Reserve "South Coast of the Neva Bay", photo - Wikipedia
who team 29 represents: environmental activists Alexander Karpov and Alexei Smirnov
against who: Committee for the Use of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection and Ensuring environmental safety Government of St. Petersburg
Who from Team 29 is in business: Maxim Olenichev
What now: The St. Petersburg City Court satisfied our appeal and recognized the conclusion of the State Environmental Expertise Commission and the order that approved it as illegal
In October 2013, the Government of St. Petersburg created a state nature reserve regional significance"South Coast of the Neva Bay", consisting of three clusters - "Kronstadt Colony", "Own Dacha" and "Znamenka" with an area of 266 hectares. The reserve is a strategic stop for migratory birds of the White Sea-Baltic migration route. It was created to preserve the nesting and mass camps of waterfowl and shorebirds and coastal plant communities.
But in 2015, the Committee for Nature Management, Environmental Protection and Ensuring Ecological Safety of the St. Petersburg government ordered an ecological survey of the territory of the reserve, conducted an environmental review, which decided: two sites can be withdrawn from the reserve - an area of 5 hectares, which is used by the Ministry of Defense, and an area of 2.5 hectares at some distance from the railroad tracks. Instead, they proposed to include 2.5 hectares of another territory within the boundaries of the reserve. It, according to environmental activists, is occupied by abandoned gardens and has no environmental value.
According to the Committee, it is necessary to reduce the reserve, because due to the construction and operation of the Bronka marine transshipment complex, which was agreed upon by the federal authorities, the number of birds has decreased anyway.
The survey materials went through public hearings, but the activists were not heard. In February 2016, the site survey materials were approved. The committee approved the conclusion of the commission of the state ecological expertise, it came into force. Until 2021, the Government of St. Petersburg could reduce the territory of the reserve.
Environmental activists Alexander Karpov and Alexei Smirnov and Team 29 lawyer Max Olenichev (center) after winning the St. Petersburg City Court on August 8, 2017
In May 2016, with the legal support of Team 29 lawyer Max Olenichev, environmental activists Alexander Karpov and Alexei Smirnov applied to the Dzerzhinsky District Court of St. Petersburg to have the conclusion of the State Environmental Expertise Commission and the one who approved its order declared illegal.
At first, the court refused to accept the administrative claim, but in July 2016, the St. Petersburg City Court upheld the legal position developed by Team 29 lawyer Max Olenichev and concluded that the administrative plaintiffs correctly applied to the court under the rules of the CAS RF. From November 2016 to February 2017, the Dzerzhinsky District Court of St. Petersburg considered the case and dismissed the administrative claim. Team 29 developed an appeal. The court considered it in three court sessions, canceled the decision of the court of first instance, recognized the conclusion of the commission of state environmental expertise and approved its order as illegal.
Chronicle of the case
May 2016- with the legal support of Team 29 lawyer Max Olenichev, environmental activists Alexander Karpov and Alexei Smirnov appealed to the Dzerzhinsky District Court of St. Petersburg to have the conclusion of the State Environmental Expertise Commission and the one who approved its order declared invalid. At first, the court refused to accept an administrative claim - at the time of the appeal, there was still no practice of challenging the conclusions of the State Environmental Expertise Commission on the new Code of Administrative Offenses, Team 29 had to create a precedent.
July 2016- The St. Petersburg City Court upheld the legal position developed by Team 29 lawyer Max Olenichev and concluded that the administrative plaintiffs correctly applied to the court in accordance with the rules of the CAS RF. The first strategic moment was won in the case: cases of contesting the conclusions of the state environmental expertise should be considered according to the rules of disputes with authorities state power- according to CAS RF.
November 2016 - February 2017- The Dzerzhinsky District Court of St. Petersburg considered the case and dismissed the administrative claim.
March 2017- Team 29 developed and filed an appeal to the St. Petersburg City Court
July 4 and 11, August 8, 2017- the court considered the complaint in three court sessions, canceled the decision of the court of first instance, recognized the conclusion of the State Environmental Expertise Commission and approved its order as illegal. Victory!
max Olenichev
Team 29 lawyer
For the first time in St. Petersburg, a precedent has been created at the level of the appellate instance: it is illegal to reduce the territory of reserves. It can help other environmental activists both in St. Petersburg and in other regions. The Southern Coast of the Neva Bay Reserve has been preserved and operates within the previously defined boundaries.
On the Ecological Portal of St. Petersburg - a 3D tour of specially protected natural areas is posted: the natural monument "Dudergof Heights", the state nature reserve "Western Kotlin" and the natural monument "Komarovskiy Bereg".
In online mode, you can go to the sunny coast of the Gulf of Finland, go to the spring on Mount Orekhovaya, find out what kind of forest grows and is valued in the specially protected natural areas of St. Petersburg, visit Kotlin Island and many other unusually beautiful and valuable corners for the urban area.
The 3D tour was created with the aim of environmental education of residents and guests of the city. This format of presentation of the territory today is a more modern visual and convenient tool for exploring the picturesque corners of nature.
Navigation is carried out using the control panel. You can navigate through the territories by clicking on the arrows on the control panel and also on the panoramas themselves. A 3D tour gives you the opportunity to look around, as well as climb to a bird's eye view and look at the most beautiful natural Petersburg.
We invite everyone to take a walk:
Currently, the system of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of St. Petersburg includes 15 SPNA of regional significance, belonging to two categories - state nature reserves with a complex (landscape) profile, and natural monuments:
- State natural reserve "Northern coast of the Neva Bay";
- State natural reserve "Sestroretskoe swamp";
- State natural reserve "Southern coast of the Neva Bay";
Currently, the natural reserve fund of St. Petersburg is represented by 15 specially protected natural areas of regional significance with a total area of more than 6142.7 hectares, which is more than 4.3% of the area of St. Petersburg as a subject Russian Federation. Most of them are located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Each of these territories is unique, it has not only well-preserved valuable natural complexes, but also a rich history. Natural monuments "Duderhof Heights" and "Sergievka Park" are included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites as part of the Historical Center of St. Petersburg and related groups of monuments.
The master plan of St. Petersburg provides for the organization of a system of specially protected natural areas as one of the tasks to improve the ecological situation and protect the environment. Until 2025, it is planned to organize a number of new specially protected natural areas, including:
- Spring lakes on Maurice Thorez Avenue;
- Park "Sosnovka";
- Levashovsky forest;
- Serovo coastal ledge;
- Pukhtolova mountain;
- Park Babolovsky;
- Park Detached;
- Sestroretsky dunes.
In 2011, the Red Book of St. Petersburg was established. In accordance with the current legislation, the destruction of species listed in the Red Book, as well as their habitats and growth is prohibited. The approved list includes 424 species, the state of populations of which in the city is recognized as unsatisfactory for various reasons. The "Red Book" includes 46 plant species, 65 bryophyte species, 54 lichen species, 16 algae species, 81 mushroom and slime mold species, 2 amphibian species, 3 reptile species, 4 fish species, 65 bird species, 16 mammal species and 92 invertebrates.
Reserve "Southern coast of the Neva Bay",
cluster site "Kronstadt colony".
Coast.
Reserve "Southern coast of the Neva Bay" located in the Petrodvortsovy district of St. Petersburg. The territory of the reserve is represented by the cluster areas "Kronstadt colony", "Own dacha" and "Znamenka", located along the coast of the Gulf of Finland. The modern landscape is represented by a Littorina terrace and a Littorina ledge, which were formed during the period of marine transgression. On the coast of the Neva Bay, reed beds and lowland swamps are represented. On the littorina terrace located to the south, black alder forests grow, there are birch forests, willows, and various meadow communities. On the terrace and the slope of the littorina ledge, areas of ancient parks, mixed and deciduous forests with broad-leaved species have been preserved. In the shallow waters of the Neva Bay, there are reed and reed thickets, which are places of mass nesting, nesting colonies and large concentrations of waterfowl and near-water birds at migratory sites.
Reserve "Yuntolovsky".
Mouths of the rivers Glukharka and Chernaya.
Reserve "Yuntolovsky" established in 1990, this is the first specially protected natural area in St. Petersburg, one of the few in Russia, directly bordering the residential areas of the metropolis. The territory of the reserve includes the Lakhtinsky spill and most of the vast Lakhtinsky swamp, adjacent to it from the north. The natural complexes of the reserve are mainly represented by sphagnum pine and birch forests, as well as transitional and lowland bogs. In the reserve there is a population of marsh wax bush (Myrica gale L.), listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and located here on the northeastern border of its distribution.
Until the middle of the 20th century, flocks of geese, tundra swans, whooper swans and thousands of other species of waterfowl and near-aquatic birds stopped on the Lakhtinsky Razliv. Over the past decades, as a result of the deepening of the bottom of the spill, a significant part of its shallow waters has been lost, along with them, feeding places for these birds have disappeared. Nevertheless, in a relatively small area of the reserve, typical landscape forms have been preserved, characteristic of the coastal plain in the historical past and continuing to live their natural life.
Reserve "Gladyshevsky". Gladyshevka river.
Reserve "Gladyshevsky" is located in the southern part of the Karelian Isthmus in the basin of the Gladyshevka River, on the territory of two constituent entities of the Russian Federation - St. Petersburg and Leningrad region. The reserve was established with the aim of preserving and reproducing valuable species of salmon fish and protecting the European pearl mussel (Margaritana margaritifera L.), a rare species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, from extinction. In the Leningrad region, there are no more than 4-5 rivers left, where salmon fish and European pearl mussel live; on the Karelian Isthmus, this is the only place where they live together. The vegetation of the reserve is quite diverse and is represented by pine forests, including old-growth, small-leaved forests along river valleys and on former agricultural lands, as well as small areas of spruce forests, meadows and fragments of psammophyte communities on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. The variety of landscapes, together with the remoteness of the territory from the city center, provide a fairly high species diversity of vertebrates.
Monument of nature "Duderhof heights".
Territory monument of nature "Duderhof Heights" It is a hill, composed of two large steep hills - Mount Voronya and Mount Orekhovaya. The absolute height of the Nut Mountain is 176 meters - this is highest point Petersburg and the entire southwestern part of the Leningrad region. After the Great Patriotic War, which caused colossal damage to the vegetation of the park, under favorable light and soil conditions, an active renewal of broad-leaved species, previously represented only by a small admixture with primary coniferous forests, began. At the same time, shrubs grew, and as a result, over several decades, a unique "island" of broad-leaved forests has formed on the Dudergof heights, which differs sharply from the vegetation of the southern taiga, characteristic of our latitudes. Now maple and ash forests of various composition predominate on the territory of the natural monument. The herbaceous layer is dominated by nemoral species, satellites of broad-leaved forests; the common venus slipper (Cypripedium calceolus L.), listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, grows. The tops of the hills and the steepest sections of the slopes are occupied by meadows; small-leaved and shrub communities play a small role in the vegetation of the park.
Monument of nature "Komarovsky coast".
In the famous resort area between Sestroretsk and Zelenogorsk is located natural monument "Komarovsky coast". The village of Komarovo, which was called Kellomyaki until 1949, owes its appearance to the "dacha boom" late XIX- the beginning of the 20th century, caused by the construction of the railway. The natural monument "Komarovsky Bereg" is a site of taiga landscapes typical of the Karelian Isthmus, preserved among intensive summer cottage development. The characteristic natural complexes of the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland are represented on the territory - sandy beaches, low dunes, black alder forests, spruce forests, including well-preserved areas of sorrel spruce forests, and spruce-pine forests. Attention is drawn to a large number of anthills - settlements of the northern forest ant. Most of the natural monument is located within the lower accumulative terrace, called the Littorina - after the name of the Littorina Sea, which existed on the site of the modern Baltic several thousand years ago. The Littorina terrace is limited by a steeply sloping Littorina ledge, which rises to 15–18 meters and is cut within the natural monument by several ravines. Despite the fact that the whole territory bears the imprint anthropogenic impact, riddled with many paths and paths and crossed by a highway with heavy traffic, the Komarovsky Coast has retained its original appearance of almost uninhabited Finnish coasts.
Monument of nature "Park" Sergievka ".
Territory natural monument "Park "Sergievka" is a landscape park created in the first half of the 19th century on the site of a natural forest on terraces and on the slope of the same Littorina ledge, but already on the southern coast of the Neva Bay. The “pearl” of the palace and park ensemble is the neo-Greek summer palace, erected on the edge of the ledge according to the project of the outstanding architect A. I. Stackenschneider.
On the territory of the park, reference sites of natural complexes, previously widespread along the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, have been preserved. These include the shallow water area of the bay, reed beds, fragments of lowland swamps, black alder forests, areas of mixed forests with broad-leaved species. An essential element of the modern landscape of the natural monument is water bodies represented by a system of ponds and the Kristatelka stream, as well as the coastal shallow water area of the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. In 1920, a natural science station of the Petrograd University was organized in Sergievka, later - the Biological Research Institute. Currently, the land plots of the natural monument are provided for permanent use to St. Petersburg State University.
Monument of nature "Strelninsky coast".
Monument of nature "Strelninsky coast"- a site of coastal black alder forest communities that have practically disappeared as a result of human activities in the southeastern part of the Gulf of Finland. In addition to black alder forests, large areas on the territory of the natural monument are occupied by willows and reed beds. Coastal shallow waters serve as parking and nesting places for many semi-aquatic and waterfowl species; in thickets of willows nests a large number of passerine birds. The territory of the natural monument adjoins the state complex "Palace of Congresses" - the famous Konstantinovsky Palace. The land plot of the natural monument has been granted for permanent use to the relevant institution of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, since 2007 free access to the territory has been closed.
Reserve "Northern coast of the Neva Bay".
Verperluda Island.
In the reserve "Northern coast of the Neva Bay", on a narrow strip along the shore of the bay between Olgino and Lisiy Nos, a forest massif, unusual for the environs of St. Petersburg, has been preserved, in which broad-leaved tree species play a significant role. On the coast itself, closer to Lisiy Nos, at the beginning of the 18th century, one of the traveling palaces of Peter I was located on the road from St. Petersburg to Kronstadt - the so-called "Near Dubki". The layout of the park, arranged simultaneously with the construction of the palace, is visible to this day, and several old oak trees planted at that time have been preserved. In the water area adjacent to the reserve, which is shallow and overgrown with reed and reed communities, seasonal camps of waterfowl and semi-aquatic birds are formed along the White Sea-Baltic migration route. Despite its small size, by now it is the most significant place of regular concentrations of birds that exists in the Neva Bay. The reserve also includes the island of Verperluda, a small picturesque island in the waters of the Neva Bay, interesting for its wide variety of flora and almost untouched by human activity.
Reserve "Lake Shchuchye". Pike lake.
Reserve "Lake Shchuchye" located in the vicinity of Komarovo and Zelenogorsk. The territory of the reserve is characterized by a wide development of water-glacial relief forms - kame hills and ridges, thermokarst basins. The high upper parts of the kame hills are occupied by dry pine forests. In more humid places, on slopes and in depressions, spruce forests grow, among which are areas of old-growth blueberry-sphagnum spruce forests rare for St. Petersburg. In the kame basins near the Shchuchye and Druzhinnoye lakes, there are small swamps, mostly of the raised and transitional type. Pike Lake, which gave its name to the reserve, is mentioned in the documents of the 17th century. During the Swedish rule, the lake with its surroundings, a wild and uninhabited area, was part of the crown park Haukijärvi (Pike Lake in Finnish). There is evidence to suggest that game from this park was brought directly to the royal court. Druzhinnoye Lake (also called Devil's Lake), a small but deep lake in the northwestern part of the reserve, serves as a habitat for a rare aquatic plant, the lake halfwort, listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Reserve "Sestroretskoe swamp".
Reservoir Sestroretsky Razliv.
Unlike most of the swamps within the boundaries of the city, the Sestroretsk swamp system, the largest in the territory of St. reserve "Sestroretskoe swamp", has never been drained and generally little affected by human activities. By themselves, its landscapes are not unique, on the contrary, all the main types of plant communities characteristic of the swamps of the East Baltic region are represented here, which gives the territory of the reserve great scientific and practical importance, making it ideal " study guide» on the structure and history of swamps.
Ancient sand dunes and sea terraces covered with pine and mixed forests have also been preserved on the territory of the reserve. Adjacent to the swamp is the Sestroretsky Razliv reservoir, which was formed in 1723 as a result of the construction of a dam on the Sestra River. The northern part of Razliv with the estuarine sections of the Sestra and Chernaya rivers has great importance as a nesting and resting place during seasonal migrations of many species of waterfowl and shorebirds. The Sestroretskoye Swamp Reserve is the largest specially protected natural area in St. Petersburg, its area is 1877 hectares.
Monument of nature "Petrovsky pond".
Natural monument "Petrovsky pond". In the place where Petrovsky Pond is now located, in the 18th century there was a Thunder-stone - a huge granite boulder brought by a glacier, which served as the basis of the monument of the equestrian statue of Peter I, " Bronze Horseman", the world-famous symbol northern capital Russia. The idea of creating a monument belonged to Catherine II, she personally controlled every stage of the creation of the monument and approved the ideas of the author of the project, Etienne Falcone. Transportation of the Thunder-stone from Horse Lakhta through impenetrable swampy forests to the coast of the Gulf of Finland and then by water to the Senate Square was carried out for two years, ending in September 1770 - with a large crowd of enthusiastic Petersburgers, the Thunder-stone was unloaded onto St. Isaac's Quay. The transportation of the Thunder Stone became not only a bright page in the history of the monument, but also a major event in the history of domestic technology, rigging and maritime affairs. In a few years, the hollow left after the excavation of the Thunder-stone filled with water, forming a small picturesque pond, later called Petrovsky. Small-leaved forests of gray alder and aspen grow on the site of centuries-old fir trees cut down here; among herbaceous plants, in addition to taiga species, there are “inhabitants” of oak forests.
Reserve "Western Kotlin".
Reserve "Western Kotlin" located in the Kronstadt region and occupies the entire northwestern tip of Kotlin Island. An array of black alder forests has been preserved here - one of the largest in St. Petersburg. The emerging coastal ridges with woody willows and aspens are a unique natural complex that is nowhere to be found on the shores of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland. The main decoration of the reserve is the sandy coast of the island, very popular with the inhabitants of Kronstadt both in summer and in winter time. On the coasts, coastal herbaceous communities are represented with the participation of sandy hair and thickets of wrinkled dogrose. The shallow waters adjacent to the island with reed and reed thickets are a traditional resting and feeding place for many species of migratory birds. Among them, there are many rare for the region - whooper swan, gray duck, pintail, large, medium and small mergansers, ringed owl, red-winged swan, arctic and lesser tern.
Monument of nature "Yelagin Island".
The territory of the natural monument "Yelagin Island" includes the entire island of the same name, on which is located the well-known to all Petersburgers central park culture and recreation named after Kirov. The palace and park ensemble of Yelagin Island, formed over two centuries, is an object of cultural heritage federal significance. The historical development of the territory and the island location allowed the formation of plant and animal communities on Elagin Island, which have no equal in the central part of the city in terms of diversity. The flora of the island includes more than 500 species of higher plants, including many old-growth trees, as well as introducers from various regions of Europe, Asia and America. In addition to the aesthetic and cognitive function, the natural complexes of the park play essential role in the improvement of the natural environment of St. Petersburg.
Monument of nature "Valley of the Popovka River".
Monument of nature "Valley of the Popovka River" located in the Pushkinsky district. The territory of the natural monument is a section of the canyon-like valley of the Popovka River from the confluence of the Chernaya River into Popovka to the confluence of Popovka with the Slavyanka River. Numerous outcrops of Paleozoic rocks are confined to the territory of the natural monument - deposits of the Lower Cambrian, Lower and Middle Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Quaternary formations. The site is unique for the territory of St. Petersburg and is a natural monument of the geological history of the north-west of Russia. Of particular value are also intact floodplain meadows, aspen and gray alder forests in the western part of the natural monument, characterized by an abundance of nemoral plant species and mass nesting of birds.
State natural reserve
regional significance "Novorlovsky".
State natural reserve of regional significance "Novorlovsky" is located in the Primorsky district on the territory of the Kolomyagi municipal district. Most of the reserve is occupied by forests planted here in the 50s of the last century and currently represented by pine forests and pine-birch forests. A small area is occupied by forest glades and meadows near the Kamenka River. The reserve presents both flora and fauna typical of pine and mixed forests, as well as rare and protected species in the city. For example, the nesting of the common shrike, listed in the Red Book of St. Petersburg, was noted here. Winterings of juveniles of the Ural Owl, a species of owls also listed in the Red Book of the city, have been recorded. In total, about 350 species of higher plants, 74 species of mosses and liverworts, more than 100 species of lichens grow on the territory of the reserve. There are 14 species of animals and more than 70 species of birds. In order to preserve and restore biological diversity within the boundaries of the reserve, a regime of special protection is established. All types of activities that can harm natural complexes and objects of the reserve are prohibited here.
Activists launched a website in defense of the nature reserve near Lomonosov
Petersburg activists have launched a website (http://southern-coast.ru/), with the help of which city residents can send a letter on their own behalf to the governor against plans to reduce the Southern Coast of the Neva Bay reserve. It is the governor who makes the final decision on this issue.
In addition, on the site you can also sign a petition in defense of the reserve and donate funds to pay for a public environmental review of materials to remove the most valuable from the reserve natural objects.
Recall that environmentalists are categorically against the withdrawal of part of the lands of the reserve "Southern Coast of the Neva Bay" for the expansion of the port of Bronka. It's about about 4 hectares on the banks of the Neva Bay - this area is called Klyuchinskaya Spit.
Additional information: Bogdan Lytvyn +7 911 815 01 21
Open letter
Governor of St. Petersburg
Dear Georgy Sergeevich!
In February 2015, an action plan was approved by the committees of the Government of St. Petersburg to withdraw part of the territory of the Southern Coast of the Neva Bay nature reserve for subsequent transfer to Phoenix LLC, the operator of the Bronka port. The minutes of the February meeting were not published and became available for analysis only after they were presented in the trial. We draw your attention to the fact that the decision-making on the fate of the territory was based on incomplete and unreliable information, and we ask you to return to the consideration of this issue again in order to respect the interests of St. Petersburg, preserve the natural heritage and protect environmental rights citizens.
On March 6, 2015, the land plot of the military unit was formed (cadastral number 78:40:0000000:48 29), which included part of the reserve - Klyuchinskaya Spit and a narrow strip of coastline covered with reeds. The mentioned protocol contains an instruction to the Committee on Land Resources to carry out work on "clarification of the border of the land plot of the military unit." However, "clarification of the boundaries" is possible only for an already formed land plot, and the military unit's land plot was not formed at the time of the discussion. Probably, the meeting participants were misled. As a result, the land plot was formed, moreover, it was formed on the territory of a nature reserve, which is a direct violation of the law of St. Petersburg "On Specially Protected Natural Territories of Regional Importance in St. Petersburg."
The Department of Defense was unable to provide evidence that military unit has ever used the Klyuchinskaya Spit and the coast: this territory is not fenced, not guarded, and there are no buildings on it. Not a single question about the signs of “actual land use”, on the basis of which part of the reserve was “cut” by a military unit, was answered. The basis for the establishment of new borders was only the "position of the Ministry of Defense." It remains to be surprised that the entire coast of the bay to the Lomonosov harbor was not included in the boundaries of the land plot of the military unit!
The reserve "Southern coast of the Neva Bay" was established in the fall of 2013 based on the materials scientific research which have passed the state ecological expertise in accordance with the established procedure. The value of natural communities subject to special protection has been fully proven and substantiated. However, in the summer of 2015, by order of LLC Phoenix, a new scientific survey was carried out, the purpose of which was formulated shamelessly straightforward: to justify the exclusion of the lands of the Ministry of Defense from the boundaries of the reserve. Even under these conditions, the conclusion based on the results of the research contains confirmation of the high conservation value of the site of the Kronstadt Colony Reserve, in particular:
The most ancient, diverse and developed are the floodplains (thickets of aquatic vegetation) in the western part of the Kronstadt Colony cluster.
The cluster "Kronstadt colony", including the adjacent water area of the Gulf of Finland, is characterized by the largest area of native plant communities (floodplains and black alders). The largest number of bird species has been recorded here, as well as several species of bryophytes, lichens and vascular plants included in the Red Books of St. Petersburg and the Russian Federation.
Despite the strong anthropogenic transformation of the territory, 5 species of amphibians and 1 species of reptiles have survived here. The "Kronstadt colony" is characterized by the greatest diversity.
The Kronstadt Colony site and the floodplains adjacent to it from the side of the bay are extremely important not only for maintaining a favorable environment within the boundaries of St. to the Arctic. According to ornithologists, up to 300,000 birds stop and nest in this area of the floodplain during the season, including species listed in the Red Books of St. Petersburg, the Russian Federation, as well as species whose flight paths are subject to protection in accordance with the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory species of wild animals (Bonn Convention).
The controversial part of the reserve, proposed for withdrawal - the historical Klyuchinskaya Spit - is a narrow coastal strip, completely covered with reed beds. Its area is only 4 hectares (out of 100 hectares of the Kronstadt Colony), but its value is incomparably greater. The floodplains adjacent to the coast in this place - an area of about 30 hectares - are of particular conservation importance as places of rest, feeding of migratory birds during migration, as well as nesting of aquatic and near-water birds, including rare ones. The Klyuchinskaya Spit itself and the water area with reed beds currently serve as a buffer, mitigating the impact of the Bronka port on other parts of the protected area. The use of this site for any economic activity will lead to a shift of the buffer zone to the east and will have a significant negative impact on the reserve: experts predict a reduction in the area of migratory birds, a reduction in nesting sites and, ultimately, a reduction in the number of all species, including endangered ones.
It should be emphasized that the above conclusions were made by specialists on the basis of a study conducted in the summer of 2015, and thus were not known at the time of the meeting in February of this year.
The reduction of the territory of the reserve within the boundaries of St. Petersburg cannot be considered in isolation from the fate of the adjacent water areas of the Gulf of Finland. Therefore, the removal from the boundaries of the Klyuchinskaya Spit reserve cannot be compensated for by the “increment” of the reserve by other territories. There are simply no other floodplains on the coast.
The currently planned reduction of the protected area cannot be justified by the development of the Bronka port. The boundaries of the development of the port are determined by the order of Rosmorrechflot on the approval of the planning project, the land surveying project and urban planning plans for land plots of the planned placement of capital construction facilities of federal significance (AD-239-r dated 06/20/2014). Land plot 78:40:0000000:48 29, the water area adjacent to it is not included in these boundaries.
On the other hand, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation is not interested in the further operation of facilities at the specified land plot and is ready to consider the possibility of its transfer to St. Petersburg. The corresponding letter was received from the Department of Property Relations of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation addressed to the head of the ECOM Center of Expertise A.S. Karpov in July 2015.
In connection with the foregoing, we ask you to instruct you to revise the previously adopted plans to reduce the reserve "Southern Coast of the Neva Bay", and also apply to the Ministry of Defense with a request to transfer the territory of military unit No. 20471 in Lomonosov to the ownership of St. Petersburg in order to expand the reserve.
SP-001
Southern coast of the Neva Bay
EU-RU222
Southern coast of the Neva Bay
St. Petersburg
1970 ha, 59°54"N 29°52"E
0 m a.s.l. m.
A4.1, B1.1, B2, B3
Description of the IBA and its ornithological significance.
A strip of shallow waters along the southern coast of the Neva Bay Fins of the Gulf of the Baltic Sea from the dam in the west to the Neva Delta in the east. Composed of three sections interrupted by coastal strips with urban development in the years. Lomonosov and Petrodvorets. All three sectionsThey represent the coast of the bay with sandy and rocky shallow waters, extensive reedbeds, areas of coastal marshes, black alder forests, mixed forests and old parks. Significant in length are the sections of ancient landscape parks - Sergievka, Znamenka, Alexandria, where the proportion of broad-leaved species is large. The water area of the bay is desalinated to a very high degree.
An important part of the White Sea-Baltic migration route, where aggregations of migratory birds form in spring (mainly), as well as in summer and autumn. The significance of this territory as a stopover place for birds during the spring migration increased especially after the destruction in the 1970s of part of the shallows at the mouth of the Neva River. Currently, a total of over 30,000 waterfowl and shorebirds stop at the IBA during the spring. The number of birds in the camps may vary from year to year, depending on the timing of the opening of the bay. With prolonged freeze-up, mass overnight stays of geese on the ice are noted. In the spring along the coast there is an intensive passage of land birds - up to 50,000 - 60,000 individuals per morning are recorded. Baleen tit (Panurus biarmicus) and pendulinus (Remiz pendulinus), rare for the region, live on the IBA. In the autumn-winter period, coastal black alder forests attract a significant number of granivorous birds.
|
SP-001 |
status |
year |
min. |
Max. |
accuracy |
trend |
criteria |
|
black-throated loon Gavia Arctica |
1998-1999 |
1500 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
||||
|
Great grebe Podiceps cristatus |
1998-1999 |
3000 |
6000 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
|||
|
whooper swan Cygnus cygnus |
1998-1999 |
1000 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
||||
|
small swan Cygnus bewickii |
1998-1999 |
1000 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
||||
|
white-fronted goose Anser albifrons |
1998-1999 |
1500 |
5000 |
||||
|
bean goose Anser fabalis |
1998-1999 |
2500 |
6000 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
|||
|
Shirokonoska Anas clypeata |
1998-1999 |
B1.1 |
|||||
|
Black sea Aythya marila |
1998-1999 |
5000 |
10000 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
|||
|
Broody Larus fuscus |
1998-1999 |
1500 |
2500 |
B1.1 |
|||
|
Little Gull Larus minutes |
1998-1999 |
1500 |
A4.1, B1.1 |
||||
|
Little Gull Larus minutes |
1999 |
A4.1 |
|||||
|
little tern Sterna albifrons |
1998-1999 |
||||||
|
reed warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus |
1999 |
2000 |
4000 |
Main types of habitats: pine forests and black alder forests - 20%; shrubs - 5%; littoral and sea banks - 3%; sand and mud flats overgrown with reeds and other macrophytes- fifty%; sand dunes, beaches and spits - 1%; alloys - 5%; parks, gardens - 20%; urbanized and industrial biotopes - 5%; settling tanks, filtration fields - 1%.
The main types of economic use of the territory: fishing - 25%; tourism/recreation – 30%; settlements, roads, etc. - 5%; slightly used territory - 35%; protected area - at least 2%.
Main threats: development of the infrastructure of the territory (B); construction of settlements (B); cottage construction, garden plots (B); fishing (C); recreational load (A); anxiety factor (A); construction works (various complexes) along the coastline (A).
Conservation status of the territory: The natural monument “Strelnikovsky Bereg” (40 ha), created in 1992, which exists within the IBA, covers only 2% of the total area of the IBA. Part t territory will also be included in the projected complex reserve "South Coast of the Neva Bay" with an area of 950 hectares (it is planned to be created by 2010).
Necessary security measures: expansion of the territory of the natural monument "Strelninsky coast" in the western direction with the inclusion of at least 100 hectares of reed supports; limiting visits to reed beds during nesting time; prohibition of burning reeds; prohibit further expansion of existing horticulture along the coast.