Part of the country is quite heterogeneous in terms of ethnic composition, although with a clear predominance of Russians. This ethnic group began to settle in this region only from the beginning of the 18th century. But the indigenous population of Kamchatka, the peoples who have lived on this peninsula since ancient times, are gradually dissolving into the general mass of the population. Let's learn more about these ethnic groups of the Kamchatka Territory.
General demographic characteristics
Before proceeding to the study of the indigenous people, you need to find out what the population of Kamchatka is today as a whole. This will allow us to understand the meaning and role of indigenous peoples in modern life region.
First of all, you need to find out the total population in Kamchatka. This is one of the most important demographic indicators. The population in Kamchatka today is 316.1 thousand people. This is only the 78th indicator out of 85 regions of the Russian Federation.
But in terms of area, Kamchatka Krai ranks tenth in the country among the subjects of the federation. It is 464.3 thousand square meters. km. Knowing the population of Kamchatka and its area, it is possible to calculate the density. This indicator is also considered one of the most important components of demographic statistics. Population density in Kamchatka this moment is only 0.68 people/sq. km. This is one of the lowest rates in Russia. According to this criterion, Kamchatka Krai ranks 81st among 85 regions of the country.
National composition
Now we have to look at what the population of Kamchatka is in ethnic terms. This will help us distinguish the indigenous peoples of the region from the general population.
In ethnic terms, the population of Kamchatka has a nationality that numerically prevails over all the others. These are Russians. Their number is 252.6 thousand people, or more than 83% of the total population of the region. But Russians are not the indigenous people of Kamchatka.
Ukrainians also form a significant role in the population of Kamchatka. There are significantly fewer of them than Russians, but this people ranks second among the ethnic groups of the region, accounting for more than 3.5% of the total population of the region.
The third place belongs to the Koryaks. This people already represents the indigenous population of Kamchatka. Its share in the total population of the region is slightly more than 2%.
The remaining nationalities, both indigenous and non-indigenous, whose representatives live in Kamchatka, are significantly inferior in number to the three indicated peoples. The total share of each of them does not even reach 0.75% of the total population. Among these small peoples in Kamchatka, the Itelmens, Tatars, Belorussians, Evens, Kamchadals, Chukchis, and Koreans should be singled out.
indigenous peoples
So what nationalities are indigenous in Kamchatka? In addition to the Koryaks, which we talked about above, the Itelmens belong to the peoples who are aborigines of this peninsula.
Kamchadals stand apart, being a sub-ethnos of the Russian people, who formed their national identity precisely in Kamchatka.
We will talk about each of these nationalities in more detail below.
Koryaks: general information
As mentioned above, the Koryaks are the third largest nationality of Kamchatka, and thus the first in terms of the number of representatives of the indigenous people of this northern region.
The total number of this nationality is 7.9 thousand people. Of these, 6.6 thousand people live in Kamchatka, which is slightly more than 2% of the total population of the region. Representatives of this nationality mainly live in the north of the Kamchatka Territory, where the Koryak district is located. Also common in the Magadan region and in
Most Koryaks now speak Russian, but their historical language is Koryak. It belongs to the Chukchi-Koryak branch of the Chukchi-Kamchatka language family. The most closely related languages are Chukchi and Alyutor. The latter is considered by some linguists as a subspecies of Koryak.
This people is divided into two ethnic groups: tundra and coastal Koryaks.
The tundra Koryaks are self-named Chavchuvens, which translates as "reindeer herders", and lead a predominantly nomadic lifestyle in the vast tundra, breeding deer. Their original language is Koryak in the narrow sense of the term. Chavchuvens are subdivided into the following sub-ethnic groups: Parents, Kamenets, Apukins, Itkans.
Coastal Koryaks are self-named Nymylans. They, unlike the Chavchuvens, lead Their main occupation - fishing. The original language of this ethnic group is Alyutor, which we spoke about above. The main sub-ethnic groups of the Nymylans are the Alyutors, Karagins, and Palans.
Most believing Koryaks are now Orthodox Christians, although remnants of shamanism that came from the traditional beliefs of this people remain quite strong.
The dwelling of the Koryaks is the yaranga, which is a special type of portable plague.
History of the Koryaks
Now let's trace the history of the Koryaks. It is believed that their ancestors inhabited the territory of Kamchatka as early as the first millennium of our era. They went down in history as representatives of the so-called Okhotsk culture.
For the first time, the name of the Koryaks began to appear on the pages of Russian documents from the 17th century. This was due to the advance of Russia into Siberia and Far East. The first visit by Russians to this region dates back to 1651. FROM late XVII century, the conquest of Kamchatka by Russia began. It was started by Vladimir Atlasov, who, together with his detachment, captured several Koryak villages. However, the Koryaks revolted more than once. But, in the end, all the uprisings were crushed. Thus, the population of Kamchatka, including the Koryaks, became Russian subjects.
In 1803 in Russian Empire Kamchatka region was founded. The Koryaks lived mainly in the Gizhigin and Petropavlovsk districts of this administrative unit.
After October revolution in 1930, the Koryaks were granted national autonomy. This is how Koryaksky was formed. autonomous region. In 1934, he became part of the Kamchatka region, retaining its isolation. The administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Palana.
After the collapse Soviet Union in 1991, the Koryak Autonomous Okrug, while remaining part of the Kamchatka region, received the rights of a subject of the federation. In 2005, a referendum was held, as a result of which, in 2007, the Koryak Autonomous Okrug was completely merged with the Kamchatka Oblast. This is how the Kamchatka Territory was formed. The Koryak Autonomous Okrug was liquidated as a subject of the federation, and in its place the Koryak Okrug was formed - a territorial unit that is part of the Kamchatka Territory and has a special status, but is deprived of its former independence. The official languages of this territorial entity are Koryak and Russian.
At the moment, Russians make up 46.2% of the population of the Koryak Okrug, and Koryaks - 30.3%, which is significantly higher than in the Kamchatka Territory as a whole.
Itelmens: general characteristics
Another indigenous people of Kamchatka are the Itelmens.
Their total number is about 3.2 thousand people. Of these, 2.4 thousand live in the Kamchatka Territory, making up 0.74% of the total population there, thus being the fourth largest ethnic group in the region. The rest of the representatives of this nation live in the Magadan region.
The bulk of the Itelmens are concentrated in the Milkovsky and Tigilsky districts of the Kamchatka Territory, as well as in its administrative center - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Most of the Itelmens speak Russian, but their traditional dialect is Itelmen, which belongs to the Itelmen branch of the Chukchi-Kamchatka language family. Now this language is considered to be dying.
The Itelmens profess Orthodox Christianity, but, like among the Koryaks, they have quite strongly developed remnants of ancient cults.
The main occupation of the Itelmens, who have not moved to the cities and live in a traditional way, is fishing.
History of the Itelmens
Itelmens - ancient population Kamchatka. Most of them lived in the southern half of the peninsula, giving the north to the Koryaks. By the time the Russians arrived, their number was more than 12.5 thousand people, thus exceeding the current number by 3.5 times.
After the beginning of the conquest of Kamchatka, the number of Itelmens began to decline rapidly. The first conquest of this people was started by the same Vladimir Atlasov. He passed the peninsula from north to south. After his murder by his own associates in 1711, Danila Antsiferov continued the work of conquering the Itelmens. He defeated the Itelmens in several battles, but in 1712 he was burned by them together with his detachment.
Nevertheless, the Itelmens failed to stop the advance of the Russian Empire on Kamchatka, and it was finally conquered. In 1740, the expedition laid the foundation for the spread of Russian influence on the peninsula - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Initially, the Russians called the Itelmen Kamchadals, but then this name was assigned to another ethnic group, which we will discuss below.
Who are the Kamchadals?
One of the sub-ethnoses of Kamchatka, which is considered to be indigenous, are Kamchadals. This ethnic unit is an offshoot of the Russian nation. The Kamchadals are the descendants of the very first Russian settlers in Kamchatka, who partially assimilated the local population, mainly the Itelmens, whom the Russians themselves previously called this ethnonym.
At present, the total number of Kamchadals is about 1.9 thousand people. Of these, 1.6 thousand live in Kamchatka, and about 300 more live in the Magadan region.
Kamchadals speak Russian, and the basis of their culture is the culture of the titular nation of Russia. True, local peoples, mostly Itelmens, also had a certain influence on it.
Anthropological features of the indigenous population
Now let's look at which group of peoples the indigenous people of Kamchatka belong to.
Koryaks and Itelmens can be safely attributed to the Arctic minor race. In another way, it is called the Eskimo and is the northern offshoot of a large Mongoloid race. This subrace is closer in anthropological terms not to the continental Mongoloids, but to the Pacific.
The situation is much more complicated with the Kamchadals, since this nationality belongs to the Kamchadals, the signs of the Caucasoid and Mongoloid types are combined, since, in fact, this ethnic group is the result of a mixture of Russians with the ancient population of Kamchatka. This racial type is usually called Ural.
Population dynamics
Over the past hundreds of years, the indigenous population of Kamchatka has significantly decreased. This situation was caused by several factors.
In the era of the colonization of the Russian Empire of Kamchatka, epidemics played a significant role in reducing the local population, as well as the extermination of indigenous people as part of the colonization policy. At a later time, cultural assimilation took place. It was connected with the fact that it became not prestigious to be a representative of indigenous peoples. Therefore, children from mixed marriages preferred to call themselves Russians.
prospects
The prospects for the further development of indigenous peoples in Kamchatka are very vague. The Russian government began to stimulate the self-determination of the nationality of the population of the region in favor of confirming the Koryak, Kamchadal or Itelmen nationality by providing representatives of these nationalities with a number of benefits. But this is clearly not enough, since simply self-identification of a person with representatives of national minorities does not make the original culture of these peoples more widespread. For example, if the total number of Itelmens at the moment is 3.1 thousand people, which is more than twice as high as in 1980, then the number of Itelmen speakers is only 82 people, which confirms its extinction.
The region requires investments in the culture of small peoples in the amount that the population of Kamchatka is ready to master.
General conclusions
We have studied the indigenous population of Kamchatka, the peoples inhabiting this northeastern region of our country. Of course, at the moment, the development of the original culture of these ethnic groups leaves much to be desired, but state structures are trying to do everything so that these people, their languages and traditions do not completely disappear.
Let's hope that in the future the number of representatives of the indigenous peoples of Kamchatka will only increase.
Does it happen that entire nations can get lost in time? Yes, if you remember the Northern Pacific, the unimaginable Beringia, that's just something left on earth that can revive them. These are legends, songs, customs, in which mysterious messages about those who lived in a special way, who thought differently, who knew the great Secrets run like a red thread...
Indigenous peoples of Kamchatka: who are they?
Scientists have been arguing for more than a decade about which of the peoples settled first on the coast in the north of the Great Ocean. This territory is called the Northern Pacific.
For an unenlightened person, there is no fundamental difference in these peoples, because they have similar external features, culture, way of life, and even language, plus, the worship of the great Deity, the Raven!
So, what is the difference, how do the indigenous peoples of Kamchatka differ from each other? Even Georg Steller began the development of this issue, since he was the first to meet the Indians in America, having got there straight from Kamchatka. There he met the Itelmens, one of the most ancient peoples on the North Pacific coast. His conclusions were striking and boiled down to the fact that there are many similarities with the Indian way of life. Moreover, George suggested that perhaps they were one and the same tribe!
Research continues!
The phenomenon was never solved then, and in the 60s of the last century, Nikolai Dikov continued to look for answers, conducting excavations, of course, on Kamchatka located on the shores of Ushkovsky Lake, famous for its beauty.
It is to him that the discovery belongs, without exaggeration, of a world scale. The scientist found an ancient burial place of the inhabitants, more than 15,000 years old. The most interesting thing is that the very manner of this burial was fundamentally different from that which was adopted by the Kamchatka peoples. Similarities were observed with the tribes of Indians from North America. It was they who sprinkled ocher on the dead before the burial of the body to the earth.
Thus, we see that many secrets are hidden in this part of the earth that have yet to be unraveled!
We study the inhabitants of Kamchatka in detail!
After the Itelmens, which have already been discussed above, the Chukchi and Koryaks, who are also the indigenous inhabitants of Kamchatka, came to this land. There are different opinions, but scientists are still closer to what happened about 500-800 years ago. The tribes were forced out of Eastern Siberia by other Paleo-Asiatics, who were belligerent.
The Ainu is a separate story, which is shrouded in a haze of mystery, because no one can say for sure how and why they appeared here, calling themselves smokers. Most importantly, their language is very unusual. Only recently it became clear that it is similar to... the language of one of the ancient aboriginal tribes in distant Australia!
These indigenous people of Kamchatka, by the way, also lived on the territory of the Japanese Islands, and after the occupation they left in search of a place that would accept them, made it possible to feel harmony with this world. Russian explorers called the Ainu "shaggy" for their characteristic beards.
Indigenous peoples of the north of Kamchatka "under the microscope"!
So, on this land, in Kamchatka, such small peoples lived as:
- Itelmens
- Koryaks
- Chukchi
- Aleuts
- Kurilians, otherwise they are also called Ainu
- Evens
- Kamchadals
Their history deserves a detailed study, and as part of this publication, we will look at some of the tribes in more detail!
Yes, the history of the natives is built on the basis of archaeological data and discoveries that can hardly be called complete. They were obtained at different times by different researchers, but the “start” of interest in Kamchatka began in the 19th century, and the land was inhabited about 15,000 years ago, so, as noted above, there are many more discoveries ahead of us, or, on the contrary, some details will forever remain a mystery...
Today it is customary to distinguish 4 groups of indigenous peoples of Kamchatka. They were listed above and are underlined. Yes, the Koryaks, Evens, Chukchis, Itelmens have their own unique culture, language, and ancient traditions and customs.
Acquaintance with the Koryaks
This is the main population living in the north of Kamchatka with its own autonomous region. If you "dig" the semantics of the name of the people, then, according to Krasheninnikov and Steller, the roots lie in the word "hora", that is, "deer". Koryaks never call themselves that. In general, the topic of names is very interesting and deep. So, the inhabitants of the coast always called themselves nymylans, which means, translated into Russian, “inhabitants of settled villages,” and nomads grazing deer in the tundra spoke of themselves as “chavchuvens,” which simply translates as “reindeer people” !
The Koryaks are well versed in a variety of household crafts. These residents cut wood and bone, process metals, creating parena knives known throughout the world, and also make national clothes and carpets, embroider with beads.
The Chavchuvens, who are the indigenous inhabitants of Kamchatka, have made reindeer herding their main occupation. Moreover, in fact, it was the only one, since the deer, this animal, was able to give them both food and clothes (kukhlyanka, malakhai, trbasy were sewn from skins), and housing, since yarangas were also built from deer skin, plus, craftsmen made tools from the bones. Naturally, deer also acted as a means of transportation for the Koryaks.
The Nymylans, as a rule, were engaged in the fishing and hunting type of economy. They made special nets from nettles and caught fish in the rivers. This is hard work, since it took about 2 years to create such a network, and it served only a year. People went out to sea in kayaks. The latter were covered with skins. Hunting was carried out for bearded seals, seals, even whales. A harpoon was thrown, and after that the whales achieved it with spears equipped with stone tips. Hunting was an urgent need, since even the skins of marine life were used not for “beauty”, but for covering boats, sewing clothes and shoes, bags and belts.
These mysterious Itelmens
As for the Itelmens, the name of the people can be translated as “living here”. Very symbolic. It should also be noted the boundaries of settlement, where the southern one is Cape Lopatka, and the northern one is the Tigil and Uka rivers.
In the warm season, the Itelmens spent all their time on the water. They moved along the rivers on deck-shaped boats made from poplar wood. The tribes were engaged in fishing, again with nettle nets. But they also built traps on the rivers.
Due to the fact that there was no question of salt reserves, the harvesting of tangible fish reserves was not possible. Therefore, hunting for sable, fox, bear, sheep (mountain) was also equivalent to fishing. On the coasts, hunting was carried out for sea otters, seals and other sea animals.
It is interesting that Itelmen women wore wigs, and the lady with the most luxurious wig was considered the most honorable. Young girls traditionally braided their black hair into many thin braids, and put on special “hats” on top, also woven from hair.
You can also talk about the clothes of the peoples of Kamchatka for a very long time, since among the Itelmens they were very, very peculiar, sewn from the skin and skin of foxes, sables, dogs, and for decoration, edges were added along the collar, sleeves, and hem.
Even Features!
Yes, the Evens, when compared with other Kamchatka aborigines, stand somewhat apart, and in their origin they are closer to the Tungus.
Their ancestors came to Kamchatka in the 17th century. It was then that they appreciated the possibilities of reindeer herding, having changed the traditional hunting. The Russians called the Evens, who wandered along the coast of Okhotsk, Lamuts, which means "living near the sea", the shepherds - Orochs (that is, again, "deer people"). However, it was not only hunting and reindeer herding that attracted people, since “those living near the sea” were also quite logically engaged in fishing and hunting in sea waters.
Blacksmithing has always been held in high esteem among the Evens, which developed here, and among the representatives of the tribe there were real masters.
The chum of a cylindrical-conical shape acted as a dwelling for the Kamchatka Evens. It looks more like a Koryak yaranga if you look at the device. In winter, in order to keep warm in their housing, they attached a special entrance in the form of a tunnel to the plague.
By the way, only the Evens did not practice dog riding, unlike their "brothers", other indigenous Kamchatka peoples.
Ah, those Chukchi!
Everyone knows about the Chukchi. Perhaps they are the most famous people, and it is impossible to deny this fact. These are the northern neighbors of the Koryaks, who actively used spears, harpoons, bows and arrows for hunting. It is noteworthy that the tips for tools were created from stone and animal bones.
The Chukchi were famous for their skill in terms of hunting small game and poultry, as they used bola and sling for better results.
The Chukchi traditionally used deer as the main means of transportation, but dog teams remained in honor, which has been preserved to this day.
It cannot be denied that the Chukchi are excellent sailors, with a bang they manage large canoes for 30 people. The sails on them were made of reindeer rovduga, while seal skins were attached to the sides, which were inflated with air.
With the onset of summer, the Chukchi necessarily started fishing expeditions to Anadyr for the purpose of fruitful hunting. Trade relations were established with the Eskimos.
As a summary
Yes, the primitive population of Kamchatka is an inalienable honor of nature. These people lived in complete harmony with it, knowing their world perfectly, using its gifts.
Many secrets will never be revealed, as they have sunk into oblivion along with the peoples, but there is still an opportunity to find out what is kept carefully, what is passed down from generation to generation. This is what history is!
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General information and history
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the capital of the Kamchatka Territory. a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Kamchatka Territory. 362.14 km². The most eastern city on earth, the number of inhabitants of which is over 100 thousand inhabitants.
The city hosts the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation.
Founded in 1740 by the Second Kamchatka Expedition, the name was given in honor of its ships St. Paul and St. Peter. In 1812, the settlement became a city with the name Peter and Paul Harbor. In 1849, the Kamchatka region appeared with the capital of the Petropavlovsk port. In 1913 the city got a coat of arms.
After 11 years, the city was renamed Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Districts of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
To date, there are no official districts in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. This situation has existed since 1988. Prior to that, 15 years, the city was divided into Oktyabrsky and Leninsky districts. There is currently no official division of the city into districts. On December 19, 1973, the city was divided into Leninsky and Oktyabrsky districts, in 1988 this division was abolished. The following settlements are administratively subordinated to the city: Avacha, Dalniy, Dolinovka, Zavoyko, Zaozerny, Mokhovaya, Nagorny, Radygino, Chapaevka, Khalaktyrka.
Population of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky for 2018 and 2019. Number of residents of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
The data on the number of inhabitants of the city are taken from federal service state statistics. The official website of the Rosstat service www.gks.ru. Also, the data were taken from the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, the official website of the EMISS www.fedstat.ru. The site published data on the number of residents of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The table shows the distribution of the number of residents of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky by years, the graph below shows the demographic trend in different years.
Schedule of changes in the population of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky:
The total population in 2014 was 182,711. According to this indicator, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky ranks 102 among Russian cities. Population density - 504.53 people / km².
Throughout the history of the city, its population has either increased or decreased. As an example, it can be cited that in the middle of the 19th century it was 1500, and by the end of the century - only 395 people. Before the revolution, about 2,000 people lived in it. The largest number of inhabitants dates back to 1989.
In the 90s, a lot of people left the city due to unemployment and falling living standards. In 1997, this trend weakened. But, at the same time, many school graduates, having received higher education in other cities, they do not return back.
The decrease in the number of inhabitants since the end of the 90s was no more than 1% compared to the previous year. It occurs mainly due to the outflow of the population. In 2008, the average life expectancy was 66.8 years, and the death rate was 10.4 per thousand inhabitants. The first cause of death is cardiovascular diseases, the second - injuries, poisoning and accidents, and the third - neoplasms. Since 2002, there has been a relative increase in the birth rate. In 2006, it became more than the death rate. The total number of pensioners, as of 2008, amounted to a quarter of total number residents.
Based on 2010 data National composition distributed as follows: Russians (79.19%), Ukrainians (3.56%), Tatars (0.75%), Belarusians (0.59%), Azerbaijanis (0.44%), Koreans (0.33%), Armenians (0.32%), Chuvashs (0.26%), Uzbeks (0.25%), Koryaks (0.23%), Itelmens (0.19%), Moldovans (0.17%), Mordovians ( 0.14%), Germans (0.12%), Bashkirs, Kirghiz (0.11% each), Buryats (0.09%), Evens, Lezgins, Ossetians (0.08%), Tajiks, Kazakhs, Udmurts , Kamchadals (0.07% each). Mari, Georgians (0.06% each), as well as other nationalities.
Burial name: Petropavlovtsy, Petropavlovtsy, Petropavlovtsy, Petropavlovtsy and Petropavlovtsy.
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky photo of the city. Photo of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
Information about the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on Wikipedia:
Link to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky website. You can get a lot of additional information by reading them on the official website of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the official portal of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and the government.
Official website of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
Map of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Yandex Maps
Created using the Yandex service People's Map (Yandex map), when zoomed out, you can understand the location of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on the map of Russia. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Yandex maps. Interactive Yandex map of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky with street names and house numbers. The map has all the designations of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, it is convenient and easy to use.
On the page you can find some description of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Also see the location of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on the Yandex map. Detailed with descriptions and labels of all objects of the city.
Reviews about Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (24)
The city is small. Very beautiful nature, but that's all. The houses are old, the prices are crazy for food, for a communal apartment, for gasoline. Every year the number of visiting migrant workers increases. There are practically no parks. The residential areas are in disrepair. There are shops and malls all around. It is very cold in summer. The salaries are small.
Really, what are wine glasses??? I have lived here all my life, I only saw a glass on the poster of the drug dispensary. Salaries are small compared to prices, that is, the numbers themselves. If you get 85000, then it's normal, but not good. Gasoline is expensive, food is expensive, a communal apartment for a kopeck piece is 55 sq.m. - 12,000. Someone lives on 40,000 a month and does not complain. Local produce is good but expensive. I never understood that our local pigs and cows give expensive milk and meat by default???
Everything is imported. Outlandish fruits fly to Kamchatka separately in business class, each cherry in a separate place.
Weather. Winter is snowy. Highly. A lot of snow. Not cold. Spring is late. Summer is not hot and short. Warm days in September already end, sometimes in August.
In my opinion, there is work, and everywhere, you just need to want to work, and not wait, lying on the couch, when the contract with a pen is brought. You can talk about fish and caviar for a long time and in different ways. Prices, of course, are slightly lower than in other cities, and possibly the same. Yes Yes. But the taste, of course, of chinook caviar cannot be compared with any caviar of salmon species of fish from other regions.
The streets are even watered. Sometimes. They can sweep. Snow is cleared in winter, sand is removed from the roads in spring. But it's like influxes, or something. The city itself seems grey. Many people live here until retirement and leave for warmer climes and black soil.
Having visited many cities and countries, returning to Petropavlovsk, I constantly live with the idea of leaving this city, because, no matter how you come to any other city, it seems better than Petropavlovsk. On the other hand, people are kind and sympathetic, not afraid to work and endure difficulties, for which they pay us northern allowances. I read a lot of reviews about the city (Kursk, Lipetsk, Orel, etc.) Some whiners. They can’t clean the road for their car to leave in winter)))) Come here))) I’ll teach you how to first find the roof of your car, and then dig it out, and not the neighbor’s!
Very beautiful. Highly. There are no words. But to me, these volcanoes are already here.
In general, having reached retirement age, I get out of here and try to provide children with normal living conditions, not survival, normal food, not Chinese grass, normal weather, and not a runny nose for six months.
Kamchadalka
Denis, never take the trouble to answer for everyone. I love my city and I'm not going anywhere. Moreover, among my numerous acquaintances, only a few want to leave. You are the same whiner about whom you write.
My friend, local cows give more expensive milk than imported even. As is meat.
Let's guess.
For 1 kilogram of cattle growth, 7.5 kilograms of high-quality feed are needed. Where is it taken from? That's right - they're taking it. Those. even if we assume that the daylight hours in the same Vladik are the same as the PC, even if we assume the same climate with the same cost of the heating season, if EVEN assume the same cost of maintaining a barn (which is not the case, of course), then grow 1 kilogram of meat in Vladik it is still cheaper and it is better to bring it once than to bring food from the mainland for the sake of this kilogram of meat 7 times. Are you savvy?
Here are your prices.
Good day to all. I want to talk about Kamchatka. I served there in the army for 2 years in 1988-90. I liked the city very much, especially the nature. I ate a lot of fish and overate caviar, not like in Ukraine, where there is nothing. I always remember my service in Kamchatka. He served in the village of Razdolny. 186 battalion Marine Corps. I really want to go there again, but I don’t know if this part is still there or not. And there were no friends left. If anyone knows or can help, suggest something, I will be very glad. And yes, it is very beautiful there. Avacha Bay, hills, volcanoes. I would love to move there to live. If anyone knows and tells me how to do this, I will be very grateful. Write. Greetings from Ukraine.
Violetta Kalinina
I have to go ... I was with my son in June 2014 ... Beauty!!! Yes... the houses are ugly, but I liked the main square... And the sand!! He's black!! Where can you see such cool sand!! We climbed the hills, went out into the sea -)) as if into the ocean)) We plunged into Paratunka, and there was still snow around !!! JUNE! The only thing is that in small stores you need to be more careful when buying products, especially confectionery products - they are very expired ... But the fish (!) Is 10 times cheaper than in Moscow, and what a delicious one, because FRESH ... Beauty!!! I liked it very much, I'm going again, we haven't reached the geysers...
The city looks miserable, despite the most beautiful nature around - Avachinsky Bay, Vilyuchinsky volcano, a group of "home" volcanoes - Koryaksky, Avachinsky, Kozelsky. The houses are grey. A couple of years ago they began to sheathe houses with plastic - they began to look more well-groomed. A new building in the North-East (a district of the city) pleases the eye, but it upsets the wallet very much (housing prices are high), and disappoints with the quality. This is one of the few areas where there are enough playgrounds.
The main problems, troubles and inconveniences of the city:
- there is a catastrophic lack of parking near the house, and in some areas even with paid problems;
- poor quality of medicine. There is a catastrophic shortage of qualified specialists. Many vacancies for doctors have been “filled” with labor migrants, I don’t know where they came from, but there are problems with communication in Russian (personally, I can’t address many doctors in our polyclinic by name and patronymic, because some of them I even read it with difficulty No, I have no problems with reading, it's just that something like Khasanambekovna doesn't fall on my tongue). There are also Slavic doctors. but all equally do not care about the patient. On the other hand, after work they earn extra money in paid jobs and there they are already very happy to see us, the very politeness and attentiveness ... you can’t do without unprintable words ...;
- low quality of housing and communal services. I won't comment here. Because many words, half unprinted;
- roads (or rather lack of normal roads) - this applies to both the road surface and the convenience of interchanges. There are essentially 2 roads in the city, through one of the large sleeping areas - Leninsky, there is only one road, two-lane (that is, one lane there and one back), there are several sections where there are three lanes, but this does not save the situation - near these " bottle necks"There is a traffic jam. There are only two roads leading to the city center - one from the Leninsky district, the other from the Oktyabrsky district - the city stands in traffic jams during rush hours. In addition to the fact that there have been a lot of cars in the city lately, narrow roads and inconvenient intersections further aggravate the situation "Last year they opened a bypass road, and thanks for that. Another inconvenience is that you drive up to the traffic light in the right lane with the intention of turning right. The green arrow is on at the traffic light to the right. But you still wait for the main green one, because there is a separate there are no lanes for turning at most intersections (there is an arrow, but there are no lanes), and it’s not a fact that you are lucky and the driver in front also wants to turn right;
- people. Every second one behaves so quickly behind the wheel that one simply marvels at human impudence. And people really like to relax in garbage dumps and landfills. How else to explain that all the places available for recreation are simply polluted with garbage (bottles, cigarette butts, packaging from everything, anything, and other garbage). Ecological actions are periodically arranged, but in a week - again, sorry, srach;
- with regard to the pollution of recreational areas, it is partly the fault and the authorities, tk. all these places, although they are massively visited by locals (and guests), there is no infrastructure and ennoblement. At least we could organize garbage collection. Take the same Malaya Lagernaya. A little further is the village of Zavoyko, so a garbage truck passes by anyway. It’s just that you need to make a detour of 500 meters to Lagerny (250-300 meters there and the same back);
- food is expensive. Fruits and vegetables are Chinese, tasteless. Locals are few and expensive;
- fish and caviar stand as if our region does not produce it;
- it is profitable for employers to hire visitors, because they are ready to work for a smaller salary;
- very high %% rates on loans and mortgages (compared to the rates of the same bank in other regions).
There are optimists and pessimists, the former believe and do something, the latter whine and wait for someone to do something good for them. And the city is very beautiful and under construction. And the rest, as everywhere in Russia - and medicine, and housing and communal services, and roads, and prices. If you don’t like it, move somewhere, find out how people live in such cities, and not in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other megacities, then compare.
Regarding roads, this year I was in Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude, Khabarovsk, Chita, Vladivostok. Believe me, our roads are very good. Asphalt washes away every spring, but nevertheless, the authorities bring them back to normal. Our driving culture is generally at the highest level), seriously! In Transbaikalia and Primorye, there is generally no such thing as skipping, buckling up, stopping at the stop line and not driving while driving there, seven sweats came down).
Agree on everything. I arrived in the city 12 years later and was surprised by such changes - the drivers are only non-Russian Uzbeks or Turkmens, the buses are old, where there is nowhere to put the stroller and what should a mother and baby do, how to get to the hospital? Next: $150 is enough just to go to the store 5-6 times for groceries. The salary, mainly for paying for communal services and food, is low. A lonely person cannot live a month without debt. Russian doctors are cool, but non-Russians do not meet the qualifications in general. They just get paid and don't get treated. Many shopping malls have been set up (which close at 20:00, they work like shops, not shopping malls). Set up a lot of shops and catering establishments. There is nowhere to relax with the family, only in summer - the forest, the ocean. All the time - work, home and all. Without communication, people harden. Big hotels are being built - for what and for whom? It would be better if the old houses were demolished. I don't want to go back and live. I don’t want to survive, I want to live normally and eat right, not with Chinese products. Russians also have low-quality steel - there is no tasty real butter and sausage, only additives. I liked potatoes, Kamchatka vegetables and that's all. She has lived in Kamchatka since 1994. If you think about your health and children, there is nothing more to do there. The administration does not think about the population and the quality of the services provided - they have their own service.
Distinctive features. What do we know about Kamchatka? Even at school, this was the name of the farthest desk, where you could hide from teachers, calmly go about your business and even sleep. So it is in reality - it takes a long time to get to Kamchatka, and the one who ended up there has the feeling that he has come to the end of the Earth.
From the same school lessons we know that Kamchatka is a land of volcanoes and geysers. And we also know that it is here that red caviar is mined, which has always been considered a delicacy, but more “democratic” compared to black sturgeon caviar.
The vast expanses of Kamchatka are very sparsely populated. More than half of the population are residents of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. In addition to it, there are only two cities in Kamchatka - Vilyuchinsk and Yelizovo. But they can also be considered suburbs of the same Petropavlovsk. The base of the Russian Pacific Fleet is located in Vilyuchinsk, so it has the status of a closed territory.
Despite the remoteness, Kamchatka attracts extreme tourists, photographers and scientists. Here is the highest volcano in Eurasia - Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4750 m), "Valley of Geysers" in the Kronotsky Reserve. Not far from the eastern coast are the Commander Islands, which are also a unique nature reserve.
Volcano Klyuchevskaya Sopka. Photo by Georg (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/georgs53/)
Geographic location. Already by its name it is clear that the Kamchatka Territory is located on the Kamchatka Peninsula. This is one of the most eastern regions of Russia, second only to Chukotka. The neighbors of the Kamchatka Territory are the Magadan Region in the west and the already mentioned Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the north. Kamchatka Krai is part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
The coast of Kamchatka washes Pacific Ocean. Of course, it is not so quiet, but rather severe, especially in northern latitudes. The western shores of Kamchatka are washed by the Sea of Okhotsk, the eastern - by the Bering Sea.
Most of the territory of Kamchatka is covered with mountains and forests. The Sredinny Ridge with a length of more than 900 km stands out especially. There is no taiga familiar to Siberia here - Kamchatka is separated from it by a tundra zone. Instead of taiga, here you can find unique forests of Kamchatka stone birch, which you can never confuse with our usual birch trees of the middle zone - they have grown up so much to withstand the gusty Kamchatka winds.
Stone birch is one of the symbols of Kamchatka. Photo by Innochka (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/cu-in/)
Population Kamchatka Territory - 320549 people. Over the past 20 years, it has decreased by two-thirds. It seems that the turning point has been passed, and now the population of Kamchatka has stabilized. For the past four years, it has remained at the same level.
Russians make up 78% of the region's population, followed by Ukrainians (3.6%). The indigenous population - Koryaks - is only 2%.
Interestingly, the ratio of men and women in the Kamchatka Territory is approximately the same - 49%: 51%, and in most central regions of Russia, the proportion of men is 2-3 percent lower.
Crime. The Kamchatka Territory is ranked 44th in terms of crime. The cities are quite calm - there are both military patrols and a more adult conscious population. Poachers are a big problem for law enforcement. Firstly, red caviar is too dainty business, attracting different dark personalities, secondly, hunting in reserves is also a pleasure, loved by criminal elements. Another problem is corruption, which, as you know, the higher the farther from Moscow. And from Kamchatka to Moscow - 11900 km.
Unemployment rate in Kamchatka is not much different from the average Russian. In 2012, it amounted to 5.83%. This is not so much, considering that 10 years ago it was twice as high. As for the incomes of the local population, the situation is even better. The average salary in the region in 2012 reached 43,445 rubles. Unlike many regions of the Far North, the most profitable industry here is by no means oil and gas production.
A level above the average is shown by public administration (59 thousand rubles), the production of electrical and optical equipment (52.6 thousand rubles), transport (51.5 thousand rubles), production food products(45.6 thousand rubles) and a number of other industries.
But you can hardly guess which of them recorded the highest average salary. This is ... financial activity, where average level income - 81.7 thousand rubles. Interestingly, if we consider that more high level wages is associated with difficult working conditions in the Far North, then what kind of harsh conditions are observed, for example, among bank employees of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky? Do bears come into their departments every day? Or is it showering them with volcanic ash? Unclear.
Real estate value. The average cost of 1 square. meters of housing in the capital of the region - 70 thousand rubles. A one-room apartment in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky will cost you about 2 million rubles. Two-room apartments are offered for 2.5 - 3 million rubles.
Climate Kamchatka varies depending on the latitude. In the north it is temperate continental, in the south it is temperate maritime. In winter, average temperatures are also different - from -9 ° C in the south to -24 ° C in the north. Winter in Kamchatka is very long, and summer is short and rainy, with an average temperature of +12..+16°C.
Valley of Geysers. Photo by victor.putnik (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/victor-putnik/)
A feature of Kamchatka is strong winds, snowstorms, hurricanes and storms. Particularly goes to the southern part of the peninsula. This is due to the movement of cyclones coming either from Japan or from the Sea of Okhotsk. Also in the south there is heavy rainfall, reaching 1200 mm. In the north - drier, somewhere around 300-400 mm per year.
Kamchatka is divided into several climatic regions - western, eastern, northern, mountainous and the valley of the Kamchatka River. The climate is most favorable on the east coast, with relatively long summers and warmer winters due to warm cyclones from the Pacific Ocean.
Cities of the Kamchatka Territory
Elizovo airport. Photo by Lex (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/food-itr/)
(22 thousand people) - the last of the cities of Kamchatka. It's not even a city. And the union of several naval bases that are located near Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - Rybachy, Primorsky and Seldevaya. The entire city is a zone closed to the public. random people there is no. What to add here? The base is the base. With its own infrastructure - schools, kindergartens for children of military personnel and even Christian churches.
Vilyuchinsk. Photo by mis (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/mistepenko/)