The Sokol district in the north of Moscow appeared on the site of the ancient village of Vsekhsvyatskoye. Initially, Sokol was the name of the cooperative settlement of artists, built here in 1923, and then the name was given to the entire area. Since Soviet times, this place has been inhabited by creative intelligentsia, famous athletes and political nomenklatura.
Square on Sandy Square
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Village of All Saints
According to legend, in 1398 a monastery was founded with a temple in the name of the Holy Fathers, which gave the name to the village formed around it - "The village of the Holy Fathers on the river Khodynka". However, there is no documentary evidence of this version. The toponym was first mentioned in 1498 in the spiritual charter of Prince Ivan Yuryevich Patrikeev, according to which he bequeathed this village with other lands to his son Ivan.
When the Patrikeev family falls into disgrace, the territory goes to the state treasury.
In 1602, False Dmitry II ruled here for a short time with troops and, according to legend, before fleeing, he hides treasures in the place of modern Sandy Lane.
Actually, the village became All Saints in the 17th century after, on the initiative of the boyar Ivan Miloslavsky, the then owner of the estate, a stone church in the name of All Saints appeared here.
After the death of Miloslavsky, inherited by his daughter and then her husband, Prince of Imereti Alexander Bagrationi, Vsekhsvyatskoye turns into the center of the Georgian diaspora in Moscow.
On modern tours of the Falcon, you can often hear that in Church of All Saints, located now near the metro, until the middle of the 19th century, Georgian chants and church rites were held.
Only after the serf reform of 1861, Vsekhvyatskoe ceased to be the patrimony of the Georgian princes, becoming a volost center. The lands began to be sold for dachas, where the military mainly settled. And in 1915, the Moscow City Bratsk Cemetery was opened in Vsekhvyatskoye for the victims of the First World War.
The village became part of Moscow in 1917. In the 1930s, the first tolleybus line and the green metro line were launched here. In the 1940s, the toponym Vsekhsvyatskoye was replaced by Sokol and Sandy Streets.
Church of All Saints at the end of the 19th century
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"Sokol Village" (Artists)
Settlement "Falcon" (Artists), founded in 1923, later gave its name to the entire area. This is a kind of “New Moscow”, as architects of the early 20th century saw it. The idea of a garden city, a green oasis on the outskirts, devoid of negative urban traits, was first proposed by the English utopian sociologist E. Howard.
The urban planning experiment in Russia was implemented in the 1920s, in the NEPman period, which was malleable to fresh trends. For the most part, the banal housing crisis prompted the authorities to create “garden cities”. At the same time, cooperative “Housing associations” were established in the country.
The decree, according to which cooperative associations and individual citizens received the right to build urban plots, was signed by Lenin in 1921. And in March 1923, the Sokol partnership was formed.
Its first shareholders were the intelligent public, some of which were densified or evicted from their apartment buildings. The cooperative was given a piece of land on the outskirts of the village of Vsekhsvyatskoe, and construction began that same year. The Sokol was headed by Vasily Sakharov, chairman of the Vsekokhudozhnik trade union, who was shot in 1937.
"Village of Artists" on Sokol
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The houses in the village were created according to individual projects, and when planning the streets, non-standard spatial solutions were used. So, for example, there is a visual illusion here, because of which the streets seem much longer than they really are. This effect was achieved in different ways: some streets make a bend at the end, some break and noticeably narrow towards the end. So, Surikov Street seems long on the one hand, and very short on the other.
Initially, the streets in the village had prosaic names: School, Telephone, Cozy and others. The initiative to rename in honor of Russian painters belongs to the artist Pavel Pavlinov, a resident of the village. He chose the names to his taste, and in April 1928 they were approved by the Moscow Council. So, in the village of Sokol, streets appeared: Alabyan, Bryullov, Venetsianov, Vereshchagin, Vrubel, Kiprensky, Kramskoy, Levitan, Polenov, Savrasov, Serov, Surikov, Shishkin. And the "garden city" itself began to be unofficially called the village of Artists.
After the war, the land given to the village began to be taken away for mass construction. The settlement was repeatedly tried to be demolished, but the residents and architects managed to defend Sokol.
In 1979, the Sokol settlement received the status of an urban planning monument and became the third in the list of monuments of the first years of Soviet power after the Lenin Mausoleum and the Northern River Station.
Novopeschanaya st., 14
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sandy streets
Novopeschannaya, Sandy, 2nd Sandy, 3rd Sandy, Sandy Square,- all these street names were given by the nature of the soil.
Since 1948, high-speed methods have been used to build multi-storey residential buildings here. It concentrated mainly on the newly formed Novopeschanaya street.
It can be said that the area of Sandy Streets on Sokol is one of the first places of mass housing construction in Moscow, embodying the transition period from pompous Stalinist to "human" development.
Stalinka on the 2nd Sandy street
en.wikipedia.org
In the post-war period, when it was already unbearable to live in communal apartments and barracks, the issue of the resettlement of the people had to be resolved as quickly as possible. It was later, at the end of the 50s, that primitive Khrushchev-style panels would appear, but even before them, here, on Novopeschanaya, they would build houses for people, not completely devoid of architectural delights. Of course, a simpler facade decoration was used, the scale was reduced, but the basic features of the Stalinist neoclassicism were preserved.
Houses on Novopeschanaya were built in three stages and had a number of storeys from 4 to 9 floors.
There are speculations and legends that the sandy soils, from which the streets got their names, are not suitable for construction, and subsequently mass development can turn into a disaster. But Muscovites, and most importantly common sense, refute this assumption: so far not a single crack has appeared on any of the houses.
The village of Vsekhsvyatskoye has been known since the 14th century, it was located on both sides of the current Leningradsky Prospekt, now the Moscow districts Airport and Sokol are located in this area. The village was named after the Church of All Saints, first built in wood in 1683. The stone church that has survived to this day, built in 1733-1736, stands behind the ground pavilion of the Sokol metro station.
The village remembers notable historical Russian events.
In 1608, the troops of False Dmitry II occupied the village, here the impostor allegedly buried his treasures. There were plenty of people who wanted to find them, but no one found anything, so you can try.
Since 1678, Ivan Miloslavsky, a relative and boyar of Tsar Fedor Alekseevich, one of the organizers of the Streltsy revolt of 1682, owned the lands.
In 1688, his daughter married the Imeretian prince Alexander Archilovich, who moved to Moscow with his father in 1681. Imereti is a region in Georgia with the main city of Kutaisi. Since that time, the Imeretians have been part of the population of the village of All Saints. One of the Imereti princesses, Daria Archilovna, initiated the construction of the preserved stone church of All Saints.
Alexander Archilovich was a friend and associate of Peter I, he died in captivity during the Northern War.
The road to St. Petersburg passed through the village, before the construction of the Petrovsky Travel Palace during the time of Catherine II, it is located not far from the Dynamo metro station, all sovereigns, starting with Peter, stopped in All Saints, coming from the Northern capital to the Mother See.
Two rivers flowed through the village: Khodynka and Tarakanovka. The first flows into the second, and that, in turn, into the Moscow River somewhere in the Presnya region. True, there is another opinion - Tarakanovka is a tributary of the Khodynka. At present, this can be clarified by diggers who make their risky walks along the underground collectors of the "Moscow region" rivers. Such trips do not always end happily - the collectors are narrow and during the rain the flow of water may well wash away the daredevils. During the construction of the Alabyano-Baltic tunnel, part of the collector of the Khodynka River was opened, it could be seen. A small open section can still be seen in the area of Viktorenko Street.
In the 18th century, dammed rivers formed a large pond in the village, in which the villagers bred sterlet.
After the abolition of serfdom in 1861, Vsekhsvyatskoe, like many other villages near Moscow, became a popular summer cottage.
This area is famous for another feature - there were several disabled houses here. So, after the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, the Alexander shelter was opened for veterans and their children, and after the Russian-Japanese war, on the initiative of Elizabeth Feodorovna, the founder of the Marfo-Mariinsky monastery, the Sergiev-Elizavetinsk shelter was opened.
In 1915, a fraternal cemetery was opened in the rural park for those who died on the battlefields of the First World War. Nowadays, on the site of the cemetery there is a memorial complex of the heroes of that world catastrophe.
A small memorial of reconciliation was placed on the territory of the All Saints Church, having transferred here crosses and gravestones from the fraternal cemetery.
This park and the Church of All Saints is all that remains of the once large and rich village of All Saints.
Yuri Trifonov
A small building in Chapaevsky Lane was built at the beginning of the 20th century for the gymnasium in the village of All Saints.
On August 22, 1909, one of the Moscow newspapers wrote:
"From September 1, a gymnasium was opened in Vsekhsvyatsky for the joint education of boys and girls. Local peasants refused to take part in this enterprise, considering it desirable for themselves to open not a gymnasium, but a vocational school, nevertheless, the educational work was carried out on the private initiative of the local intelligentsia. The gymnasium opens so far in the amount of two preparatory classes and one first. More than 100 applications have already been received. The fee for teaching has been set at 50 rubles per year. From the next construction season, it is planned to start building their own building, for which local residents will ask the specific department to allocate a plot land in Serebryany Bor, next to the shelter for the crippled warriors."
At first, the gymnasium rented the premises of the former Gurzuf restaurant, located at the intersection of Peschanaya Street and Leningradsky Prospekt. Thanks to the efforts and donations of local residents, a beautiful building was built for the gymnasium from concrete hollow stones. It was designed for about 300 students, it was equipped with an extensive recreational hall, as well as special rooms for teachers and auxiliary teaching aids. On December 11, 1911, the building was solemnly consecrated by Bishop Vasily of Mozhaisk. This gymnasium was named after the Gymnasium Lane in which it was located (now it is Chapaevsky Lane).
After the revolution, when the village of All Saints became part of Moscow, the school continued to work. In the reference book "All Moscow" for 1927, it is listed as seven-year school No. 67 with 12 groups and 532 students. In 1930, a new building was built for the school, and elementary classes were placed in the old building of the gymnasium. The new school was named "1st Shock" and in 1936 became school number 144.
In 1944, the first Air Force school was located in the building of the 144th school. In the former gymnasium, apparently, children continued to study, until in 1950 a new building was built for school No. 144 on Novopeschanaya Street.
In 1955, the Air Force School was closed, and the 3rd German Comprehensive School (now School No. 1249) was opened instead. The building of the gymnasium housed the primary classes.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the reconstruction of the building of the former gymnasium began, but the school did not have enough funds to complete the work. A commercial organization helped to complete the reconstruction, but in return it took half of the building for itself. The other half housed the elementary school. The building has seriously changed, a second floor has appeared. But, if we compare modern and old photographs, it is clear that many features of the former gymnasium are still preserved.
All Saints
(Travel home April 6-9, 2007)
A trip to your homeland is a return to your origins, it is an activation of memory, it is joy and sadness at the same time, it is a collision with the phenomenon of time, it is a deepening into oneself. I was born and grew up in the village of Vsekhsvyatskoe, at the age of 17 I went to Yaroslavl to study at the Yaroslavl Pedagogical Institute named after. Ushinsky, from Yaroslavl at the age of 22 he went to Leningrad to study at the graduate school of the Botanical Institute. V.L. Komarov Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Then there was work and life in Kaliningrad, Altai, Syktyvkar, Transbaikalia, Magadan, Anadyr and, finally, Vladivostok. I often came to my homeland to visit while my parents were alive, then I came to visit my brother. And now I am already 60 years old, my parents died, my children grew up and matured, I have 7 grandchildren, the children of my younger brother also became adults and all three were going to get married. This time I went to Vsekhsvyatskoye with my daughter Irina from St. Petersburg by train via Vologda. In Vologda, my brother Vitaly met us, we drove south through the city of Gryazovets, the Baklanka railway station and the village of Kukoboy (by the way, the birthplace of Baba Yaga). Spruce forests with birches and aspens along the sides of the road were pleasing to the eye and brought back to the past. The village of All Saints, as always, appeared suddenly: Here I am again in my homeland, spread out, lies a village. As if candles stick out poplars and birches like Russian brooms.
This year the spring is abnormally early, all the snow melted even in the forest, on the Sheleksha and Ukhtoma rivers the ice drifted and the water subsided, the rivers entered the banks. Previously, this was only in mid-May.
Sheleksha river near the bridge. We used to go fishing here in the spring. Hefty ides pecked at the worm on the bait. However, getting them off the bridge was not easy. Up to 20 fishermen went to the bridge for such fishing at the same time. Irina was here many years ago when she was 5-6 years old.
Here on the bank of the Sheleksha I have been fishing for as long as I can remember. This tract is called rather strange - Toviny Oviny. Why? Nobody remembers anymore. Who is Tovin? On the high, unflooded bank of the river, there used to be a nagumen or barn that belonged to my grandfather and great-grandfather, and behind it on the mountain stood a windmill that belonged to my great-grandfather and great-great-grandfather. Today, on the site of this mill, there is a warehouse of the Smena collective farm. The kolkhoz has completely fallen into disrepair from democracy, and the kolkhoz buildings have long been abandoned and are falling apart.
View of the village of All Saints from the Sheleksha River. The river separates the village from Pogost. In June, housewives brought tubs of cabbage, mushrooms and cucumbers to the river. They put stones in them, filled them with water and placed them in the river. The tubs got wet, did not dry out, then they were steamed with juniper, washed and used in the fall for new pickles. But under the tubs, while they stood in the water, lived huge slippery burbots. We, the children, quietly pushed the tub aside and began to catch burbot, some with our hands, some with a fork. I remember how the wounded burbot crawled into the trouser leg and, fluttering in it, reached the stomach. I had to jump ashore in horror, take off my pants and shake the burbot out of them. That was laughter! And it happened near the opposite bank.
 | View of Pogost from the place where I shook slippery burbot out of my pants in 1955. Against two birches on the bank of the river then stood a large one-story former manor house. The All Saints seven-year school was located in this house, I studied there from the second to the fourth grade. Then the seven-year school from Vsekhsvyatskoye was transferred to the village of Vysokovo, and only the primary school remained in Vsekhsvyatskoye, so that from the fifth to the seventh grade I had to stomp for 3 kilometers. Every day there and back it turned out 6 km. Today's residents of All Saints associate the churchyard with the cemetery, which is located behind these houses. Once upon a time there was a large beautiful church of All Saints, hence the name of the village - All Saints. In the 1950s the church was closed and gradually deteriorated, then in 1957 it was blown up. For what? To use bricks to build barnyards. Who ordered? then leadership. I remember that terrible explosion, fragments of bricks flew at a distance of 300 meters from the center of the explosion. But the Graveyard is not a place where the dead stay. Graveyards were the places where ancient Russian princes came to collect tribute from smerds living in neighboring villages. Once the whole village of All Saints was called Pogost. And it was at least 1000 years ago before the adoption of Christianity by Russia. Traditionally, priests in the Church of All Saints were people with the surname Donskoy. Most likely, the first priests came from somewhere in the Don. When it was? |
All Saints Village Club. In front of him is a monument to fellow countrymen who died in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45. This building was built in the early 60s. It houses a library, a hall with a stage, a room for artists. Yes, there are those too. Self-activity has not yet completely died in Vsekhsvyatskoye. And here they still glorify labor, not capital. This is what Russia will live on.
View of the All Saints Cemetery and part of the Pogost (right). In the days of my childhood and youth, a bonfire was annually lit on Shrovetide here to the right of the cemetery. Back then, I didn't pay much attention to it. But then I thought, why exactly in this place, on Pogost next to the cemetery? Maslenitsa is a pagan holiday and has nothing to do with Christianity. This means that this place was cult even before Christianity. Christian missionaries deftly attached themselves to holy places, to places of traditional burial places. They introduced new names, new ceremonies into the old cult ceremonies, but the holy places of worship remained the same. Well, if so, then in this place, in addition to the Christian elements of material culture, something must be preserved from pre-Christian times. To test this hypothesis, Irina and I went to the churchyard.
View of the neighboring village of Korovino from the ancient temple of All Saints and the sacrificial stone. The highway that can be seen ahead is the road along which you can go to the right to the village of Kukoboy, the cities of Gryazovets and Vologda, and to the left - to the village of Semenovskoye, the cities of Poshekhonye and Rybinsk, as well as to Danilov and Yaroslavl.
This farm of my brother is called a rafting ground. Harvested wood is transported here with whips. Here it is cut, cleaned of bark, sorted. Part goes to the construction of log cabins, part goes to the sawmill for the manufacture of timber and boards, part is sold to the factory for the manufacture of plywood, and the rest after such sorting goes to firewood. V.V. Voronin created his own individual entrepreneurship from scratch, having no authorized capital, without taking a single ruble of credit.
Pictured in 1964. Panorama of Sandy lanes with dacha buildings still preserved. View towards Leningradsky Prospekt. On the left is the 4th, on the right is the 3rd Sandy Lane.
For clarity, to imagine how the area looked before and how it has changed now (). In the memorial book of the Moscow province of 1899, the merchant Thiele Richard Yulievich (1843-1911) is listed among the inhabitants of the village.
Richard Thiele, a native of Saxony, is well known in Russia, a scientist, photographer, author of several books on photography, who made a huge contribution to the development of aerial photography and engineering photogrammetry.
As a 22-year-old boy, he arrived in Moscow in 1865 and settled in Leonova's house on the corner of Pokrovka ( Thiele himself writes Maroseyka, but this is not true, according to the reference book of 1868, Leonova's house No. 2 on Pokrovka) and Kosmodemyansky ( now Starosadsky) per.
View of Starosadsky per. from Armenian per. .Leonova's house - the corner house on the left (preserved). Photo 1913
By the time he arrived in Russia, Thiele had graduated from the Dresden Art Academy. In Moscow, he began working in one of the most famous photo studios, Scherer, Nabgolts and Co., and a few years later, in 1879, he opened his own photo studio at 13 Kuznetsky Most, which was located in the courtyard possessions of Prince Gagarin in the old chambers. In 1843, in these chambers, which received a new treatment and a portico in the era of classicism, a "Shop of Russian Products" was opened. The address of Thiele's photo studio was indicated in the announcement: Kuznetsky Most, the house of Prince Gagarin, where a store of "Russian products" is located.
Lithograph from the 1870s.
Kuznetsky bridge near the prince. Gagarin. Photo 1880 - 1885
For some time from 1882 until May 1886, a cool artist was a co-owner of the establishment here Opitz Franz Osipovich, and the company was called "Thiele and Opitz", then Thiele again became the sole owner of the studio.
A. P. Chekhov and N. P. Chekhov. Moscow. February 5, 1882. Photo by R. Y. Thiele
The house of Prince Gagarin was rebuilt in 1886 and in 1898, and in 1915. The Chambers, where there was a photo studio, were included in the current building during the last restructuring.
Modern view of the house and address; Kuznetsky most, 19.
In 1892, Thiele discovered photography and phototype. In early November 1892, he advertised in Russkiye Vedomosti: "The photograph and phototype by the artist R.Yu. Thiele has been transferred to the corner of Petrovka and Gazetny Lane ( earlier he reached Petrovka, also part of the modern. Kuznetsky bridge between B. Dmitrovka and Petrovka at one time was called Kuznetsky per.), Mikhalkov's house".
Petrovka street. View from st. Kuznetsky bridge. Thiele's photo was in the house on the left, now there is a road and a lawn in this place. Photo 1900 - 1904
Among the works made in Thiele's photo studio are portraits of Countess Olsufieva A.A. and Countess Liven E.A., mother of Andrei Bely - Bugaeva A.D., architect Kuznetsov I.S. and many others.
A.D. Bugaeva Photo by R.Yu. Thiele. Moscow. 1890s
Kuznetsov Ivan Sergeevich - architect. Photo by Thiele R. Moscow. Autograph 1890s
Since 1881, Richard Yulievich has been the chief photographer of the Society of Russian Doctors, and the photographer of the Imperial All-Union Historical Museum and the court of His Majesty the King of Saxony, as well as a member of the Moscow Society of Art Lovers. In 1887, he received the title of court photographer.. At the jubilee photographic exhibition of 1889 in St. Petersburg, the court photographer R.Yu. Tile was awarded the medal of the Imperial Russian Technical Society "... for excellent work in various branches of photography and its applications ..."
At the end of 1897, Thiele sold his photo studio and entered the service of the Ministry of Railways as head of the photographic topographic department, from where he was sent abroad for training for some time, and then participated in expeditions "to find railways in Transbaikalia, Transcaucasia and in Persia. Then for some time he lived in Voronezh, where he opened a photo studio together with co-owner Serebrin.
However, he never cut ties with Moscow. Since 1898, he has been a member of the Russian Photographic Society (RFO), whose meetings were held in Moscow, his books were also published here, in addition, let me remind you, he is mentioned as a resident of the village of All Saints in 1899. Also in different years he lectures in Moscow in Historical and Polytechnic Museum. And, finally, R. Yu. Thiele also died in Moscow on December 16, 1911, having lived for 68 years; buried at the Vvedensky cemetery.
Another resident of the village of All Saints was an architect and teacher, academician of architecture Popov Alexander Petrovich(1828 - 1904). Due to the fact that his biography is rather stingy, and the list of his buildings in Moscow is rather contradictory in different sources, I decided to devote a separate post to him ().
Alexander Petrovich did not have his own house in Moscow; in recent years he lived on the street. Mokhovoy, 26, in the village of Benkendorf ( not preserved), but he had a house or dacha in the village of All Saints, so he built and rebuilt a lot in the village and its immediate environs. It is about these buildings of his that I will mention here.
In 1881 -1883. he, together with the architect Kozlov A.N. on the outskirts of the village, he is building a temple of Alexander Nevsky at the Alexander Shelter for the crippled and elderly soldiers (demolished).
Church of Alexander Nevsky. Photo 1882 - 1897
in 1886 he rebuilt the refectory of the Church of All Saints in All Saints. Initially, the refectory had an internal structure unusual for its time, with four round pillars bearing cross vaults. According to Popov's project, the refectory was rebuilt, the supports and ceilings were dismantled, the walls were raised, a single duct vault was erected, and the window openings were shifted.
Facade of the Church in All Saints. 1886 Architect Popov A.N.
IN 1889 - 1890 Alexander Petrovich together with the architect Kolbe Fedor Nikitich erects a fence and an entrance gate in the Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo estate ( Volokolamsk highway, 52), located near the All Saints.
Entrance gate.
Part of the fence.
In 1891, Popov built a summer wooden lace club "Kukushka" and an outbuilding to it for officers of the Moscow garrison (demolished). Photo 1917
In 1892, not far from the village of Vsekhsvyatsky, he built a wide variety of wooden buildings - a restaurant, a shooting range, a stage, a bowling alley, rail mountains, pavilions, located mainly on the banks of the dammed Presnya River for the famous entrepreneur Charles Aumont, who rented for his entertainment establishments part of the possessions of the merchant Postnikov, located on the Petersburg highway - ( not saved, no photo).
And although these of his buildings - in a post dedicated to the projects of Popov A.P., I classified them as controversial, because. Muscovite and historian Romanyuk S.K. does not specify which, exactly, Popov ( there were three) they belonged, I still believe that they were designed by Alexander Petrovich. his previous work confirms this.
Another amazing resident of All Saints was Vera Alexandrovna Nashchokina, the wife of a close friend of Pushkin - Pavel Voinovich Nashchokin from 1834
Vera Alexandrovna Nashchokina(1811-1900), ur. Narskaya-Nagaeva is the illegitimate daughter of the chamberlain and privy councilor A.P. Nashchokin (second cousin of P.V. Nashchokin and serf Daria Nesterovna Nagaeva.
Nashchokin introduced Pushkin to her in 1833. Vera Alexandrovna immediately became one of the poet's inner circle. Pushkin, in turn, considered her "one of the most spiritually attractive women he knew."
Nashchokina Vera Alexandrovna. 1840s Unknown artist.
In Vsekhsvyatsky, Vera Alexandrovna lived out her life, Vladimir Gilyarovsky recalls this in his book "Newspaper Moscow": - “In mid-April 1899, A. V. Amfiteatrov summoned me by telephone to St. Petersburg and offered me to take on the duties of a correspondent from Moscow and manage the Moscow branch of the newly published large newspaper Rossiya ...
One of these correspondences of mine, printed with a full signature, began like this:
“I now had the good fortune to kiss the hand that Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin kissed.”
Yes, it was. I managed to find out that V. A. Nashchokina was still alive and huddled somewhere in the village of Vsekhsvyatsky near Moscow. I found her in the backyard, in a dilapidated outbuilding. In front of me on a dilapidated armchair sat a dilapidated, dilapidated old woman, all alone. Her son, already with gray hair, I saw him later at the races in a shabby form, was without a place and went to Moscow, and his children ran away to play.
Portrait of V.A. Nashchokina, All Saints, 1899
I described the whole conversation with her then in Rossiya, but now I remember only that she talked about unforgettable evenings. Pushkin always read his poems to her, they sat together when her husband stayed at the English Club. I told her about the celebrations of Pushkin. She somehow took it badly and only repeated:
- All Pushkin, all Pushkin!
Saying goodbye, I kissed her hand, and she said, raising her old eyes to me:
- Pushkin always kissed my hand ... Oh Pushkin, everything is Pushkin!
I sent correspondence to Rossiya, and the story about Nashchokina to the Pushkin Commission. The decrepit old woman was taken to one of the meetings, honored and arranged for her to retire.
As can be seen from the above, and Vladimir Alekseevich Gilyarovsky visited All Saints.
If Vera Alexandrovna lived out her life in the village, then another amazing person, the artist N. M. Kochergin, on the contrary, was born here and spent his childhood and youth in the village.
Kochergin Nikolai Mikhailovich (1897-1974) - illustrator, Honored Artist of the RSFSR. One of the brightest representatives of the "golden age" of children's illustration (1950-1960s).
Kochergin Nikolai Mikhailovich
Nikolai Mikhailovich was fond of art from a very early age. In 1908 he entered the Stroganov School of Industrial Art. In 1918 he graduated from it. In the same year, he volunteered for the Red Army. In the same years he left Moscow, worked in Kharkov, Baku, and from 1922 he lived in Leningrad. Gradually I started illustrating books - through posters, monumental and decorative art, painting, wooden sculpture. N. Kochergin equally succeeded in both Russian folklore and the folklore of other countries. For more than twenty-five years, N.M. Kochergin devoted himself to illustrating children's literature. and, indeed, he found himself in it. Who knows, maybe illustrating these children's tales, Nikolai recalled his little Rolina - the village of All Saints.
We are unlikely to find out where Nashchokina V.A. lived out her life. or in which house Nikolai Kochergin was born and spent the first years of his life, no documents have been preserved, but both of them saw Vsekhsvyatskoye approximately as it was still preserved in the middle of the last century. Photo 1955 - 1956
Photo 1958 - 1960
Continuation. Part 32 (writing).
Other attractions.