys at more than eighteen years - Beloved Having sung the last couplet to the girl, And remembering her mother, - They prayed to God, before dying, dying!
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In 1991, Chechnya proclaimed independence and secession from the USSR and the RSFSR, the former president of the self-proclaimed state became Soviet general Dzhokhar Dudayev. Under the flag of the struggle for national independence, a criminal regime arose in Chechnya, illegal oil trade, train robberies, and the massacre of Russian-speaking residents became a constant phenomenon.
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December 11, 1994President Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin signed Decree No. 2169 "On Measures to Ensure Law, Law and Order and Public Security on the Territory of the Chechen Republic." On the same day, units of the Joint Group of Forces (OGV), which consisted of units of the Ministry of Defense and Internal Troops The Ministry of Internal Affairs entered the territory of Chechnya. The troops were divided into three groups and entered from three different sides - from the west (from North Ossetia through Ingushetia), the northwest (from the Mozdok region of North Ossetia, directly bordering Chechnya) and the east (from the territory of Dagestan). squad of Chechen fighters
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On December 31, 1994, the assault on Grozny (the capital of Chechnya) began. About 250 units of armored vehicles, extremely vulnerable in street battles, entered the city. The Russian troops were poorly trained, there was no interaction and coordination between the various units, and many soldiers had no combat experience. The troops had aerial photographs of the city, outdated city plans in limited quantities. The means of communication were not equipped with closed communication equipment, which allowed the enemy to intercept communications. The troops were ordered to occupy only industrial buildings, squares and inadmissibility of intrusion into the houses of the civilian population.
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The western grouping of troops was stopped, the eastern one also retreated and did not take any action until January 2, 1995. In the northern direction, the 1st and 2nd battalions of the 131st separate Maikop motorized rifle brigade (more than 300 people), a motorized rifle battalion and a tank company of the 81st Petrakuvsky motorized rifle regiment(10 tanks), under the command of General Pulikovsky, reached railway station and the Presidential Palace.
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The “Abkhazian” and “Muslim” battalions of separatists, numbering over 1,000 people, were secretly transferred here. The federal forces were surrounded - the losses of the battalions of the Maykop brigade amounted to 85 people killed and 72 missing, 20 tanks were destroyed, the brigade commander Colonel Savin died, more than 100 servicemen were captured.
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destroyed Russian infantry fighting vehicle in Grozny, January 1995
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Chechen fighter in Grozny, January 1995
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The war was accompanied by actions of taking hostages. On June 14, 1995, a group of Chechen fighters numbering 195 people, led by field commander Shamil Basayev, drove trucks into the territory of the Stavropol Territory (Russian Federation) and stopped in the city of Budyonnovsk.
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The building of the GOVD became the first object of attack, then the terrorists occupied the city hospital and drove the captured civilians into it. In total, about 2,000 hostages were in the hands of the terrorists. Basayev put forward demands to the Russian authorities - the cessation of hostilities and the withdrawal Russian troops from Chechnya, negotiating with Dudayev through the mediation of UN representatives in exchange for the release of the hostages. in preparation for the assault
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Under these conditions, the authorities decided to storm the hospital building. Because of the leak of information, the terrorists had time to prepare to repel the assault, which lasted four hours; as a result, the special forces recaptured all the corps (except the main one), releasing 95 hostages. Spetsnaz losses amounted to three people killed. On the same day, an unsuccessful second assault attempt was made.
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After the failure of forceful actions to free the hostages, negotiations began between the then Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Viktor Chernomyrdin and field commander Shamil Basayev.
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Shamil Basayev in the bus with the hostages
The terrorists were provided with buses, on which they, along with 120 hostages, arrived in the Chechen village of Zandak, where the hostages were released. Total losses Russian side, according to official data, amounted to 143 people (of which 46 were employees of law enforcement agencies) and 415 wounded, the losses of terrorists - 19 killed and 20 wounded.
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From the very beginning of the Chechen campaign, Russian special services have repeatedly tried to eliminate Dzhokhar Dudayev. Attempts to send assassins ended in failure. It was possible to find out that Dudayev often talks on a satellite phone.
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On April 21, 1996, the Russian AWACS A-50 aircraft, on which equipment was installed for the bearing of a satellite phone signal, received an order to take off. At the same time, Dudayev's motorcade left for the area of the village of Gekhi-Chu. Unfolding his phone, Dudayev contacted Konstantin Borov. At that moment, the signal from the phone was intercepted, and two Su-25 attack aircraft took off. When the aircraft reached the target, two missiles were fired at the cortege, one of which hit the target directly.
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Dudayev was killed, but this did not change the situation; in August 1996, detachments of militants descended from the mountains went on the offensive and recaptured the city of Grozny from the federal troops. After that, agreements were signed in the city of Khasavyurt providing for the withdrawal of federal troops from the territory of Chechnya and the holding of democratic elections. The new Chechen leadership, headed by President A. Maskhadov, regarded the agreement as a de facto recognition of Chechnya's independence.
On August 31, 1996, the Khasavyurt Agreement was signed - A. Maskhadov and A. Lebed. End of the first Chechen war.
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After the signing of the Khasavyurt Accords and the withdrawal of Russian troops in 1996, there was no peace and tranquility in Chechnya and its adjacent regions.
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Chechen criminal structures with impunity did business on mass kidnappings. Hostages were regularly taken for ransom - both official Russian representatives and foreign citizens working in Chechnya, journalists, humanitarian workers, religious missionaries, and even people who came to the funeral of relatives.
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In particular, in the Nadterechny district in November 1997, two citizens of Ukraine were captured, who came to the funeral of their mother, in 1998 in neighboring republics North Caucasus Turkish builders and businessmen were regularly kidnapped and taken to Chechnya, In January 1998 in Vladikavkaz / North Ossetia/ abducted French citizen, representative of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees Vincent Koshtel. He was released in Chechnya 11 months later, on October 3, 1998, four employees of the British company Granger Telecom were kidnapped in Grozny, in December they were brutally murdered and beheaded.
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The bandits profited from the theft of oil from oil pipelines and oil wells, the production and smuggling of drugs, the production and distribution of counterfeit banknotes, terrorist attacks and attacks on neighboring Russian regions. On the territory of Chechnya, camps were set up for the training of militants - young people from the Muslim regions of Russia. Mine-blasting instructors and Islamic preachers were sent here from abroad.
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Numerous Arab mercenaries began to play a significant role in the life of Chechnya. Their main goal was to destabilize the situation in the Russian regions neighboring Chechnya and spread the ideas of separatism to the North Caucasian republics (primarily Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria).
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In autumn 1999, the second Chechen war began. Detachments of militants invaded the territory of Dagestan. On September 23, Russian troops began a massive bombardment of Grozny.
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On September 8, 1999, at 23:59:58, an explosion occurred on the first floor of a 9-storey residential building No. 19 on Guryanov Street (Pechatniki district, south-east of Moscow). Two entrances of the house number 19 were completely destroyed. The blast wave deformed the structures of the neighboring house No. 17.
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According to official figures, 100 people died as a result of the explosion, 690 people were injured of varying severity or suffered in one way or another, having received moral trauma.
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Having broken the resistance of the militants by the force of the troops of the army and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Kremlin relied on the “Chechenization” of the conflict and luring part of the elite and former militants to its side. So, in 2000, a former supporter of the separatists, the chief mufti of Chechnya, Akhmat Kadyrov, became the head of the Chechen administration in 2000.
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The militants, on the contrary, relied on the internationalization of the conflict, involving armed detachments of non-Chechen origin in their struggle. By the beginning of 2005, after the destruction of Maskhadov, Khattab, Baraev, Abu al-Walid and many other field commanders, the intensity of the sabotage and terrorist activities of the militants decreased significantly. Detention of Band Members of Baraev's Group
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During 2000-2004 the situation in Chechnya remained tense. The activities of the militants went beyond the Caucasus. Despite the announcement of the end of hostilities and the holding of presidential elections in the republic, the Chechen problem has not been resolved. In May 2004, during the celebration of Victory Day in Grozny, terrorist act, President A. Kadyrov was killed, on whom the stake was made in the Kremlin.
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The terrorist act in Beslan is a hostage-taking at school No. 1 in the city of Beslan (North Ossetia), committed by militants on September 1, 2004. For three days, the terrorists kept more than 1,100 hostages in the building (mostly children, their parents and school staff) in inhuman conditions, denying people even the minimum natural needs.
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On the third day around 13:05, explosions occurred at the school and a fire later broke out, resulting in a partial collapse of the building. After the first explosions, the hostages began to run out of the school, and an assault was launched by federal forces. During a chaotic firefight, including with the participation of civilians using personal weapons, 28 terrorists were killed (three, including one of the suicide bombers, died on the first day). The only terrorist caught alive, Nurpashi Kulaev, was arrested and subsequently sentenced to life in prison.
slide 36After the elimination of the main Chechen militant Shamil Basayev on July 10, 2006, the assassinations of two presidents of the unrecognized Chechen republic, and the creation of a government headed by Chechen President Ramzan Kadyrov, Putin generally managed to localize the Chechen conflict and reduce participation Russian army in military operations in Chechnya to police and functions.
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On April 16, 2009, Moscow completed the "counter-terrorist operation" (CTO) launched in Chechnya in 1999. According to Chechen authorities, 300,000 people died in both conflicts (Chechnya's current population is approximately 1.3 million). In Grozny, this "victory day" was marked by musical concerts and horns blaring in the streets. Checkpoints have disappeared in the city, although traffic police officers are still walking around with Kalashnikovs.
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Despite the official cancellation of the counterterrorist operation, the situation in the region has not become calmer, rather the opposite. The militants leading the guerrilla war have become more active, and cases of terrorist acts have become more frequent. Since the autumn of 2009, a number of major special operations have been carried out to eliminate gangs and militant leaders.
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Combat clashes, terrorist attacks and police operations are actively taking place not only on the territory of Chechnya, but also on the territory of Ingushetia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia. In some territories, the CTO regime was repeatedly temporarily introduced.
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“We announced the end of the CTO, but this does not mean that we have done away with crime,” explains the head of Chechnya, Ramzan Kadyrov. - Crimes are committed everywhere - in London, and in Germany, and in America, and in Russia "
"Nikolai Kuznetsov" - In January 1936, Nikolai Ivanovich quit his job and began to fulfill the tasks of state security agencies as a special agent under the pseudonym "Colonist". N. Kuznetsov (fourth from right) with employees of the design department of Uralmash. In dealing with German specialists, Nikolai Kuznetsov not only improved his language skills, but also sought to adopt knowledge, manners, and customs.
"Hero of the Patriotic War" - Dedicated to the Day of Heroes of the Fatherland. Ataman of the Cossack squad. August 24, 1812. Heroic deed. The fortress, which was one of the first to take a hit german army and resisted the cold. Stalingrad sniper who destroyed over 200 Nazis. Awards. catchphrase. Movie hero. 120. How?
"Kuznetsov" - Memoirs of a Doctor partisan detachment V.A. Tsesarsky. Nikolay Kuznetsov awards. II. killed German officer Major Kapter. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on November 5, 1944, Kuznetsov N.I. was presented posthumously to the title of Hero Soviet Union. Dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov...
"Heroes of the Soviet Union" - Polyakov Valery Vladimirovich 27. 4. 1942 Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of Russia. Awarded for accomplishing an exceptional feat. Dorofeev Dmitry Yurievich October 12, 1974 - September 26, 2002 Hero of Russia. During the fire, he received a high dose of radiation. Born on September 28, 1940 in the city of Ivanteevka, Moscow Region.
"Killed near Moscow" - The death of cadets is terrifying in its truthfulness, its reality ... Organized and staunch resistance. A company of cadets, consisting of 240 people, and all of the same height - 183 centimeters, goes to the front ... The fight against Nazi troops near Moscow. The real picture of the fighting in 1941 near Moscow.
"Maxim Kupriyanov" - Lives in the Smolensk region, the city of Gagarin. The inhabitants of the city will be eternally grateful to the fighters. In September 1996, he informed the relatives of Kupriyanov M.A. about finding the medallion. In the photo: Andrey Kuzmin, Maxim Kupriyanov, Sergey Mikheev. Relatives express their gratitude to the search group "Raid". One of the soldiers was our countryman Kupriyanov Maxim Akimovich.
In total there are 19 presentations in the topic
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Adamishin Viktor Mikhailovich
During the ensuing battle between Adamishin and small group The riot police were surrounded by bandits, who fettered their actions with massive fire. In a difficult situation, the riot police took up a circular defense. Having correctly assessed the situation, Victor decided to organize a breakthrough of the group from the encirclement, while he himself remained to cover the actions of his subordinates. Rescuing his comrades, during the skirmish, Adamishin was mortally wounded and died on the battlefield.
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Belan Eduard Borisovich
The militants tortured Eduard Belan, demanding to name the names of the commanders, the location of the combat positions of the riot police. Then, when they found out that he was a doctor, they tried to force him to help the wounded bandits. But Eduard refused to answer questions and provide assistance ... Then he was mutilated and brutally killed
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Bavykin Sergey Petrovich
Coming close to our positions, the militants began to throw grenades at them. One of the grenades hit the ruins of a house where Captain Bavykin and several servicemen were defending themselves. The decision was made instantly: the officer rushed to the grenade and covered it with his own body, thereby preventing the death of his subordinates who were next to him.
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Averkin Alexander Alexandrovich
Until the last bullet, until the last breath, Private Averkiev held back the attackers, covering his colleagues. The surviving cars took away the wounded from the shelling. Alexander could not get out of the armored personnel carrier and burned alive in a flaming car, but by his actions he helped his colleagues get out of the encirclement
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Ivanov Alexander Alexandrovich
On a sortie on December 13, 1999, the crew of a group of three helicopters participated in the search for the pilot of a Russian Su-25 attack aircraft shot down by militants. In the Argun Gorge, the helicopter was subjected to sudden massive anti-aircraft fire from the ground. The crew managed to cover the remaining helicopters with their damaged car and took on all the enemy fire. By their actions, the pilots saved their comrades. The burning car crashed to the ground, the crew died
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Kobin Alexander Ivanovich
In a heavy battle under enemy fire, the column commander covered the retreat with fire personnel, did not allow the enemy to vehicles with ammunition. In this battle, he destroyed about 10 militants. However, a shot from a grenade launcher blew up one of the fuel trucks, burning fuel gushed over the officer ... With a living torch, Kobin made his way to the river, rushed into the water and knocked off the flames. Then, with a fight, he made his way to the fighters who had taken up all-round defense and commanded them until the aviation arrived in time to drive the militants away. Major Kobin was evacuated to the hospital, but died the same day from wounds and burns.
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Omelkov Viktor Emelyanovich
Major Omelkov, wounded in the leg, and one of the officers remained behind to cover the withdrawal of equipment and crews from the wrecked vehicles with automatic fire. In this battle he received a second wound, but even then he did not stop firing at the enemy. When all the surviving soldiers retreated to a safe distance, the militants were able to bypass the position of the officers. Viktor Omelkov was killed. At the cost of his own life, he ensured the salvation of dozens of lives of the soldiers of his battalion.
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Prehistory The Chechen war, in short, became the most terrible and cruel event for Russia after the collapse of the USSR. Opinion about it is still ambiguous. Some of the historians and analysts support the decision of the authorities to send troops, someone says that this difficult conflict could have been prevented and terrible losses could have been avoided. Be that as it may, when talking about the Chechen war, first of all, you need to find out the reasons for its start. It should be remembered that this war is divided into two stages. First Chechen War 1994-1996 Second Chechen War 1999-2003
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Immediately after the collapse of the USSR, in September 1991, an armed coup led by Dzhokhar Dudayev took place in the republic. As a result, the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria emerged, which immediately declared its independence from the RSFSR. This event took place on November 1, 1991. Dudayev introduced martial law in the country and refused to negotiate with the Kremlin until the independence of Ichkeria was officially recognized by him. Also, the forces of the republic seized the military bases of Russian troops on its territory. Immediately after the collapse of the USSR, in September 1991, an armed coup led by Dzhokhar Dudayev took place in the republic. As a result, the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria emerged, which immediately declared its independence from the RSFSR. This event took place on November 1, 1991. Dudayev introduced martial law in the country and refused to negotiate with the Kremlin until the independence of Ichkeria was officially recognized by him. Also, the forces of the republic seized the military bases of Russian troops on its territory.
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First Chechen war (1994-1996) Date - December 11, 1994 - August 31, 1996 Place - Chechnya Outcome - Khasavyurt agreements Opponents - UNO-UNSO volunteers (Chechen separatists), Arab separatists
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The course of the first Chechen war The entry of troops (December 1994) The assault on Grozny (December 1994 - March 1995) The establishment of control over the plain regions of Chechnya (March-April 1995) The establishment of control over the mountainous regions of Chechnya (May - June 1995) The terrorist act in Budennovsk ( June 14-19, 1995) Terrorist act in Kizlyar (January 9-18, 1996) Attack of militants on Grozny (March 6-8, 1996) Battle near the village of Yaryshmardy (April 16, 1996) Liquidation of Dzhokhar Dudayev (April 21, 1996) Negotiations with separatists (May-July 1996) Operation Jihad (August 6-22, 1996) Khasavyurt Agreement (August 31, 1996)
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The course of the first Chechen war In September 1991, “The Joint Committee of the Chechen People, headed by Dudayev, seized power in Chechnya, announcing the creation of the Republic of Ichkeria. He formed his army and began to pursue an anti-federal policy. In November 1994, Yeltsin issued an order to suppress an armed rebellion in Chechnya. The war has begun. The Russian command underestimated the enemy. In winter, bloody battles for Grozny took place. In the summer of 1995, Prime Minister V.S. Chernomyrdin entered into negotiations with the terrorists, as a result, the bandits left the city and went to Chechnya. At the end of 1995 fighting intensified throughout the country. The war became protracted. Moscow has finally realized that it is impossible to solve the problem of Chechnya by military confrontation. On August 31, 1996, a peace treaty was signed in Khasavyurt, which ended the first war. The first president of Chechnya, A. Maskhadov, was elected. De facto Chechnya became independent. Both in the center and in Chechnya, they understood that the signed agreement did not resolve the conflict.
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The results of the first Chechen war The result of the war was the Khasavyurt agreement and the withdrawal of Russian troops. Chechnya became a de facto independent state, but de jure a state unrecognized by any country in the world (including Russia).
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Losses in the first Chechen war Russia lost: 4,103 people killed 1,231 missing / deserted / captured 19,794 people wounded Chechnya lost: 17,391 people killed 30-40 thousand civilians killed Almost the entire non-Chechen population left the borders of the Chechen Republic.
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The Second Chechen War The counter-terrorist operation (CTO) was officially called. It began on September 30, 1999. The active phase lasted until 2000. Until now, the counter-terrorist operation (CTO) has not been completed.
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Course of the Second Chechen War Russia 1999 15 combat operations 2000 4 major combat operations 2001 2 major combat operations 2002 1 combat operation 2003 no major combat operations 2004 2 combat operations 2005 4 combat operations 2006 7 combat operations 2007 3 combat operations 2008 2 combat operations
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The course of the second Chechen war In 1999, Chechen fighters attacked Dagestan. Russia unilaterally terminated the 1996 peace treaty. During this time, the Chechen leadership established links with international terrorist networks, formed special troops, organized the supply of weapons and the flow of funds. The goal is to capture the North Caucasus. The Russian leadership turned out to be powerless. In fact, Chechnya fell out of the Russian Federation. None of the center's peace initiatives had any effect. On September 23, Yeltsin signed a decree on the start of hostilities in Chechnya, and on October 18, federal troops surrounded Grozny. The civilians left the city. In February 2000, Grozny was taken, but the fighting continued until 2003. In March 2003, the Constitution of Chechnya was adopted, and A. Kadyrov was elected president. Gradually, economic life improved, but the political situation remained difficult: terrorist attacks continued.
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losses in the second Chechen war Russia lost: 4,572 killed 15,549 wounded Chechnya lost: 3,600 killed 1,500 wounded
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The collapse of the Soviet Union; "Chechen Revolution" of 1991 The collapse of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR (Period of de facto independence () Aggravation of relations between Russia and Chechnya during the Ossetian-Ingush conflict (November 1992); The expulsion of Russians from Chechnya took on the character of genocide; The political crisis of 1993 Formation of the anti-Dudaev opposition () Start civil war(1994) Collapse of the Soviet Union; "Chechen Revolution" of 1991 The collapse of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR (Period of de facto independence () Aggravation of relations between Russia and Chechnya during the Ossetian-Ingush conflict (November 1992); The expulsion of Russians from Chechnya took on the character of genocide; The political crisis of 1993 Formation of the anti-Dudaev opposition () The beginning of the civil war (1994) 3
The regime of Dudayev's personal power: extensive anti-Russian propaganda, armed attacks, robberies, hostage-taking, slave trade, mass genocide of the Russian people; looting of territories bordering on Chechnya, etc.; Criminalization state system CHRI; Disagreement will submit to CRI Federal authority; The opposition (against Dudayev) asked for help from Russia, which was provided (summer 1994). The regime of Dudayev's personal power: extensive anti-Russian propaganda, armed attacks, robberies, hostage-taking, slave trade, mass genocide of the Russian people; looting of territories bordering on Chechnya, etc.; Criminalization of the CRI state system; Disagreement will submit to CRI Federal authority; The opposition (against Dudayev) asked for help from Russia, which was provided (summer 1994). four
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Russian Federation: economic interests (oil); political calculations (the desire to raise the authority of the central government); settlement conflict situation in Chechnya, putting things in order; preservation of the integrity of the Russian Federation. Chechen Republic of Ichkeria: own independence; creation of an Islamic state. Russian Federation: economic interests (oil); political calculations (the desire to raise the authority of the central government); settlement of the conflict situation in Chechnya, putting things in order; preservation of the integrity of the Russian Federation. Chechen Republic of Ichkeria: own independence; creation of an Islamic state. 7
9 September 16 Dudayev introduces martial law in the controlled territories. On October 15, 1994, Grozny was attacked and taken by opposition troops. On November 26, 1994, the VSChR attacked Grozny. On December 11, units of the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia entered the territory of Chechnya December Battle of Khankala. December 31 March 1995 Storming of Grozny. On September 16, Dudayev introduces martial law in the controlled territories. On October 15, 1994, Grozny was attacked and taken by opposition troops. On November 26, 1994, the VSChR attacked Grozny. On December 11, units of the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia entered the territory of Chechnya December Battle of Khankala. December 31 March 1995 Storming of Grozny.
10 January 3rd bombardment of Shali with cluster bombs. On January 19, Russian troops took the Presidential Palace in Grozny. February 8 President of the CRI Dzhokhar Dudayev leaves Grozny with his armed detachments, thus recognizing the loss of the city. On March 10, the beginning of the battles for Bamut March, the assault and capture of Argun by Russian troops. On March 30, Russian troops entered Shali without a fight. On March 31, Russian troops entered Gudermes without a fight. April 7 battle for the village of Samashki. On June 3, Russian troops entered the Vedeno June terrorist attack in Budyonnovsk. January 3 bombardment of Shali with cluster bombs. On January 19, Russian troops took the Presidential Palace in Grozny. February 8 President of the CRI Dzhokhar Dudayev leaves Grozny with his armed detachments, thus recognizing the loss of the city. On March 10, the beginning of the battles for Bamut March, the assault and capture of Argun by Russian troops. On March 30, Russian troops entered Shali without a fight. On March 31, Russian troops entered Gudermes without a fight. April 7 battle for the village of Samashki. On June 3, Russian troops entered the Vedeno June terrorist attack in Budyonnovsk.
January terrorist attack in Kizlyar February assault on the village of Oiskhara in the east of Chechnya by Russian troops May assault and capture of Bamut destroyed the tail car of a passenger train that arrived from Astrakhan August 6 Operation Jihad, August 14 ceasefire agreement. On August 31, the Khasavyurt agreements are adopted. On January 18, a terrorist attack in Kizlyar, on February, the assault on the village of Oiskhara in the east of Chechnya by Russian troops, on May, the tail car of a passenger train that arrived from Astrakhan, was destroyed. On August 31, the Khasavyurt agreements are adopted
1995: January 15, a series of explosions in Moscow. February 6 on Tyoply Stan Street in Moscow in a residential building 1996: June 7, an explosion in the entrance of a residential building on Olimpiysky Prospekt in Moscow. On June 11, an improvised explosive device (with the capacity of grams of TNT) exploded on the stretch between the Tulskaya and Nagatinskaya stations of the Moscow metro. June 28 explosion at the bus station in Nalchik July 11 explosion in a trolley bus route 12 on Pushkinskaya Square in Moscow. 8 people were injured. On July 12, an explosion in a trolleybus of route 48 in Moscow on Mira Avenue, house 89. 26 people were injured. July 19 explosion of an improvised explosive device in the building of the Voronezh railway station. July 25 in Volgograd powerful explosion was on August 12 at the Trubnaya station (the city of Volzhsky Volgograd region) an explosion occurred in the train car "Astrakhan Volgograd" 1995: January 15, a series of explosions in Moscow. February 6 on Tyoply Stan Street in Moscow in a residential building 1996: June 7, an explosion in the entrance of a residential building on Olimpiysky Prospekt in Moscow. On June 11, an improvised explosive device (with the capacity of grams of TNT) exploded on the stretch between the Tulskaya and Nagatinskaya stations of the Moscow metro. June 28 explosion at the bus station in Nalchik July 11 explosion in a trolley bus route 12 on Pushkinskaya Square in Moscow. 8 people were injured. On July 12, an explosion in a trolleybus of route 48 in Moscow on Mira Avenue, house 89. 26 people were injured. July 19 explosion of an improvised explosive device in the building of the Voronezh railway station. On July 25, in Volgograd, a powerful explosion occurred on August 12 at the Trubnaya station (Volzhsky city, Volgograd region) in the train car "Astrakhan Volgograd" there was an explosion
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In mid-December, federal troops began shelling the suburbs of Grozny. On December 19, the first bombing of the city center was carried out; December 31 - the assault on the city began; In mid-December, federal troops began shelling the suburbs of Grozny. On December 19, the first bombing of the city center was carried out; December 31 - the assault on the city began; 15 Assault on Grozny (December 1994 March 1995)
On January 19, Russian troops took the Presidential Palace in Grozny; February 8 President of the CRI Dzhokhar Dudayev leaves Grozny with his armed detachments, thus recognizing the loss of the city; On March 6, 1995, a detachment of militants from the Chechen field commander Shamil Basayev retreated from Chernorechye, the last district of Grozny. On January 19, Russian troops took the Presidential Palace in Grozny; February 8 President of the CRI Dzhokhar Dudayev leaves Grozny with his armed detachments, thus recognizing the loss of the city; On March 6, 1995, a detachment of militants from the Chechen field commander Shamil Basayev retreated from Chernorechye, the last district of Grozny. 16 Assault on Grozny (December 1994 March 1995)
June terrorist act in Budyonnovsk. 195 Chechen fighters, led by Shamil Basayev;
19 The building of the GOVD became the first target of the attack, then the terrorists occupied the city hospital and herded the captured civilians into it; About 2000 hostages; demands for the cessation of hostilities and the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechnya, negotiations with Dudayev; The building of the GOVD became the first object of attack, then the terrorists occupied the city hospital and drove the captured civilians into it; About 2000 hostages; demands for the cessation of hostilities and the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechnya, negotiations with Dudayev; June terrorist act in Budyonnovsk.
20 The storming of the hospital lasted 4 hours; negotiations between the then Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Viktor Chernomyrdin and field commander Shamil Basayev. The assault on the hospital lasted 4 hours; negotiations between the then Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Viktor Chernomyrdin and field commander Shamil Basayev June terrorist act in Budyonnovsk.
21 The terrorists were provided with buses, on which they, along with 120 hostages, arrived in the Chechen village of Zandak, where the hostages were released in the June 1996 terrorist attack in Budyonnovsk.
Terrorists seized a hospital and a maternity hospital about 3,000 civilians militants seized the village of Pervomaiskoye terrorists seized a hospital and a maternity hospital about 3,000 civilians militants seized the village of Pervomaiskoye January 1996 terrorist attack in Kizlyar
On April 16, 1996, a column of the 245th motorized rifle regiment of the Russian Armed Forces, moving to Shatoi, was ambushed in the Argun Gorge near the village of Yaryshmardy. The operation was led by field commander Khattab. The militants knocked out the head and trailing column of the car, so the column was blocked and suffered significant losses, all armored vehicles and half of the personnel were lost.
On April 21, 1996, Russian special services tracked the signal from Dudayev's satellite phone near the village of Gekhi-Chu. Dzhokhar Dudayev died from a rocket explosion right during a telephone conversation with Russian deputy Konstantin Borov. The operation is one of the 10 most successful operations of the FSB of Russia On April 21, 1996, Russian special services located the signal from Dudayev's satellite phone near the village of Gekhi-Chu, Dzhokhar Dudayev died from a rocket explosion right during a telephone conversation with Russian deputy Konstantin Borov. The operation is one of the 10 most successful operations of the FSB of Russia 24
On May 27-28, a meeting of the Russian and Ichkerian (headed by Zelimkhan Yandarbiev) delegations on a truce from June 1, 1996 and the exchange of prisoners was held in Moscow. June 1996 and the exchange of prisoners After Boris Yeltsin flew to Grozny on 25
Storming of Grozny by detachments of Chechen fighters in August 1996, during which units armed forces The Russians in the city fought heavy battles in Grozny, losing control of most of the city. Chechen detachments were attacked simultaneously with Grozny and other Largest cities republics of Argun and Gudermes. 26
Signed by: Alexander Lebed, Sergei Kharlamov, Aslan Maskhadov, Said-Khasan Abumuslimov The agreement was signed in the presence of the head of the OSCE Assistance Group in the Chechen Republic T. Guldiman. Adopted on August 31 Signed by: Alexander Lebed, Sergei Kharlamov, Aslan Maskhadov, Said-Khasan Abumuslimov The agreement was signed in the presence of the head of the OSCE Assistance Group in the Chechen Republic T. Guldiman. Accepted August 31
Killed; - went missing (deserted, captured); - wounded killed; - went missing (deserted, captured); - wounded.
Withdrawal of troops; Due to ethnic cleansing and hostilities, almost the entire non-Chechen population left (or was killed) Chechnya Numerous casualties; Destroyed houses and villages were not restored; Criminal economics; Withdrawal of troops; Due to ethnic cleansing and hostilities, almost the entire non-Chechen population left (or was killed) Chechnya Numerous casualties; Destroyed houses and villages were not restored; Criminal economics;
The question of the status of Chechnya has been postponed for 5 years; Lack of control, the growth of crime and Wahhabi sentiments have reappeared in Chechnya; Second Chechen War. The question of the status of Chechnya has been postponed for 5 years; Lack of control, the growth of crime and Wahhabi sentiments have reappeared in Chechnya; Second Chechen War.
