According to the All-Russian Population Census, as of October 14, 2010, there were 1,287 urban-type settlements in Russia. Of these, 206 with a population of more than 10 thousand inhabitants. No. Urban-type settlement Region Population, thous. (2002) ... ... Wikipedia
Urban planning of the USSR and Russia Documentation Urban planning code Rules for land use and development General plan Planning project Surveying project GPZU ... Wikipedia
According to the All-Russian Population Census, as of October 9, 2002, there were 181 rural settlements in Russia with a population of more than 10 thousand inhabitants. Among the largest rural settlements are 95 villages, 56 villages, 29 villages and 1 ... ... Wikipedia
According to the results of the 2010 census, among 1100 cities in Russia, 163 cities had a population of more than 100 thousand inhabitants (as well as 2 more rounded), entering the categories of large, large, largest cities and cities of millionaires. At the same time, 1 more ... ... Wikipedia
Urban-type settlement Chervonoe, Ukraine. Chervone Country UkraineUkraine ... Wikipedia
Coordinates: 55°42′ s. sh. 36°58′ E / 55.7° N sh. 36.966667° E etc. ... Wikipedia
Subject: "Decision logical tasks".
Lesson Objectives:
Cognitive:
1. Formation and development of various types of memory, attention, imagination.
2. Formation and development of general educational skills and abilities.
3. Formation of a general ability to seek and find new solutions, unusual ways to achieve the desired result, new approaches to considering the proposed situation.
4. Formation of interdisciplinary communication.
Developing:
1. To develop speech, thinking in the course of mastering such methods of mental activity as the ability to analyze, compare, synthesize, generalize, highlight the main thing, prove and refute.
2. Develop motor skills.
3. Develop the child's cognitive ability.
4. Development of control and self-control skills.
Educators:
1. To instill in children a sense of friendship, camaraderie.
2. Cultivate love for the subject.
3. To educate a system of moral interpersonal relations.
Adaptive
1. Adaptation to the topic of the lesson; adaptation teacher - student; student-student adaptation.
2. To form the main groups of students' competencies at various stages of the lesson.
Lesson equipment:
Ø interactive board, multimedia projector;
Ø presentation prepared in MS Power Point;
Ø Handout.
Lesson type:
Lesson explaining and consolidating knowledge
Methods:
Visual;
Analytical;
Independent work;
Forms of organization of educational activities:
frontal, individual.
Requirements for knowledge and skills of students:
students should know:
basic methods for solving logical problems.
students should be able to:
solve logical problems in various ways.
During the classes
1. Class organization.
So, friends, pay attention!
The bell rang again
Sit comfortably
Let's start the lesson now.
The theme of our lesson is "Solving logical problems."
Without logic, it is almost impossible to introduce
into our world of ingenious finds of intuition.
Kirill Fandeev (musician, composer)
2. Actualization of knowledge, skills and abilities.1. Train the mind! (intellectual warm-up)
1) There are a ruler, a pencil, a compass and an elastic band on the table. Draw a circle on a piece of paper. Where to begin?
Answer: Get a sheet of paper.
2) One train travels from Moscow to St. Petersburg with a delay of 10 minutes, and the other - from St. Petersburg to Moscow with a delay of 20 minutes. Which of these trains will be closer to Moscow when they meet?
Answer: At the time of the meeting, they will be at the same distance from Moscow
3) The boy fell down 4 steps and broke his leg. How many legs will a boy break if he falls down 40 steps?
Answer: Just one, because the second one is already broken, or no more than one, if you're lucky
4) How to say correctly: "9 and 7 will be 15" or "9 plus 7 equals 15"?
The answer is 9+7=16.
3. Learning a new topic
What does it mean to solve logical problems?
We will compare, analyze, generalize, draw conclusions in the lessons.
Methods for solving logical problems:
reasoning method
Table method
Graph method
Euler circle method
Algebra of logic
reasoning method.
Table method:
Solving problems in a tabular way: The tabular way of solving logical problems is simple and clear. But it can only be used when you want to establish a correspondence between two sets. It is more convenient when sets have five or six elements.
To solve the problem in a tabular way, you need to know the following rules:
1. In each row and in each column of the table, there can be only one “+” sign.
2. If in a row (or column) all “places”, except one, are occupied by “-”, then a “+” sign must be placed in the free space; if there is already a “+” sign in the row (or column), then all other places should be occupied by the “-” sign.
Thus, the solution will be completed when we manage to place one plus in each row and column.
Let's get to the tasks
1. Summary of the lesson: In mathematics, there are varioustypes of logical tasks.
2. Methods lie in logical analysisconditions, choosing the appropriate laws of mathematics and ways of optimal solution.
3. . Tasks for ingenuity help to learn to think independently, develop logic, interest in mathematics. With their help, you can feel the connection of mathematics with real life problems.
And in conclusion…
. “If two people each have one apple and they exchange them, each of them will have only one apple. But if two people each have one idea and exchange them, each will have two ideas.” B. Show
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Where do you live? In the town? In a village or town? Have you ever thought about the differences between one locality and another? Most likely not. Few people pay attention to such trifles in Everyday life. Therefore, we decided to reveal a little the nuances of the territorial division in Russia. Today we will consider urban-type settlements.
Types of settlements in Russia
The administrative-territorial division in our country can be represented as follows:
- village;
- village;
- village;
- urban village;
- city.
If we talk about the types of settlements in more detail, it should be noted that a village is considered to be a settlement in which even less than ten people can live. There are no infrastructure and leisure facilities.
The expanded village in which the school is built, Kindergarten and a clinic, becomes a village. Most often, settlements are located in an accessible proximity to the city and have constant transport links with it.
All the listed infrastructure facilities and a church are located in the village. Its presence is mandatory to obtain the status of this settlement. In addition, villages can be formed at a distance from cities and district centers.
There is another type of settlement - ZATO. These settlements are closed and according to their characteristics they belong to urban-type settlements. Its inhabitants are employees of secret enterprises of strategic importance for our country. Usually the population of ZATOs is not numerous, it rarely exceeds two thousand people. Until the nineties of the last century, these settlements were strictly secret and did not even have their own names.
What is an urban-type settlement?
Urban-type settlements (abbreviated as urban-type settlements) are settlements in which at least three thousand people live. Moreover, more than 80% of the population should be employed outside the industry Agriculture. We can say that the urban-type settlement is an intermediate link between the village and the city.
Urban-type settlement: the history of appearance in Russia
In pre-revolutionary Russia there was no such thing as "urban-type settlements". The administrative-territorial division did not provide for such a unit, but in the early twenties of the last century, the government of the young country decided to make major changes to the definitions and names of some territorial units. For the first time, the definition of a settlement was introduced, from which an urban-type settlement was formed after that.
Urban-type settlement: classification
Urban-type settlements in Russia do not represent a single structure. This title is generic. In fact, PGT can be divided into several subspecies:
- resort villages;
- holiday villages;
- workers' settlements.
Each of these types can be safely attributed to the PGT, but they have their own characteristics and features. For example, a working settlement is located very close to a city or a large city-forming enterprise. All its inhabitants can work in one place, and the population often does not exceed two thousand people.
Resort and holiday villages are located in places where sanatoriums and health resorts have been built. The population of these urban-type settlements serves various institutions and is subject to seasonality. This is especially true of holiday villages, they retained their status only if there were at least one and a half thousand inhabitants in it throughout the year.
Urban-type settlement: description
In general terms, the urban-type settlement practically does not differ from the city. In central Russia, where many ancient cities are located, the population of urban-type settlements often exceeds the number of urban residents by several times. However, they are still referred to as PGT.
An urban-type settlement is usually quite large. The average urban settlement has a population of 15,000 people. On its territory there are clinics, schools, preschool institutions and numerous shopping centers. Quite often, several roads pass through an urban-type settlement, including federal significance. Often such a settlement has several parks or is crossed by a river. In this case, it occupies just a huge territory.
We can say that the urban-type settlement is the same city, but it lacks social infrastructure facilities. Children have nowhere to be creative, adults do not have the opportunity to get into a theater or a museum. This is what prevents this settlement from obtaining the status of a city. On average, the population of urban-type settlements ranges from one to two thousand people to two hundred thousand people.
City and urban-type settlement: differences
These two types of settlements are very similar to each other and, at first glance, do not have significant differences. But in fact there are some differences.
First of all, the differences are noticeable in the management of the settlement. The PGT has a head who has a staff of administrative workers. But according to the tariff scale, his position is called just that - "the head of an urban-type settlement." In the city, the head is the mayor, and in his absence, deputies deal with important issues. Next come the lower-level officials.
It is unlikely that you will find an urban-type settlement whose residential buildings have thirty floors, although this is not prohibited by law. But in reality, urban settlements are built up with houses no higher than nine floors.
A private house in an urban-type settlement is not uncommon. Quite often, residents prefer to build on their own land plot thus expanding the boundaries of the settlement. This is not possible in the city. A person can acquire land for individual construction only outside the settlement. Inside the city limits, free land is always given for high-rise construction.
The most important and noticeable difference between an urban-type settlement and a city is infrastructure facilities. Usually urban-type settlements do not have a swimming pool, a circus and a theater. All other entertainment and leisure facilities in the urban-type settlement are identical to those in the city.
How are postal codes formed?
Urban-type settlements have the same index formation system as other settlements in the country. After the forties of the last century, an innovative system of postal identification was introduced, which is still in effect.
In our country, six-digit indexes are accepted. In this case, the first three digits indicate the code of the settlement, and the second three - the number of the post office. Big cities may have several codes that facilitate the delivery of correspondence to the addressee. But urban settlements usually have one code and several post offices.
The largest and sparsely populated urban settlements in Russia
At the moment, federal legislation does not regulate the status of an urban-type settlement by a settlement. This is done by local authorities. But the spread in the population of urban settlements within the country is quite large. For example, the Sunzha urban-type settlement is considered the largest; more than sixty thousand people live in it. More than a hundred urban-type settlements have a population of less than one thousand people. But the smallest is considered the urban-type settlement Kozhym. It is located in the Komi Republic, and only four people live on its territory.
Moscow region
The urban-type settlements of the Moscow region are quite numerous, at the moment there are twenty-four territorial units:
- Nakhabino.
- Tomilino.
- Malakhovka.
- Vlasikha.
- Kraskovo.
- Kalinets.
- Monino.
- Beloozersky.
- Tuchkovo.
- October.
- Specific.
- Sofrino.
- Selyatino.
- Dam.
- Big Vyazemy.
- Mikhnevo.
- Fryanovo.
- Ilyinsky.
- Andreevka.
- Bykovo.
- Nekrasovsky.
- Shakhovskaya.
- Pravdinsky.
- Obukhovo.
The most densely populated urban area is Nakhabino, with a little over forty thousand inhabitants. And the smallest was the urban-type settlement of Obukhovo, its population is ten thousand people.
We can say that the urban settlements of the Moscow region are characterized by rapid population growth and transformation into a different status. Sociologists attribute this to the proximity of Moscow. The huge metropolis is gradually growing and approaching urban-type settlements. As a result, they merge into a single territorial unit and become part of the city. This practice is actively used all over the world, because million-plus cities tend to develop and grow not only in height, but also in width.
In conclusion, I would like to say that urban-type settlements are an intermediate administrative-territorial unit. During the period of decline in urbanization, they lose their significance and numbers, but at the time of the rapid growth of cities, it is urban settlements that become a kind of fuel for numerous urban enterprises that need workers.