The 19th century gave us many female names and many love stories. Not all of them had a happy ending, but we owe almost every one of them the fact that either magnificent poems, or music, or paintings were born. On May 29, on the birthday of the Russian lyric poet, whom A.S. Pushkin compared with Petrarch, Konstantin Nikolayevich Batyushkov, I just want to remember such a love story. The President of the Academy of Arts and Director public library Aleksey Nikolayevich Olenin had five children and one pupil, Yubimitsa G.R. Derzhavin - Anna Fedorovna Furman. First, the translator of Homer, the poet N.I. Gnedich, and then the poet K.N. Batyushkov, fell in love with her. And he dedicated one of his most famous poems to her...
Kiprensky O. A. Portrait of Anna Feodorovna Furman 1816
(Russian Museum, St. Petersburg)
MY GENIUS
Oh memory of the heart! You are stronger
Reason of sad memory
And often with its sweetness
You captivate me in a distant country.
I remember the voice of sweet words
I remember blue eyes
I remember golden curls
Carelessly curly hair.
My shepherdess incomparable
I remember the whole outfit is simple,
And the image is sweet, unforgettable
Travels with me everywhere.
Guardian my genius - love
He is given in joy to separation:
Will I fall asleep? cling to the head
And soothe a sad dream.
(1815)
In all the portraits, she looks like a dreamer, a romantic person. "Blue eyes", yes golden curls, a melancholic look, well, what else does a poet need for inspiration? In 1809, Nikolai Ivanovich Gnedich fell hopelessly in love with Anna Fedorovna, an eighteen-year-old girl. But Anna remained indifferent to his courtship and made it clear to him. And how could a person who did not look like a prince at all count on reciprocity: Gnedich did not have one eye, and his face was disfigured by smallpox. The girl, brought up among the beautiful, wanted to have a different husband next to her. Gnedich's friend, K.N. Batyushkov, understood all this and wrote to him: " Anna Fyodorovna, really, is good, and let her incense! You won't get anything from this. Don't fly around the candle - you'll get burned. However, if you like..." Having written this, Batyushkov did not even think that he would soon fall into the same networks.
O. A. Kiprensky Portrait of K. N. Batyushkov 1815
(State Historical Museum, Moscow)
To Batyushkov
The philosopher is frisky and piit,
Parnassian happy sloth,
Harit pampered favorite,
Confidant of the lovely aonids,
Pochto on a golden-stringed harp
Silenced, joy singer?
Can it be you, young dreamer,
Finally broke up with Phoebus?
A.S. Pushkin
The year 1812 made Batyushkov a warrior - he himself, voluntarily went to war, was an adjutant of the legendary general Raevsky, and was seriously wounded. In 1814, he returned to St. Petersburg and, of course, immediately met with people close to him. And this is the Olenin family and Ekaterina Muravyova. It was at this time that he falls in love with Anna Furman and makes an attempt to become her husband. A new cycle of poems has appeared. Hopes are growing that the poet, whose inspired images touch and excite, gains strength for creativity. It was at this time that the young Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, after reading Batyushkov's poems, admiringly said: " Italian sounds! What kind of miracle worker is this Batyushkov". The girl is persuaded to reciprocate both in the Olenin family and relatives of Batyushkov, but she again remains indifferent to courtship. An icy character, the search for freedom ... Batyushkov, at that time, writes surprisingly lyrical poems dedicated to his beloved ...
O.A. Kiprensky. K. N. Batyushkov 1815
ELEGY
Under a new burden of sadness!
Like a wanderer thrown from the bowels of the furious waves,
On the shore wild and flinty
He gets up and sees the boat with horror, broken,
Shafts roaring and lightning serpentine,
Announced around the lead sky;
With a trembling hand he asks the darkness,
With his foot he glides over the abysses,
And the violent wind blows
His prayer voice, sobs and groans ... -
On the edge of death so I call to salvation
You, the last friend of the heart!
Sweet support, hope, consolation
Amidst eternal sorrows and affliction!
My guardian angel, left to me by God! ..
I hid your image in my soul as a pledge
All the beauty... and the goodness of the Creator.
I flew with your name under the banner of battle
Seek either death or a glorious crown.
In moments of terrible pure heart tribute
I brought you on the Champs de Mars:
And in the world, and in war, in all earthly lands
Your image followed me with love;
He became inseparable from the sad wanderer.
How often in silence, all busy with you,
In the forests where Juvisi is proud of the river,
And Seina pours a silver crystal over the flowers,
How often among the crowd, both noisy and careless,
In the capital of luxury, among lovely wives,
I forgot the magic sirens singing
And I thought about you only in sorrow of the heart.
I repeated my sweet name
In the cool groves of Albion
And the echo to call the beautiful taught
In the flourishing pastures of Richmond.
Places are charming and in their wildness,
O stones of Sweden, Scandinavian deserts,
The monastery is ancient and valor and morals!
You heard the vow and the voice of my love,
You often fed the wanderer thoughtfulness,
When the ruddy dennitsa reflected
And distant rocks of granite shores,
And the villages of plowmen, and the shelters of fishermen
Through thin, morning fogs
On the mirror waters of the desert Trolletana.
Always filled with you alone
With what joy he stepped onto the shores of his fatherland!
"Here will be," I said, "my soul will rest,
The end of labors, the end of wandering life."
Ah, how deceived I am in my dreams!
How again happiness insidiously changed me
In love and friendship... in everything,
What sweetly flattered the heart,
What has always been a secret hope!
There is an end to wanderings - never to sorrows!
In your presence suffering and anguish
I have known new things with my heart.
They are worse than separation
The worst of all! I have seen, I have read
In your silence, in interrupted conversation,
In your sad eyes
In this secret sorrow of downcast eyes,
In your smile and in your very cheerfulness
Traces of heartbreak...
And yet, Batyushkov's pleas, his torments and the persuasion of his relatives did their job - Anna Fedorovna agrees to marry the poet. But... but she honestly tells the groom that she does not love him and that her heart does not belong to him. Batiushkov nobly refuses marriage and becomes a deeply unhappy person, he will carry the tragedy of unrequited love through his whole life. And his further life will turn out tragically - he will go crazy at the thirty-fourth year of his life, having lived after that for more than thirty years.
Once, in a moment of enlightenment, he said about himself to the poet Vyazemsky: “I he looks like a man who did not reach his goal, but he carried a beautiful vessel filled with something on his head. The vessel fell off the head, fell and shattered into smithereens. Go find out now what was in it". However, before all this, Batyushkov managed to do a lot for the Russian language and literature. Pushkin called him a happy associate of Lomonosov ... But, alas, best poet pre-Pushkin period, he published only one small book "Experiments in verse and prose" in 1817 at the expense of his friend N.I. Gnedich.
Unknown artist Portrait of the poet Konstantin Batyushkov 1850
PARTING
Hussar, leaning on a saber,
In deep sorrow stood;
For a long time parting with the sweetheart,
Sighing, he said:
"Do not cry, beauty! Tears
Kruchin evil not help!
I swear on honor and mustache
Love cannot be changed!
Love is an invincible force!
She is my true shield in war;
Bulat in hand, and in the heart of Lila, -
What should I be afraid of?
Don't cry, beauty! With tears
Kruchin evil not help!
And if I change ... with a mustache
I swear to be punished!
Then my faithful horse stumble,
Flying into the enemy camp with an arrow,
The bridle is torn
And a stirrup under the foot!
Let the damask steel in hand with a swing
Break like a rotten rod
And I, turning pale with fear,
I will appear before you!"
But the faithful horse did not stumble
Under our dashing rider;
Bulat did not break in battles, -
And the honor of the hussar is with him!
And he forgot love and tears
Your shepherdess dear
And tore roses in a foreign land of happiness
With another beauty
But what did the shepherd do?
I gave my heart to another.
Love for beauties is a toy,
And their oaths are words!
Everything is here, friends! breathes change,
Now there is no loyalty anywhere!
Cupid, laughing, writes all the oaths
An arrow on the water.
Anna Fedorovna, in 1822, married the merchant Wilhelm-Adolf Oom and went to live in Dorpat. Soon her husband was assigned to serve as a teacher and supervisor at the Educational School of the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. But already in 1827 he died, and A.F. Oom took the position of chief overseer of the Orphanage (Nikolaev Orphan Institute) in St. Petersburg. Contemporaries spoke of her as "a charming and highly moral person" ... But did she just remember the poor poet and his love? ..
K.N. Batyushkov can be called the teacher of A.S. Pushkin, it was he who discovered many images and motifs, which the Russian genius later developed and brought to perfection. Poems by K.N. Batyushkov showed how melodic and sincere poetry can be. Before him, there was no such harmony and simplicity in Russian lyrics. The best of all the creative heritage of this author are poems dedicated to his beloved. And the work "My genius" is bright to that confirmation.
K.N. Batyushkov was lucky to experience true love. He was happy with her, despite the fact that this love was not mutual. The poet devoted many poems to his beloved, which became the pearls of his creative heritage. The list of these love works also includes the poem “My Genius” we are considering.
To whom did the poet dedicate his poems? A young girl - Anna Furman. Young people met in St. Petersburg in 1813. K.N. Batyushkov courted Anna for a long time, but she did not have reciprocal feelings. Ultimately, she agreed to marry the gentleman, not for love, but because of his wealth. When the poet found out about this, he broke off the engagement. But the bright image of love that Anna gave him was preserved in his heart forever.
Genre, direction, size
Batyushkov worked in the heyday of romanticism. His poems are imbued with sadness and longing. According to the genre, the poem "My Genius" is an elegy, as it conveys the poet's deeply personal experiences, imbued with a mood of sadness. The lyrical hero turns to his memory and leads a conversation with her about irrevocable happiness.
The poet in his elegy uses such a poetic meter as iambic tetrameter, which conveys a smooth, measured rhythm. The type of rhyme in this work is mixed. The author combines male and female rhyme, which gives a feeling of some inconsistency. So K.N. Batyushkov wants to show the sincerity of what he is talking about lyrical hero. His words are not memorized patterns, but living speech.
Images and symbols
The focus is on the lyrical hero, who mentally refers to the memory: the memory of the heart and the memory of the mind. These two polar forces seem to be opposed. And the memory of the heart, it is the feeling that wins over the mind. And then he sees, as if in reality, his genius - his beloved, who alone is capable of filling the whole world with herself. The lyrical hero remembers the heroine in detail, he does not even need her personal presence, because her image is always with him.
The poem uses many images. So, for example, the image of a shepherdess. The lyrical hero wants to emphasize that he does not care about the status and wealth of his beloved, he loves her only because she is her. He doesn't need any other reason. Also significant are the images of memory, to which the narrator refers, pointing to the victory of the memory of the heart.
Topics and issues
- The main theme of the poem is love. It is this feeling that the lyrical hero bows to. He is happy because he loves. Only the image of his beloved gives him consolation and the ability to create.
- In addition, the author touches upon the problem of the struggle between reason and feeling. If earlier, at the time of classicism, the conflict of duty and emotions was resolved in favor of the first, then in this work the lyrical hero, without hesitation, chooses feelings.
Idea
The meaning of the work lies in the fact that love is a consolation and joy. This bright feeling captivates and leads into the world of dreams. Even in a foreign land, when everything is different around, heartfelt affection helps, does not allow a person to lose heart, fills his life with meaning.
Thus, the main idea of the work is that it is much more valuable to love than to be loved. Yes, it's wonderful when love is mutual. But, regardless of the feelings of the chosen one, your heart and soul are filled with life-giving power when you love.
Means of artistic expression
In his work, K.N. Batyushkov uses all kinds of means artistic expressiveness. So, when describing a genius - a beloved, the author uses bright epithets: "the voice of sweet words", "blue eyes", "golden curls". With the help of them, we can not only imagine the heroine, but also understand how gently and reverently the lyrical hero treats her.
The poet also uses metaphors, for example, "shepherds of the incomparable." The author emphasizes the simplicity and naivete, openness of his beloved.
In addition, in the poem by K.N. Batyushkov, we can meet syntactic parallelism when describing the appearance of the heroine. And the use of the words of the high lecture "Vlasov", "golden", which elevates the image of the beloved.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!Oh memory of the heart! You are stronger
Reason of sad memory
And often with your sweetness
You captivate me in a distant country.
I remember the voice of sweet words
I remember blue eyes
I remember golden curls
Carelessly curly hair.
My shepherdess incomparable
I remember the whole outfit is simple,
And the image is sweet, unforgettable,
Travels with me everywhere.
Keeper my genius - love
He is given in joy to separation;
Will I fall asleep? - will stick to the headboard
And soothe a sad dream.
Analysis of the poem "My Genius" by Batyushkov
"My Genius" is a wonderful poetic creation of the great Russian poet Konstantin Nikolayevich Batyushkov.
The elegy "My Genius", written in 1813, is dedicated to the poet's unrequited love for the charming girl Anna Furman. Despite the fact that the feelings of Konstantin Batyushkov remained unanswered, the image of his beloved remained with him throughout later life, inspiring the poet to write a cycle of poems, which includes this elegy.
Subject
The theme of the poem is the unrequited love of the poet.
At the beginning of the work, the author describes the confrontation between the heart and the mind, in which the victory remains with the feelings. The memories stored in the hero's heart captivate him even in the most distant lands. These confessions make us understand that in matters relating to love, reason has no power over the lover.
Idea
In his poem, the author laid the idea that sincere love is not afraid of either time or distance. Batyushkov showed that "the image of a sweet, unforgettable" is for him a guardian angel who can always console the sad soul of the hero.
Size and rhyme
The work under consideration by K. Batyushkov is written in iambic tetrameter. In the poem, the author uses the cross rhyme ABAB, as well as male and female rhymes.
Composition
“My genius” can be conditionally divided into two semantic parts: in the first part, the hero addresses his heart, and in the next part, a portrait of the beloved hero is presented. It should be noted that there is no visual division into stanzas in the work.
Genre
The genre of the poem is an elegy, it conveys deep soul feelings the author, imbued with sadness. The work feels love and notes of sadness caused by separation.
means of expression
KN Batyushkov uses various means of artistic expression. Describing the memory of the heart, the author refers to syntactic parallelism, and creating the image of the beloved, uses expressive epithets that reinforce expressive coloring works (“blue eyes”, “cute image”, “sad memory”, etc.).
To pass on to the reader internal state hero, the poet uses metaphors, for example, "curly hair", "a distant country", "golden curls".
The poem "My Genius" by K. N. Batyushkov is one of the most beautiful works of the poet. It reflects how deep and sincere a person's feelings can be. In Russian poetry, the lyrics of Konstantin Batyushkov occupies a special place.
Oh memory of the heart! You are stronger
Reason of sad memory
And often with your sweetness
You captivate me in a distant country.
I remember the voice of sweet words
I remember blue eyes
I remember golden curls
Carelessly curly hair.
My shepherdess incomparable
I remember the whole outfit is simple,
And the image is sweet, unforgettable,
Travels with me everywhere.
Guardian my genius - love
He is given in joy to separation;
Will I fall asleep? - will stick to the headboard
And soothe a sad dream.
Analysis of Batyushkov's poem "My Genius"
In the life of every poet there were fatal meetings, and Konstantin Batyushkov is no exception in this matter. In 1813, visiting friends in St. Petersburg, the poet meets Anna Furman and falls in love with a girl without memory. The parents of the young lady are not at all averse to marrying off their daughter to a very wealthy nobleman, who, moreover, is in a prestigious public service. However, Anna Furman does not have reciprocal feelings for the groom. Realizing this, Batyushkov breaks off the engagement, but until the end of his life he keeps in his heart the image of a girl who captivated his imagination.
The poet dedicates a whole cycle of poems to Anna Furman, one of which, entitled "My Genius", dates back to 1815. This work was written a few months after the termination of the engagement, which the poet regrets very much. It is for this reason that the first lines of the poem are filled with sadness and longing. “Oh, the memory of the heart! You are stronger than the mind of a sad memory, ”the poet wants to emphasize with this phrase that he is not able to subordinate his love to logic and common sense. Even knowing that the chosen one does not reciprocate, Baratynsky continues to love her and considers her the only one who is worthy of becoming his wife. However, according to eyewitnesses, Konstantin Batyushkov could become a completely happy family man and live with his young wife happy life. This is what the poet dreamed of, but he understood that his beloved agreed to marriage not because of high feelings but under parental pressure. This assumption soon finds its confirmation when the poet becomes an unwitting eyewitness to the conversation between Anna Furman and her friend. It's about about the upcoming wedding, which the bride treats with disdain, believing that marriage will give her only the only consolation - freedom and deliverance from parental instructions. It was then that Batyushkov decides to talk to the father of the bride and, as if in passing, mentions that he does not have enough money to support his family. This argument turns out to be decisive in the issue of Anna Furman's upcoming marriage, and the wedding is upset. However, the poet does not succeed in leaving Petersburg right away, because, due to a deep nervous shock, he falls ill and needs special care. It was then that he announced to his friends that his financial affairs were shaken in order to hide the true cause of the experience. But in the rush of another bout of clouding his mind, he still betrays his secret, declaring that he cannot live under the same roof with the one who is ready to endure him for the sake of money.
realizing that way back no, and the relationship with Anna Furman is broken forever, the poet continues to keep her image in his own heart. “I remember the voice of sweet words, I remember blue eyes,” the author notes, recreating bit by bit the portrait of the closest and dearest person to him. However, not only the appearance of Anna Furman attracts the poet. He is sincerely convinced that this extraordinary girl is his genius and guardian angel.. It is she who inspires Batyushkov to work and makes him dress his feelings in poetry.
Even after parting with Anna Furman, the poet not only continues to love her, but also sincerely believes that meeting her is a gift of fate. The fact that the feelings turned out to be devoid of reciprocity does not at all sadden Batyushkov, who is happy already because he loves himself. And it seems to him that it is this love that saves him from loneliness and life's hardships, it helps to materialize the image of the chosen one, who, at the most difficult moment, "will cling to the headboard and sweeten the sad dream."
It is noteworthy that Batyushkov carried his feelings for Anna Furman through his whole life, and every year they only became stronger, eventually bringing the impressionable poet to insanity.